Slow Virus Diseases of the Central Nervous System
... the pathogenesis of these diseases can be assessed where we now know that a latent, long-lasting virus is present, especially for those diseases in which transmission to an experimental animal is possible and the animal models may be used in the study of pathogenesis. We were not surprised to see, d ...
... the pathogenesis of these diseases can be assessed where we now know that a latent, long-lasting virus is present, especially for those diseases in which transmission to an experimental animal is possible and the animal models may be used in the study of pathogenesis. We were not surprised to see, d ...
Pathogenesis of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus Infection in
... conjunctivitis according to the site of infection. Each lesion was accompanied with focal gliosis and perivascular cuffing in the regional central nervous tissue. The location of pathological changes which is related to the site of infection suggested t he possibility that the virus travels centripe ...
... conjunctivitis according to the site of infection. Each lesion was accompanied with focal gliosis and perivascular cuffing in the regional central nervous tissue. The location of pathological changes which is related to the site of infection suggested t he possibility that the virus travels centripe ...
PCR - OIE
... experimentally inoculated with BoHV-2 to elucidate whether a cross reactivity in BoHV-1 ELISA tests could be induced. Serological cross reactivity between BoHV-2 and BoHV-1 might explain epidemiologically some of the non plausible reactions in BoHV-1-free areas in Southern Germany where BoHV-2 is hi ...
... experimentally inoculated with BoHV-2 to elucidate whether a cross reactivity in BoHV-1 ELISA tests could be induced. Serological cross reactivity between BoHV-2 and BoHV-1 might explain epidemiologically some of the non plausible reactions in BoHV-1-free areas in Southern Germany where BoHV-2 is hi ...
limited potential for mosquito transmission of genetically engineered
... A major environmental concern with the use of live-attenuated virus vaccines is the potential for spread of either the vaccine virus or a pathogenic revertant to susceptible hosts. This was documented by the isolation of TC-83, the current IND live-attenuated VEE virus vaccine, from fieldcollected m ...
... A major environmental concern with the use of live-attenuated virus vaccines is the potential for spread of either the vaccine virus or a pathogenic revertant to susceptible hosts. This was documented by the isolation of TC-83, the current IND live-attenuated VEE virus vaccine, from fieldcollected m ...
Biological Materials Shipping Form
... 7. Effective January 2006, shipping papers must be retained by shippers (your office) for two (2) years. You may be required to produce these documents in the event of an inspection by federal agencies. 8. Emergency Response Information a. Chemtrec is our contracted, 24-hour response for emergencies ...
... 7. Effective January 2006, shipping papers must be retained by shippers (your office) for two (2) years. You may be required to produce these documents in the event of an inspection by federal agencies. 8. Emergency Response Information a. Chemtrec is our contracted, 24-hour response for emergencies ...
MACULOPAPULAR 2010
... Measles virus transmitted from respiratory secretion by direct contact OR droplet and air borne transmission mainly in winter and spring. ...
... Measles virus transmitted from respiratory secretion by direct contact OR droplet and air borne transmission mainly in winter and spring. ...
Full Text
... related to pathogen, host and environment might aid for prevention mechanisms [18]. 2.2.1 Host range Lumpy skin disease is primarily a disease of all cattle. Natural infections were also reported in Asian water buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) during the LSD outbreaks in Egypt in 1988, but the morbidity was ...
... related to pathogen, host and environment might aid for prevention mechanisms [18]. 2.2.1 Host range Lumpy skin disease is primarily a disease of all cattle. Natural infections were also reported in Asian water buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) during the LSD outbreaks in Egypt in 1988, but the morbidity was ...
SIX - Beyond Conformity
... longer than thought, up to three years. So the benefit of avoiding measles also extends longer than was appreciated. Researchers also found that measles vaccination campaigns were followed by a drop in deaths for other infectious diseases. Experts said the work is a wake-up call to parents who don't ...
... longer than thought, up to three years. So the benefit of avoiding measles also extends longer than was appreciated. Researchers also found that measles vaccination campaigns were followed by a drop in deaths for other infectious diseases. Experts said the work is a wake-up call to parents who don't ...
Veterinary Student Internship Program (VSIP)
... Initial epidemiological studies on the UK BSE epidemic identified the feeding of either tainted milk replacer or other protein supplements to young calves prior to weaning as the principal source of BSE infection (Wilesmith et al., 1992) and all BSE challenge experiments utilize young animals (Well ...
... Initial epidemiological studies on the UK BSE epidemic identified the feeding of either tainted milk replacer or other protein supplements to young calves prior to weaning as the principal source of BSE infection (Wilesmith et al., 1992) and all BSE challenge experiments utilize young animals (Well ...
