FIST/HIPK3: a Fas/FADD-interacting Serine/Threonine Kinase that
... strongly interacted with the complete cytoplasmic domain of Fas but not with TNFR1, lamin A, LDL receptor, or poly Ig receptor (not shown). An EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ search revealed that the sequences of clones 4, 16, 18, and 25 were contained in a murine gene recently identified as HIPK3, whereas clones ...
... strongly interacted with the complete cytoplasmic domain of Fas but not with TNFR1, lamin A, LDL receptor, or poly Ig receptor (not shown). An EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ search revealed that the sequences of clones 4, 16, 18, and 25 were contained in a murine gene recently identified as HIPK3, whereas clones ...
Current Topics Intrinsic Disorder and Protein Function†
... proteins (3). Tight regulation of intracellular protease activity can also be understood as a mechanism to protect proteasesensitive sites (5, 12). Additional mechanisms help disordered proteins avoid proteolysis in vivo. Some disordered regions are inaccessible to proteases due to steric factors; o ...
... proteins (3). Tight regulation of intracellular protease activity can also be understood as a mechanism to protect proteasesensitive sites (5, 12). Additional mechanisms help disordered proteins avoid proteolysis in vivo. Some disordered regions are inaccessible to proteases due to steric factors; o ...
The role of Arabidopsis CRK5 protein kinase in the regulation of root
... membrane-associated CRK proteins examined so far in other plant species. The N-terminal domain of CRK5 also harbours a nuclear localisation signal, which is followed by a conserved serine/thronine kinase domain, an autoinhibitory domain and four degenerated EF-hand motives. In all currently known me ...
... membrane-associated CRK proteins examined so far in other plant species. The N-terminal domain of CRK5 also harbours a nuclear localisation signal, which is followed by a conserved serine/thronine kinase domain, an autoinhibitory domain and four degenerated EF-hand motives. In all currently known me ...
Crosstalk in NF-κB signaling pathways
... of IRF3 (ref. 28). The relative contribution to this process of TRAFs and other E3 ligases needs further investigation under physiological conditions. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the requirement for TRAF3 in interferon production likewise depends on its E3 ligase activity. As it would se ...
... of IRF3 (ref. 28). The relative contribution to this process of TRAFs and other E3 ligases needs further investigation under physiological conditions. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the requirement for TRAF3 in interferon production likewise depends on its E3 ligase activity. As it would se ...
Regulation of intermediary metabolism by protein acetylation
... Box 1. More than 2000 proteins are acetylated in mammalian cells Owing to the technical difficulty of detection, an overwhelming proportion of the acetylation studies has been focused on histones and nuclear proteins [4,5]. Unlike phosphorylation, which can be readily detected by 32P-phosphate label ...
... Box 1. More than 2000 proteins are acetylated in mammalian cells Owing to the technical difficulty of detection, an overwhelming proportion of the acetylation studies has been focused on histones and nuclear proteins [4,5]. Unlike phosphorylation, which can be readily detected by 32P-phosphate label ...
Molecular Definition of Distinct Cytoskeletal Structures
... with point-like contact areas separating regions o f looser membrane (13). T h e proteins that mediate these points o f contact, as well as the signals required for their formation, have not yet been identified. Podosomes are punctate contacts where the plasma membrane is attached loosely to the sub ...
... with point-like contact areas separating regions o f looser membrane (13). T h e proteins that mediate these points o f contact, as well as the signals required for their formation, have not yet been identified. Podosomes are punctate contacts where the plasma membrane is attached loosely to the sub ...
Abnormal Renal and Hepatic Glucose Metabolism in Type 2
... method (22). Plasma lactate, alanine, glycerol, and b-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were measured by standard microfluorometric assays and plasma insulin and glucagon were measured by RIA as previously described (23–25). Calculations. Systemic (total) release and uptake of glucose and palmitate wer ...
... method (22). Plasma lactate, alanine, glycerol, and b-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were measured by standard microfluorometric assays and plasma insulin and glucagon were measured by RIA as previously described (23–25). Calculations. Systemic (total) release and uptake of glucose and palmitate wer ...
