CLIMATE CHANGE CONSERVATION OF NATURE
... Natural ecosystems provide an enormous range of goods and services that sustain our health and well-being including food, materials, clean air, clean water, nutrient cycling, as well as recreation, education and spiritual uplift. A recent global assessment of human impacts on the world’s ecosystems ...
... Natural ecosystems provide an enormous range of goods and services that sustain our health and well-being including food, materials, clean air, clean water, nutrient cycling, as well as recreation, education and spiritual uplift. A recent global assessment of human impacts on the world’s ecosystems ...
The Hydrological Cycle of the Mediterranean
... In spite of their importance, changes in Sea evaporation and surface fresh water fluxes (potentially a combination of precipitation and evaporation changes) in the recent past, are yet to be fully quantified. A number of previous studies have indicated a long-term increase in Western Mediterranean D ...
... In spite of their importance, changes in Sea evaporation and surface fresh water fluxes (potentially a combination of precipitation and evaporation changes) in the recent past, are yet to be fully quantified. A number of previous studies have indicated a long-term increase in Western Mediterranean D ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED
... would exist through to 2050 under a “no climate change” case. This was compared to the IPCC A2 and B2 scenarios, using data derived from downscaled, regional PRECIS climate model. There were mixed results overall, with temperature generally having the larger unit effect on output. For the A2 scenari ...
... would exist through to 2050 under a “no climate change” case. This was compared to the IPCC A2 and B2 scenarios, using data derived from downscaled, regional PRECIS climate model. There were mixed results overall, with temperature generally having the larger unit effect on output. For the A2 scenari ...
Land Ecosystems and Hydrology
... room for improvement. A recent LSM intercomparison study showed large discrepancies between the predictions made by the various models (Pitman et al. 1993), and it is not clear which formulations are better. Consensus on how LSMs should be formulated and parameterized awaits further testing using lo ...
... room for improvement. A recent LSM intercomparison study showed large discrepancies between the predictions made by the various models (Pitman et al. 1993), and it is not clear which formulations are better. Consensus on how LSMs should be formulated and parameterized awaits further testing using lo ...
Glantz 2004 - Ilan Kelman
... Societies worldwide have increasingly come to realize the extent to which their activities (e.g., industrialization processes and land-use practices) can affect the chemical composition and workings of the atmosphere, from the local to the global level. As a result, an increasing number of governmen ...
... Societies worldwide have increasingly come to realize the extent to which their activities (e.g., industrialization processes and land-use practices) can affect the chemical composition and workings of the atmosphere, from the local to the global level. As a result, an increasing number of governmen ...
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... Climate change is one of the major global policy issues and has been on the policy agenda for more than two decades. The consensus view nowadays predicts an average increase in global temperature of at least 4 degrees centigrade and up to 6 degrees centigrade until the end of this century, if no mea ...
... Climate change is one of the major global policy issues and has been on the policy agenda for more than two decades. The consensus view nowadays predicts an average increase in global temperature of at least 4 degrees centigrade and up to 6 degrees centigrade until the end of this century, if no mea ...
come heat and high water: climate risk in the southeastern us and
... extremely hot days across the region each year—with temperatures above 95°F—will likely increase by as much as 14 times from nine days per year in recent decades to as many as 123 days per year. »»Rising humidity combined with increased heat across the region will likely mean more frequent days that ...
... extremely hot days across the region each year—with temperatures above 95°F—will likely increase by as much as 14 times from nine days per year in recent decades to as many as 123 days per year. »»Rising humidity combined with increased heat across the region will likely mean more frequent days that ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
... accommodate the new climatic realities. All adaptation options considered are quite justifiable in national terms; each had benefit-cost ratios greater than 1. ...
... accommodate the new climatic realities. All adaptation options considered are quite justifiable in national terms; each had benefit-cost ratios greater than 1. ...
climate change and the protection of guatemalan marine
... Also, part of the MARN mandate is to generate all the public policies related to the basin hydrographic, coastal zones, oceans and marine resources, therefore in 2008 the Ministry also elaborated the National Policy for the Integrated Management of Marine Coastal Zones which was approved by the Pres ...
... Also, part of the MARN mandate is to generate all the public policies related to the basin hydrographic, coastal zones, oceans and marine resources, therefore in 2008 the Ministry also elaborated the National Policy for the Integrated Management of Marine Coastal Zones which was approved by the Pres ...
DICE 2013R - Yale Economics
... Fossil fuel use generates CO2 emissions Carbon cycle: redistributes around atmosphere, oceans, etc. Climate system: change in radiative warming, precipitation, ocean currents, sea level rise,… Impacts on ecosystems, agriculture, diseases, skiing, golfing, … Measures to control emissions (limits, ta ...