The prevention and eradication of smallpox
... recommendations. In modern times, when Princess Diana was photographed hugging a man with AIDS, it showed the world that AIDS patients need not be regarded as ‘lepers’. Ironically, when Edward Jenner developed vaccination, it was taken up much more quickly and widely in post-revolution France than i ...
... recommendations. In modern times, when Princess Diana was photographed hugging a man with AIDS, it showed the world that AIDS patients need not be regarded as ‘lepers’. Ironically, when Edward Jenner developed vaccination, it was taken up much more quickly and widely in post-revolution France than i ...
Biology, Management, and Diseases of Goats
... in neonates and crucial to passive transfer • Functional for the first 36 hours after parturition • Neonatal ruminants are immunocompetent ...
... in neonates and crucial to passive transfer • Functional for the first 36 hours after parturition • Neonatal ruminants are immunocompetent ...
The UK foot-and-mouth disease outbreak — the
... can become carriers of FMD that are persistently infected (and occasionally infectious) for up to 3.5 years depending on the host species37. FMD virus is an RNA virus of the family Picornaviridae (genus Aphthoviridae). It has seven distinct serotypes, between which there is no immunological cross-re ...
... can become carriers of FMD that are persistently infected (and occasionally infectious) for up to 3.5 years depending on the host species37. FMD virus is an RNA virus of the family Picornaviridae (genus Aphthoviridae). It has seven distinct serotypes, between which there is no immunological cross-re ...
Negative Sero-occurrence of Infectious Bursal Disease
... only has 90% sensitivity and 85% specificity, the serological response (or antibody level) maybe too low that is rendered undetectable by the assay. In the case of NDV, the pathogen was isolated in unvaccinated quails suggesting that they can be carriers as no apparent signs were seen after disease ...
... only has 90% sensitivity and 85% specificity, the serological response (or antibody level) maybe too low that is rendered undetectable by the assay. In the case of NDV, the pathogen was isolated in unvaccinated quails suggesting that they can be carriers as no apparent signs were seen after disease ...
1. BSE, "Mad Cow" Disease - Cité des Sciences et de l`Industrie
... Charts show that it is still expanding and that it has not yet reached its maximum spread. As of May 2001, 315 cases have been counted. 74 of these were detected by tests done before any symptoms appeared, and 19 by systematic testing of cows over 30 months old. Yet it is possible that some cases sl ...
... Charts show that it is still expanding and that it has not yet reached its maximum spread. As of May 2001, 315 cases have been counted. 74 of these were detected by tests done before any symptoms appeared, and 19 by systematic testing of cows over 30 months old. Yet it is possible that some cases sl ...
Book Review: Tetyana Obukhanych, PhD immunologist.
... Research in animals had demonstrated that injection of inactivated virus (and most vaccines are made of attenuated or inactivated viruses) was capable of achieving only short duration of protection, during which the serum taken from such animals had virusneutralizing properties. In contrast, inocul ...
... Research in animals had demonstrated that injection of inactivated virus (and most vaccines are made of attenuated or inactivated viruses) was capable of achieving only short duration of protection, during which the serum taken from such animals had virusneutralizing properties. In contrast, inocul ...
Evidence for biotype-specific effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus
... shedding after the challenge, but only one calf first inoculated with ncp virus did so. This difference according to the initial exposure was not statistically significant but worthwhile mentioning. A possible explanation might be that the amounts of specific antibodies in calves at the time of chal ...
... shedding after the challenge, but only one calf first inoculated with ncp virus did so. This difference according to the initial exposure was not statistically significant but worthwhile mentioning. A possible explanation might be that the amounts of specific antibodies in calves at the time of chal ...
Overview of Zoonoses - Los Angeles County Department of Public
... In California, over 45% of human diseases reportable to the California Department of Health Services are zoonoses (table 1). In 1997 it was confirmed that the prion causing bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease) is also responsible for atypical Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). This expan ...
... In California, over 45% of human diseases reportable to the California Department of Health Services are zoonoses (table 1). In 1997 it was confirmed that the prion causing bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease) is also responsible for atypical Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). This expan ...
OIE Biological threat reduction strategy
... introduced into susceptible human or animal populations following a deliberate or accidental release of an infectious agent or toxin. These ‘unnatural’ biological threats1 carry special risks because pathogens may be engineered or released in such a way as to make them more harmful. Although the pro ...