Comparison of the Functional Differences for the Homologous Residues within... Carboxy Phosphate and Carbamate Domains of Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase
... was constructed based upon amino acid sequence alignments and the previously determined threedimensional structures of two mechanistically related proteins, biotin carboxylase and D-alanine:D-alanine ligase. The model was tested by mutation of ten amino acid residues predicted to be important for bi ...
... was constructed based upon amino acid sequence alignments and the previously determined threedimensional structures of two mechanistically related proteins, biotin carboxylase and D-alanine:D-alanine ligase. The model was tested by mutation of ten amino acid residues predicted to be important for bi ...
Robust methods for purification of histones from cultured
... histone H2A from unsynchronized mouse carcinoma cells contains 4-fold and 6-fold higher phosphate levels than H3 and H4, respectively, and that bulk phosphorylated H2A isoforms were resistant to cAMP-induced global histone dephosphorylation (43). Another downside of the current methods for histone ...
... histone H2A from unsynchronized mouse carcinoma cells contains 4-fold and 6-fold higher phosphate levels than H3 and H4, respectively, and that bulk phosphorylated H2A isoforms were resistant to cAMP-induced global histone dephosphorylation (43). Another downside of the current methods for histone ...
Purification, Identification and Characterisation of - DORAS
... including dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26), that seprase shows considerable sequence homology with, and related type II trans-membrane prolyl serine peptidases, which are inducible, specific for proline-containing peptides and macromolecules and exert their mechanisms of action on the cell surfa ...
... including dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26), that seprase shows considerable sequence homology with, and related type II trans-membrane prolyl serine peptidases, which are inducible, specific for proline-containing peptides and macromolecules and exert their mechanisms of action on the cell surfa ...
The model was provided with glucose and FFA inputs to
... glucose metabolism, oxidative glucose metabolism and β-oxidation with experimental data from Mandarino et al. for the processes in muscle [14] (presented normalised to basal). Since the experimental results in Tables 3 and 4 are expressed per kg of liver, absolute comparisons of the rates are not po ...
... glucose metabolism, oxidative glucose metabolism and β-oxidation with experimental data from Mandarino et al. for the processes in muscle [14] (presented normalised to basal). Since the experimental results in Tables 3 and 4 are expressed per kg of liver, absolute comparisons of the rates are not po ...
Product formation and phosphoglucomutase activities
... maltose to study the effect of maltose concentration on product formation and a- and P-PGM activity. For the mixed sugar and maltose concentration experiments, parent cultures were grown overnight on glucose (20 g l-'), except for the experiments with lactose and galactose, in which case the parent ...
... maltose to study the effect of maltose concentration on product formation and a- and P-PGM activity. For the mixed sugar and maltose concentration experiments, parent cultures were grown overnight on glucose (20 g l-'), except for the experiments with lactose and galactose, in which case the parent ...
Cloning and Expression of Bovine Sodium/Glucose Cotransporters* J. Dairy Sci. 88:182–194
... sodium-linked transport process against an electrochemical gradient. The SGLT are known to play important roles in absorption of dietary D-glucose and D-galactose from the intestinal lumen and in the reabsorption of Dglucose from the glomerular filtrate in kidney. To study the role and regulation of ...
... sodium-linked transport process against an electrochemical gradient. The SGLT are known to play important roles in absorption of dietary D-glucose and D-galactose from the intestinal lumen and in the reabsorption of Dglucose from the glomerular filtrate in kidney. To study the role and regulation of ...
Photocatalytic Inhibition of Algae Growth Using TiO2, WO3, and
... would be removed, placed in a centrifuge tube, and spun for 15 min. The centrifugate would then be sampled with a microliter syringe for glucose assay. Glucose concentration after photolysis was determined via the hexokinase, or HK method (24). Glucose is converted by hexokinase in the presence of A ...
... would be removed, placed in a centrifuge tube, and spun for 15 min. The centrifugate would then be sampled with a microliter syringe for glucose assay. Glucose concentration after photolysis was determined via the hexokinase, or HK method (24). Glucose is converted by hexokinase in the presence of A ...
5 Molecular basis of type-2 diabetes
... Insulin signaling downstream of PI3K Downstream PI3K intracellular serine/threonine kinases, Akt and atypical PKC (aPKC), are activated by the formation of lipid products of PI3K. These kinases require the involvement of IRS to transmit the insulin signal to downstream biological events [21]. Akt. T ...
