Adaptation measures for floods, storm surges, and sea level rise
... According to the Canadian Climate Impacts and Adaptation Research Network (CCIARN, 2006), adaptation can be proactive (changes are brought before there are impacts) or reactive (measures are implemented after there are impacts). Adaptation measures are more often implemented after a natural disaster ...
... According to the Canadian Climate Impacts and Adaptation Research Network (CCIARN, 2006), adaptation can be proactive (changes are brought before there are impacts) or reactive (measures are implemented after there are impacts). Adaptation measures are more often implemented after a natural disaster ...
Tree Seedling Establishment in Response to Warming and Nitrogen
... Old field habitats are areas previously used for production of crops or rangeland that have been abandoned (i.e. no longer managed) for a number of years. Colonization of these areas by vegetation in temperate regions follows a fairly predictable pattern. Fields are first colonized by weedy annual p ...
... Old field habitats are areas previously used for production of crops or rangeland that have been abandoned (i.e. no longer managed) for a number of years. Colonization of these areas by vegetation in temperate regions follows a fairly predictable pattern. Fields are first colonized by weedy annual p ...
2010_09_icao_grounded PDF, 750.6 KByte
... the UN Climate change principle of common but differentiated responsibilities can be respected by allocating revenues from any instrument to developing countries for adaptation and mitigation of climate change. ICAO has debated MBMs for over a decade. It is now time for action not more debate. ICAO ...
... the UN Climate change principle of common but differentiated responsibilities can be respected by allocating revenues from any instrument to developing countries for adaptation and mitigation of climate change. ICAO has debated MBMs for over a decade. It is now time for action not more debate. ICAO ...
Low Emissions Diet
... figure increases to 62.7 megatonnes.22 That equates to 215 megatonnes of CO2-e emissions using a 20-year GWP, ...
... figure increases to 62.7 megatonnes.22 That equates to 215 megatonnes of CO2-e emissions using a 20-year GWP, ...
The UK Climate Change Act 2008
... establish a series of five-yearly carbon budgets, and must then prepare policies and proposals for meeting those budgets. Part 1 also sets out the requirement to establish a system of carbon accounting. Part 2 (The committee on climate change) establishes an independent committee to advise the gover ...
... establish a series of five-yearly carbon budgets, and must then prepare policies and proposals for meeting those budgets. Part 1 also sets out the requirement to establish a system of carbon accounting. Part 2 (The committee on climate change) establishes an independent committee to advise the gover ...
... infinite impacts of the challenges in this report are not as well known as they should be. One reason is the way that extreme impacts are often masked by most of the theories and models used by governments and business today. Climate change is a good example, where almost all of the focus is on the ...
Urbanization and climate change impacts on future urban flooding in
... dredging the canal bed are limited, so sedimentation also is a serious issue. In case of heavy rainfall combined with high tide, the water level in the canals often rise higher than that in the drainage pipes, causing surcharge and backflow. This is the prime reason for inundation in quarters close ...
... dredging the canal bed are limited, so sedimentation also is a serious issue. In case of heavy rainfall combined with high tide, the water level in the canals often rise higher than that in the drainage pipes, causing surcharge and backflow. This is the prime reason for inundation in quarters close ...
American Teens` Knowledge of Climate Change
... 52% of teens understand that carbon dioxide traps heat from the Earth’s surface, compared to 45% of adults; 71% of teens understand that carbon dioxide is produced by the burning of fossil fuels, compared to 67% of adults. ...
... 52% of teens understand that carbon dioxide traps heat from the Earth’s surface, compared to 45% of adults; 71% of teens understand that carbon dioxide is produced by the burning of fossil fuels, compared to 67% of adults. ...
The Promises and Perils of Geoengineering
... produce charcoal, and then burying the charcoal in the soil, which in turn serves both as carbon sink and soil enhancement.19 As for the oceans, the most talked-about CDR possibility is ocean seeding. Here the idea is to take advantage of the natural process whereby phytoplankton take in carbon from ...
... produce charcoal, and then burying the charcoal in the soil, which in turn serves both as carbon sink and soil enhancement.19 As for the oceans, the most talked-about CDR possibility is ocean seeding. Here the idea is to take advantage of the natural process whereby phytoplankton take in carbon from ...
Recognitions and Responsibilities - International Research Institute
... planetary scale of climate change (Latour 2004). Greenhouse gas emissions diffuse through the atmosphere and alter the balance between the solar energy reaching the earth and the energy radiating back out into space, so that efforts to address climate change must include the coordinated efforts of m ...
... planetary scale of climate change (Latour 2004). Greenhouse gas emissions diffuse through the atmosphere and alter the balance between the solar energy reaching the earth and the energy radiating back out into space, so that efforts to address climate change must include the coordinated efforts of m ...
fair shares: a civil society equity review of indcs report
... cooperation is indispensable in solving significant commons problems. Climate change, of course, is one of the largest and most difficult commons problems that humanity has ever faced, and it will not be solved without durable and robust cooperation. This robust cooperation is urgently needed. Clima ...
... cooperation is indispensable in solving significant commons problems. Climate change, of course, is one of the largest and most difficult commons problems that humanity has ever faced, and it will not be solved without durable and robust cooperation. This robust cooperation is urgently needed. Clima ...