... introduced into susceptible human or animal populations following a deliberate or accidental release of an infectious agent or toxin. These ‘unnatural’ biological threats1 carry special risks because pathogens may be engineered or released in such a way as to make them more harmful. Although the pro ...
Document
... • Appr.1% of sufferers die of the disease • Rift Valley fever was one of more than a dozen agents that the United States researched as potential biological weapons before suspended its biological weapons program ...
... • Appr.1% of sufferers die of the disease • Rift Valley fever was one of more than a dozen agents that the United States researched as potential biological weapons before suspended its biological weapons program ...
IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
... cholera, malaria, polio, H5N1, SARS, measles and HIV/AIDS. Some of these diseases H5N1are promptly brought under control mostly as a result of behavioral change of the susceptible while others like polio and small pox has been eradicated or at least eliminated in most part of the world as a result o ...
... cholera, malaria, polio, H5N1, SARS, measles and HIV/AIDS. Some of these diseases H5N1are promptly brought under control mostly as a result of behavioral change of the susceptible while others like polio and small pox has been eradicated or at least eliminated in most part of the world as a result o ...
Get full text - The SeaDoc Society
... Rinderpest, a morbillivirus closely related to CDV, circulated between wild and domestic animals in Africa and Asia causing massive mortality in both. When a vaccine was developed, there was fear that Rinderpest would never be eradicated because of its sylvatic cycle. Massive vaccination of domestic ...
... Rinderpest, a morbillivirus closely related to CDV, circulated between wild and domestic animals in Africa and Asia causing massive mortality in both. When a vaccine was developed, there was fear that Rinderpest would never be eradicated because of its sylvatic cycle. Massive vaccination of domestic ...
disease risk assessment - Ministry for Primary Industries
... XVII. May 2001). FMD was last recorded in 1935. Release assessment: Based on research in cattle4,5, virus is likely to be present in semen during the incubation and clinical phases of the disease. Levels of virus in the semen are sufficient to infect other cattle by insemination with frozen semen. A ...
... XVII. May 2001). FMD was last recorded in 1935. Release assessment: Based on research in cattle4,5, virus is likely to be present in semen during the incubation and clinical phases of the disease. Levels of virus in the semen are sufficient to infect other cattle by insemination with frozen semen. A ...
virus zika - Biblioteca Minsal
... much of Africa and Asia. Infection with the virus may cause acute febrile illness that clinically resembles dengue fever. A recent study indicated the existence of three geographically distinct viral lineages; however this analysis utilized only a single viral gene. Although ZIKV has been known to c ...
... much of Africa and Asia. Infection with the virus may cause acute febrile illness that clinically resembles dengue fever. A recent study indicated the existence of three geographically distinct viral lineages; however this analysis utilized only a single viral gene. Although ZIKV has been known to c ...
Ebola Virus Ecology
... It has been nearly 30 years since Ebola virus was identified during 2 outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Sudan [1, 2], and it has been closer to 40 years since Marburg virus, the first identified member of the filovirus family, was discovered [3, 4]. Despite investigators’ consi ...
... It has been nearly 30 years since Ebola virus was identified during 2 outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Sudan [1, 2], and it has been closer to 40 years since Marburg virus, the first identified member of the filovirus family, was discovered [3, 4]. Despite investigators’ consi ...
Rinderpest
Rinderpest (also cattle plague or steppe murrain) was an infectious viral disease of cattle, domestic buffalo, and some other species of even-toed ungulates, including buffaloes, large antelope and deer, giraffes, wildebeests, and warthogs. The disease was characterized by fever, oral erosions, diarrhea, tenesmus, lymphoid necrosis, and high mortality. Death rates during outbreaks were usually extremely high, approaching 100% in immunologically naïve populations. Rinderpest was mainly transmitted by direct contact and by drinking contaminated water, although it could also be transmitted by air. After a global eradication campaign, the last confirmed case of rinderpest was diagnosed in 2001.On 14 October 2010, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) announced that field activities in the decades-long, worldwide campaign to eradicate the disease were ending, paving the way for a formal declaration in June 2011 of the global eradication of rinderpest. On 25 May 2011, the World Organisation for Animal Health announced the free status of the last eight countries not yet recognized (a total of 198 countries were now free of the disease), officially declaring the eradication of the disease. In June 2011, the United Nations FAO confirmed the disease was eradicated, making rinderpest only the second disease in history to be fully wiped out, following smallpox.Rinderpest is believed to have originated in Asia, later spreading through the transport of cattle. The term Rinderpest is a German word meaning ""cattle-plague"". The rinderpest virus (RPV) was closely related to the measles and canine distemper viruses.