... Insulin signaling downstream of PI3K Downstream PI3K intracellular serine/threonine kinases, Akt and atypical PKC (aPKC), are activated by the formation of lipid products of PI3K. These kinases require the involvement of IRS to transmit the insulin signal to downstream biological events [21]. Akt. T ...
The Role of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in
... glycolysis, fructolysis, and de novo lipogenesis [20,23–25]. Therefore, ChREBP plays an important role in glycolysis and fructolysis. In this review, I describe glucose and fructose metabolism with special references to the roles of ChREBP. Fructose is slowly absorbed from the intestine and immediat ...
... glycolysis, fructolysis, and de novo lipogenesis [20,23–25]. Therefore, ChREBP plays an important role in glycolysis and fructolysis. In this review, I describe glucose and fructose metabolism with special references to the roles of ChREBP. Fructose is slowly absorbed from the intestine and immediat ...
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... and homologs are separated by a comma, while synonyms and the names of splice variants and fragments are separated by a slash. The third column refers either to a key reference or to the section(s) where the interactors are discussed. AKAIs, A-kinase-activated inhibitors; AKAP, A-kinaseanchoring pro ...
... and homologs are separated by a comma, while synonyms and the names of splice variants and fragments are separated by a slash. The third column refers either to a key reference or to the section(s) where the interactors are discussed. AKAIs, A-kinase-activated inhibitors; AKAP, A-kinaseanchoring pro ...
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Mitogen
... 2009; Tonks, 2006). The DUSPs are characterized by a consensus signature motif represented by HC(X)5R which defines the active site of these enzymes (Soulsby and Bennett, 2009; Tonks, 2006). MKPs inactivate the MAPKs by directly dephosphorylating the MAPKs on its regulatory threonine and tyrosine re ...
... 2009; Tonks, 2006). The DUSPs are characterized by a consensus signature motif represented by HC(X)5R which defines the active site of these enzymes (Soulsby and Bennett, 2009; Tonks, 2006). MKPs inactivate the MAPKs by directly dephosphorylating the MAPKs on its regulatory threonine and tyrosine re ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... 2.3. Compartmentation of redox reactions In eukaryotic organisms redox reactions may occur in various cell compartments. These are surrounded by membranes impermeable to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides. As a result, each compartment must maintain a delicate balance between formation and consumpti ...
... 2.3. Compartmentation of redox reactions In eukaryotic organisms redox reactions may occur in various cell compartments. These are surrounded by membranes impermeable to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides. As a result, each compartment must maintain a delicate balance between formation and consumpti ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... 2.3. Compartmentation of redox reactions In eukaryotic organisms redox reactions may occur in various cell compartments. These are surrounded by membranes impermeable to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides. As a result, each compartment must maintain a delicate balance between formation and consumpti ...
... 2.3. Compartmentation of redox reactions In eukaryotic organisms redox reactions may occur in various cell compartments. These are surrounded by membranes impermeable to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides. As a result, each compartment must maintain a delicate balance between formation and consumpti ...
Pascale G. Charest and Michel Bouvier Activation
... receptor desensitization is now well established (1). Upon activation, GPCRs become phosphorylated by both second messenger-activated and GPCR kinases on serine and threonine residues located in the third intracellular loop and/or carboxylterminal tail of the receptors. These phosphorylation events ...
... receptor desensitization is now well established (1). Upon activation, GPCRs become phosphorylated by both second messenger-activated and GPCR kinases on serine and threonine residues located in the third intracellular loop and/or carboxylterminal tail of the receptors. These phosphorylation events ...
Bypassing the glucose/fatty acid cycle: AMP
... differences reflect differences in the γ isoforms, or whether there are other factors that complicate the findings. Unusual vacuoles, possibly containing glycogen, were found to be present in cardiomyocytes from patients harbouring two different mutations in γ2 (N488I and T400N) [29]. This is partic ...
... differences reflect differences in the γ isoforms, or whether there are other factors that complicate the findings. Unusual vacuoles, possibly containing glycogen, were found to be present in cardiomyocytes from patients harbouring two different mutations in γ2 (N488I and T400N) [29]. This is partic ...
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, turn many protein enzymes on and off, thereby altering their function and activity. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification.Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes. Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of March 2015, the Medline database returns over 240,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).