Climate change research and policy in Portugal
... and its impacts in Portugal was published in 1987 in Portugaliae Physica.a A model integrating the perturbed carbon cycle and the atmosphere and biosphere responses to a changing climate was developed. It projected that CO2 concentration would double relative to pre-industrial values by 2080 leading ...
... and its impacts in Portugal was published in 1987 in Portugaliae Physica.a A model integrating the perturbed carbon cycle and the atmosphere and biosphere responses to a changing climate was developed. It projected that CO2 concentration would double relative to pre-industrial values by 2080 leading ...
PRACTICE TEST 13
... effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet. Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject, attended by representatives from around 180 of the world’s industrialized countries. Of these summits, th ...
... effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet. Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject, attended by representatives from around 180 of the world’s industrialized countries. Of these summits, th ...
Successful adaptation to climate change across scales
... development pathways into an uncertain future. We further argue that each of these elements of decision-making is implicit within presently formulated scenarios of socio-economic futures of both emission trajectories and adaptation, though with different weighting. The process by which adaptations a ...
... development pathways into an uncertain future. We further argue that each of these elements of decision-making is implicit within presently formulated scenarios of socio-economic futures of both emission trajectories and adaptation, though with different weighting. The process by which adaptations a ...
Full-Text PDF
... assessments, make various underlying assumptions about radiative forcing through time, which is dependent upon future global greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations, as well as land use changes. For this analysis, we selected the two RCPs most used by the climate modeling community, RCP4.5 and RCP ...
... assessments, make various underlying assumptions about radiative forcing through time, which is dependent upon future global greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations, as well as land use changes. For this analysis, we selected the two RCPs most used by the climate modeling community, RCP4.5 and RCP ...
Climate Action Planning Progress in the San Diego Region
... Also significant is the Environmental Protection Agency’s efforts to regulate greenhouse gas emissions as a pollutant under the Clean Air Act, including issuance of the Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Rule. This Rule requires large sources to report greenhouse gas data, in order to help the ...
... Also significant is the Environmental Protection Agency’s efforts to regulate greenhouse gas emissions as a pollutant under the Clean Air Act, including issuance of the Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Rule. This Rule requires large sources to report greenhouse gas data, in order to help the ...
IPCC 5-2014 WG-2 Summary.pdf
... Climate change: Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to ...
... Climate change: Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to ...
Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability
... Climate change: Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to ...
... Climate change: Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to ...
Navigating scales of knowledge and decision
... into decision making in order to advance the ability of regional and national entities to manage climate impacts.” Given the water scarcity in the region, WWA’s primary focus has been on the water sector. Much has been written about the concept of scale and how it is used across the natural and soci ...
... into decision making in order to advance the ability of regional and national entities to manage climate impacts.” Given the water scarcity in the region, WWA’s primary focus has been on the water sector. Much has been written about the concept of scale and how it is used across the natural and soci ...
Individual consumers and climate change: searching for a new moral compass - Working Paper 81 (358 kB) (opens in new window)
... perception of moral problems (Section 5). There is rather less literature on the ethics of collective action problems, with most of the focus being on the attribution of responsibility (discussed in Section 6). Although some of these complex issues are still under debate, there is at least a conside ...
... perception of moral problems (Section 5). There is rather less literature on the ethics of collective action problems, with most of the focus being on the attribution of responsibility (discussed in Section 6). Although some of these complex issues are still under debate, there is at least a conside ...
Boiling Point: The Impact of Climate Change on Sea Turtles and the
... food may be key parts of the puzzle. “Resource availability is higher and more consistent in the Atlantic Ocean,” says Vincent Saba of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. “Essentially, there’s more food in the Atlantic and the turtles don’t have to swim such great distances to reach it.” Accor ...
... food may be key parts of the puzzle. “Resource availability is higher and more consistent in the Atlantic Ocean,” says Vincent Saba of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. “Essentially, there’s more food in the Atlantic and the turtles don’t have to swim such great distances to reach it.” Accor ...
Katsman et al (2011)
... In the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR4, Meehl et al. 2007a), a global mean sea level rise of 0.18–0.59 m for 2090–2100 with respect to 1990 was projected in response to various scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions. These results are based on deta ...
... In the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR4, Meehl et al. 2007a), a global mean sea level rise of 0.18–0.59 m for 2090–2100 with respect to 1990 was projected in response to various scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions. These results are based on deta ...
How climate adaptation in cities creates a resilient place for
... activities and 102 cities have climate adaptation plans. There is significant opportunity for collaboration between city governments and business to improve climate resilience. CDP’s data shows there is also increased action across the private sector. Last year, a record number of financial institut ...
... activities and 102 cities have climate adaptation plans. There is significant opportunity for collaboration between city governments and business to improve climate resilience. CDP’s data shows there is also increased action across the private sector. Last year, a record number of financial institut ...
Challenges of Growth 2013
... necessary to address those risks, and what actions are being implemented or planned. This report presents the results of that consultation. It also reviews climate change risks out to 2050, by which time the impacts are expected to be widely felt. Due to inertia in the climate system some degree of ...