... Fossil fuel use generates CO2 emissions Carbon cycle: redistributes around atmosphere, oceans, etc. Climate system: change in radiative warming, precipitation, ocean currents, sea level rise,… Impacts on ecosystems, agriculture, diseases, skiing, golfing, … Measures to control emissions (limits, ta ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF LIMITED
... In this study, an attempt is made to assess the economic impact of climate change on Aruba. This study has three main objectives. The first is to examine the factors that influence the demand and supply of tourism in Aruba. The second is to forecast the cost of climate change to the tourism sector u ...
... In this study, an attempt is made to assess the economic impact of climate change on Aruba. This study has three main objectives. The first is to examine the factors that influence the demand and supply of tourism in Aruba. The second is to forecast the cost of climate change to the tourism sector u ...
Full-Text PDF
... typical arid and semi-arid ecosystem located in Northwest China [6–10]. Previous studies indicated that the increased trend of vegetation was related to precipitation rather than temperature [9–11]. However, these studies neglected the potential effects of warming on vegetation growth via the increa ...
... typical arid and semi-arid ecosystem located in Northwest China [6–10]. Previous studies indicated that the increased trend of vegetation was related to precipitation rather than temperature [9–11]. However, these studies neglected the potential effects of warming on vegetation growth via the increa ...
PDF
... some other areas will reduce soil moisture, thereby causing decreases in farm and forestry productivity. These changes affect commodity production. In Canada, for example, output of wheat, other grains, nongrains, livestock, and forest products increases, while in Southeast Asia, output of these com ...
... some other areas will reduce soil moisture, thereby causing decreases in farm and forestry productivity. These changes affect commodity production. In Canada, for example, output of wheat, other grains, nongrains, livestock, and forest products increases, while in Southeast Asia, output of these com ...
Simulating climate change and its effects on the wind energy
... Received 7 October 2009; Revised 28 April 2011; Accepted 6 May 2011 ...
... Received 7 October 2009; Revised 28 April 2011; Accepted 6 May 2011 ...
PDF
... included in Eq. 1, since this equation is only used for prediction purpose with β i calibrated from other empirical models. In the real world, there are many more factors affecting agent’s migration behavior, however, those are not included in order to simplify the model and also because data are no ...
... included in Eq. 1, since this equation is only used for prediction purpose with β i calibrated from other empirical models. In the real world, there are many more factors affecting agent’s migration behavior, however, those are not included in order to simplify the model and also because data are no ...
climate induced migration and displacement in mesoamerica
... time may result in migration (Boncour, 2008). Furthermore, environmental factors are usually intertwined with a large array of other socioeconomic and political motivations, and migrants usually do not move only because of environmental changes, but because of the accumulation of various factors, wi ...
... time may result in migration (Boncour, 2008). Furthermore, environmental factors are usually intertwined with a large array of other socioeconomic and political motivations, and migrants usually do not move only because of environmental changes, but because of the accumulation of various factors, wi ...
appendix - UA Atmospheric Sciences
... Avellano, Betterton, Castro, Dominguez, Mullen1, Ritchie, Zeng Emeritus faculty: Herman2, Krider3 Joint faculty Cole, Comrie, Hirshboeck, Overpeck, Restrepo, Showman, Shuttleworth, Sorooshian, Winter Lecturers Weidman4, Ward4 Research faculty Conant, Cummins, Serra, Sprigg ...
... Avellano, Betterton, Castro, Dominguez, Mullen1, Ritchie, Zeng Emeritus faculty: Herman2, Krider3 Joint faculty Cole, Comrie, Hirshboeck, Overpeck, Restrepo, Showman, Shuttleworth, Sorooshian, Winter Lecturers Weidman4, Ward4 Research faculty Conant, Cummins, Serra, Sprigg ...
Thomas Sheffer Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of
... throughout history, what is different with observed and projected climate change in the late 20th and early 21st centuries is that changes are happening at an accelerated rate, which a strong and credible body of evidence directly links to anthropocentric causes (National Research Council 2010). Gre ...
... throughout history, what is different with observed and projected climate change in the late 20th and early 21st centuries is that changes are happening at an accelerated rate, which a strong and credible body of evidence directly links to anthropocentric causes (National Research Council 2010). Gre ...
Minnesota Climate and Health Profile 2015
... services, fiscal strain, loss of livelihood, and threat to community cohesion ...
... services, fiscal strain, loss of livelihood, and threat to community cohesion ...
Climate Change and Security in Africa - The Africa
... learned and best practices will play important roles. The initiative fits in very much with the EU’s own recognition that climate change is a “threat multiplier which exacerbates existing trends, tensions and instability” in developing countries1. Such tensions include conflict over resources such a ...
... learned and best practices will play important roles. The initiative fits in very much with the EU’s own recognition that climate change is a “threat multiplier which exacerbates existing trends, tensions and instability” in developing countries1. Such tensions include conflict over resources such a ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).