First Year Booklet 2016-17
... across the world. In its transformation of how we go about our daily lives, oil has become the single most consumed commodity and our consumption continues to rise. However, the idea that the mass consumption of oil was foundational to a particular way of life did not emerge ‘naturall ...
... across the world. In its transformation of how we go about our daily lives, oil has become the single most consumed commodity and our consumption continues to rise. However, the idea that the mass consumption of oil was foundational to a particular way of life did not emerge ‘naturall ...
UNEP and Climate Change
... world with a strong and credible scientific basis for both understanding and responding to the climate challenge. 19. Climate change is an environmental change phenomenon that has profound economic and social implications. UNEP is “the principal United Nations body in the field of environment” that ...
... world with a strong and credible scientific basis for both understanding and responding to the climate challenge. 19. Climate change is an environmental change phenomenon that has profound economic and social implications. UNEP is “the principal United Nations body in the field of environment” that ...
EPA Research - 2016 Call EPA Research –Climate Research Call 2016
... The study will also provide assessment of discussions under UNFCCC and at EU level. It will seek to advance analysis of historical emissions/removals of GHGs including the uptake and release of carbon dioxide from biomass and soils, and non-CO2 emissions across all sectors. Expected outputs include ...
... The study will also provide assessment of discussions under UNFCCC and at EU level. It will seek to advance analysis of historical emissions/removals of GHGs including the uptake and release of carbon dioxide from biomass and soils, and non-CO2 emissions across all sectors. Expected outputs include ...
Forced Sahel rainfall trends in the CMIP5 archive.
... usual case with low income, high population and high energy demand due to only modest improvements in energy intensity”. This is an extreme scenario, with a continuous rise in radiative forcing during the 21st century, leading to a value of about 8.5 Wm 2 in 2100; such growth in radiative forcing is ...
... usual case with low income, high population and high energy demand due to only modest improvements in energy intensity”. This is an extreme scenario, with a continuous rise in radiative forcing during the 21st century, leading to a value of about 8.5 Wm 2 in 2100; such growth in radiative forcing is ...
halifax harbour extreme water levels in the context of climate change
... wide consensus that the global climate is warming and that this warming will result in accelerated sealevel rise and other consequences such as changes in storm intensity and possibly frequency, with serious implications for coastal residents and stakeholders (IPCC, 2007a, 2007b). The Halifax Region ...
... wide consensus that the global climate is warming and that this warming will result in accelerated sealevel rise and other consequences such as changes in storm intensity and possibly frequency, with serious implications for coastal residents and stakeholders (IPCC, 2007a, 2007b). The Halifax Region ...
(Box 3). Increased understanding of climate change and biodiversity
... Forest Degradation (REDD) programs of the United Nation’s Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which have seen substantial implementation in many developing regions. The REDD program is particularly gaining popularity in the Albertine Rift region due to the significant potential for miti ...
... Forest Degradation (REDD) programs of the United Nation’s Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which have seen substantial implementation in many developing regions. The REDD program is particularly gaining popularity in the Albertine Rift region due to the significant potential for miti ...
The End of the Kyoto Protocol - Digital Commons @ Georgia Law
... one thing in common: they emit greenhouse gases.1 In fact, when measuring greenhouse gas emissions, “[a] herd of cattle belching can be worse than a highway full of Hummers.”2 It seems strange and somewhat unlikely, but due to the diversity in the types of greenhouse gases that can be emitted, green ...
... one thing in common: they emit greenhouse gases.1 In fact, when measuring greenhouse gas emissions, “[a] herd of cattle belching can be worse than a highway full of Hummers.”2 It seems strange and somewhat unlikely, but due to the diversity in the types of greenhouse gases that can be emitted, green ...
POLICY ISSUES RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SPAIN
... Iglesias et al., 2008b). Climate change projections indicate an increased likelihood of droughts. Variability of precipitation – in time, space, and intensity -- can directly influence water resources availability. The combination of long-term change (e.g., warmer average temperatures and possibly l ...
... Iglesias et al., 2008b). Climate change projections indicate an increased likelihood of droughts. Variability of precipitation – in time, space, and intensity -- can directly influence water resources availability. The combination of long-term change (e.g., warmer average temperatures and possibly l ...
Observed groundwater temperature response to recent climate
... at the outlet, to minimize influences by ambient air temperatures. An examination of the time series for seasonal effects revealed that they contain certain minor seasonal effects with annual variations up to ±0.2 K, which indicates an impact of ambient air temperature on the GWT during the sampling ...
... at the outlet, to minimize influences by ambient air temperatures. An examination of the time series for seasonal effects revealed that they contain certain minor seasonal effects with annual variations up to ±0.2 K, which indicates an impact of ambient air temperature on the GWT during the sampling ...
Climate Change - National Wildlife Federation
... Scientists predict that thermal expansion of the oceans and rapid melting of sea ice and glaciers, as a result of global warming, will cause sea levels to rise by 6 to 37 inches by the year 2100. At the upper range of scientific projections, sea level rise may cause some reefs to fall below what is ...
... Scientists predict that thermal expansion of the oceans and rapid melting of sea ice and glaciers, as a result of global warming, will cause sea levels to rise by 6 to 37 inches by the year 2100. At the upper range of scientific projections, sea level rise may cause some reefs to fall below what is ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.