... necessary to address those risks, and what actions are being implemented or planned. This report presents the results of that consultation. It also reviews climate change risks out to 2050, by which time the impacts are expected to be widely felt. Due to inertia in the climate system some degree of ...
What is Climate Change and How it will effect
... thousands of published scientific articles that include research using advanced mathematical modelling to predict future changes, as well as research monitoring historical and current changes in climate, in order to produce the IPCC assessments. Furthermore the work of the IPCC is backed by the worl ...
... thousands of published scientific articles that include research using advanced mathematical modelling to predict future changes, as well as research monitoring historical and current changes in climate, in order to produce the IPCC assessments. Furthermore the work of the IPCC is backed by the worl ...
Confronting Climate Change in California
... by 2100. [See The International Consensus on Climate Change, page 12.] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of more than 500 scientists who reviewed the scientific literature on climate variability and change, concluded in 1995 that warming by 2100 will range between 2° and ...
... by 2100. [See The International Consensus on Climate Change, page 12.] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of more than 500 scientists who reviewed the scientific literature on climate variability and change, concluded in 1995 that warming by 2100 will range between 2° and ...
Request for CEO Endorsement - Global Environment Facility
... also points out that achieving the goals for 2020 and 2050 will require incorporating an additional 17 actions to the PECC as well as a combi-nation of NAMAs, which would contribute 46.5 MtCO2 eq. of emissions reduced by 2020. Although the country has been engaged in addressing climate change, addit ...
... also points out that achieving the goals for 2020 and 2050 will require incorporating an additional 17 actions to the PECC as well as a combi-nation of NAMAs, which would contribute 46.5 MtCO2 eq. of emissions reduced by 2020. Although the country has been engaged in addressing climate change, addit ...
Hardening Australia: Climate change and
... suburban Canberra and left three people dead and the February 2009 fires in Victoria killed 173 people. Bushfires and their impacts are influenced by many factors, including the amount and condition of the fuel load (vegetation), the vulnerability of people and infrastructure, land-cover patterns, i ...
... suburban Canberra and left three people dead and the February 2009 fires in Victoria killed 173 people. Bushfires and their impacts are influenced by many factors, including the amount and condition of the fuel load (vegetation), the vulnerability of people and infrastructure, land-cover patterns, i ...
Full Congressional testimonials
... However, scientific investigations of the dynamics of the entire climate system have more in common with systems biology and economics than with laboratory physics and chemistry, owing to the complexity of the systems under investigation and the inability to conduct controlled experiments. Complexit ...
... However, scientific investigations of the dynamics of the entire climate system have more in common with systems biology and economics than with laboratory physics and chemistry, owing to the complexity of the systems under investigation and the inability to conduct controlled experiments. Complexit ...
Impact of the Expanding Thar Desert
... expect the atmospheric response to be different from region to region, depending on the relative role of local versus remote forcings on the climate of the region. The primary goal of this work is to investigate the impact of the expanded desert over northwestern India and Pakistan on the South Asia ...
... expect the atmospheric response to be different from region to region, depending on the relative role of local versus remote forcings on the climate of the region. The primary goal of this work is to investigate the impact of the expanded desert over northwestern India and Pakistan on the South Asia ...
Nooksack Indian Tribe: Rivers and Glaciers - UO Blogs
... of all glaciers are melting and will continue to melt (Pelto, 2008; Riedel and Larabee, 2011). Current monitoring projects indicate that many of the smaller glaciers on Mt. Baker and throughout the North Cascades are unlikely to survive current warming trends. In response to this data, the Tribe has ...
... of all glaciers are melting and will continue to melt (Pelto, 2008; Riedel and Larabee, 2011). Current monitoring projects indicate that many of the smaller glaciers on Mt. Baker and throughout the North Cascades are unlikely to survive current warming trends. In response to this data, the Tribe has ...
Global Climate Projections
... modelling groups worldwide, climate change projections are now based on multi-model means, differences between models can be assessed quantitatively and in some instances, estimates of the probability of change of important climate system parameters complement expert judgement. New results corrobora ...
... modelling groups worldwide, climate change projections are now based on multi-model means, differences between models can be assessed quantitatively and in some instances, estimates of the probability of change of important climate system parameters complement expert judgement. New results corrobora ...
Predicting organismal vulnerability to climate warming: roles of
... A recently developed integrative framework proposes that the vulnerability of a species to environmental change depends on the species’ exposure and sensitivity to environmental change, its resilience to perturbations and its potential to adapt to change. These vulnerability criteria require behavio ...
... A recently developed integrative framework proposes that the vulnerability of a species to environmental change depends on the species’ exposure and sensitivity to environmental change, its resilience to perturbations and its potential to adapt to change. These vulnerability criteria require behavio ...
The importance of ENSO phase during volcanic eruptions
... Agung, as was the case during 1951–2014, is a very rare occurrence (see section S1 in the supporting information). Also, sampling El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability itself in coupled climate models requires large ensembles or long control simulations [Wittenberg, 2009; Deser et al., 201 ...
... Agung, as was the case during 1951–2014, is a very rare occurrence (see section S1 in the supporting information). Also, sampling El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability itself in coupled climate models requires large ensembles or long control simulations [Wittenberg, 2009; Deser et al., 201 ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.