Folie 1 - Hans von Storch
... Time series of pressure-based storminess indices derived from pressure readings in Lund (blue) and Stockholm (red). From top to bottom: Annual number of pressure observations below 980 hPa (Np980), annual number of absolute pressure differences exceeding 16 hPa/12 h (NDp/Dt), Intra-annual 95-percent ...
... Time series of pressure-based storminess indices derived from pressure readings in Lund (blue) and Stockholm (red). From top to bottom: Annual number of pressure observations below 980 hPa (Np980), annual number of absolute pressure differences exceeding 16 hPa/12 h (NDp/Dt), Intra-annual 95-percent ...
Hollowed et al. 2009
... be given greater consideration. Our procedure represents an adaptation of the method developed by Raftery et al. (2005) for combining the results from numerical weather-prediction models for short-term weather forecasts, and is outlined below. The various IPCC model outputs are evaluated and rated, ...
... be given greater consideration. Our procedure represents an adaptation of the method developed by Raftery et al. (2005) for combining the results from numerical weather-prediction models for short-term weather forecasts, and is outlined below. The various IPCC model outputs are evaluated and rated, ...
cordillera azul: transforming communities, forests and
... sustainable economic development with environmental protection by transforming over 3.8 million hectares of threatened forest (an area about the size of the Netherlands) including the 1.35 million hectare Cordillera Azul National Park. We are proud to have helped create real, positive change to the ...
... sustainable economic development with environmental protection by transforming over 3.8 million hectares of threatened forest (an area about the size of the Netherlands) including the 1.35 million hectare Cordillera Azul National Park. We are proud to have helped create real, positive change to the ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
... institutions. Flash floods occur regularly throughout the country, particularly after a long dry spell. More recently, in the years 1988, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, and 2006, major floods inflicted significant losses in terms of human life as well as productive capital. Floods are occurring with greate ...
... institutions. Flash floods occur regularly throughout the country, particularly after a long dry spell. More recently, in the years 1988, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, and 2006, major floods inflicted significant losses in terms of human life as well as productive capital. Floods are occurring with greate ...
Ocean Circulation and Climate: an Overview
... involve its complex carbon cycle and circulation (LeQuéré et al., 2013; Stocker et al., 2013). Similarly to heat sequestration, most oceanic carbon uptake occurs at high latitudes. In the North Atlantic, the formation and sinking of NADW act as a gateway for storing anthropogenic carbon at depth. Th ...
... involve its complex carbon cycle and circulation (LeQuéré et al., 2013; Stocker et al., 2013). Similarly to heat sequestration, most oceanic carbon uptake occurs at high latitudes. In the North Atlantic, the formation and sinking of NADW act as a gateway for storing anthropogenic carbon at depth. Th ...
LOCAL PRODUCT IMPLEMENTATION UPDATE Repackaging CPC …
... NWS mission does not include projections of climate change for the future decades: maximum lead of NWS climate outlooks is 12.5 months for 3 month average temperature or total precipitation NWS local staff is able to provides different educational materials on local customers: – Fact sheets on Clima ...
... NWS mission does not include projections of climate change for the future decades: maximum lead of NWS climate outlooks is 12.5 months for 3 month average temperature or total precipitation NWS local staff is able to provides different educational materials on local customers: – Fact sheets on Clima ...
Climate of Opinion
... “The era of cheap oil and gas is well and truly over - supplies worldwide will begin to run out within a generation and that means imported energy will become more expensive. We need to make a start on renewable energy now as an alternative” net more supportive +71% “The world's not going to start ...
... “The era of cheap oil and gas is well and truly over - supplies worldwide will begin to run out within a generation and that means imported energy will become more expensive. We need to make a start on renewable energy now as an alternative” net more supportive +71% “The world's not going to start ...
Local atmospheric decoupling in complex topography alters climate
... ABSTRACT: Cold air drainage and pooling occur in many mountain valleys, especially at night and during winter. Local climate regimes associated with frequent cold air pooling have substantial impacts on species phenology, distribution and diversity. However, little is known about how the degree and ...
... ABSTRACT: Cold air drainage and pooling occur in many mountain valleys, especially at night and during winter. Local climate regimes associated with frequent cold air pooling have substantial impacts on species phenology, distribution and diversity. However, little is known about how the degree and ...
Causes (“Drivers”) of Climate Change
... be likely to exceed the capacity of natural, managed, and human systems to adapt” (IPCC, 2007) Accept the losses and changes that we must live with because we can’t avoid or adapt to them Injustice: “nations facing rising oceans and drought are those least responsible for the problem, and they h ...
... be likely to exceed the capacity of natural, managed, and human systems to adapt” (IPCC, 2007) Accept the losses and changes that we must live with because we can’t avoid or adapt to them Injustice: “nations facing rising oceans and drought are those least responsible for the problem, and they h ...
PPT 3.0MB
... Evaluate policy alternatives: Impact of introducing conservation practices Impact of introducing incentives ...
... Evaluate policy alternatives: Impact of introducing conservation practices Impact of introducing incentives ...
Potential Causes of Action for Climate Change Impacts Under the
... the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the marine environment . . . which results or is likely to result in such deleterious effects as harm to living resources and marine life . . . hindrance to marine activities, including fishing.60 While rising ocean temper ...
... the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the marine environment . . . which results or is likely to result in such deleterious effects as harm to living resources and marine life . . . hindrance to marine activities, including fishing.60 While rising ocean temper ...
editorial: protected areas as natural solutions to climate change
... Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris in December 2015 (where the agreement to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change was approved by 196 countries and will enter into after ratification by at least 55 countries that account for 55 per cent global emissions ...
... Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris in December 2015 (where the agreement to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change was approved by 196 countries and will enter into after ratification by at least 55 countries that account for 55 per cent global emissions ...
Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review
... changes in the direction and magnitude of climate extremes is generally low, although as the IPCC (2012) points out, low confidence in projections of changes in extremes does not mean that such changes are necessarily unlikely. Similarly, given current limits of understanding of the underlying proce ...
... changes in the direction and magnitude of climate extremes is generally low, although as the IPCC (2012) points out, low confidence in projections of changes in extremes does not mean that such changes are necessarily unlikely. Similarly, given current limits of understanding of the underlying proce ...
Climate Change Reader – 4o collated articles on
... material for translocation and restocking, this is useful reading for anyone concerned with the ecological resilience of their woodland under a changing climate. ...
... material for translocation and restocking, this is useful reading for anyone concerned with the ecological resilience of their woodland under a changing climate. ...
Polarized frames on “climate change” and “global warming” across
... change is fiercely contested (Fielding et al., 2012). Fossil industry lobbyists and conservatives (e.g., Jim Inhofe, Tony Abbott) highlight uncertainties in climate science and question the causes and consequences of climate change. However, although the US media are still debating the authenticity o ...
... change is fiercely contested (Fielding et al., 2012). Fossil industry lobbyists and conservatives (e.g., Jim Inhofe, Tony Abbott) highlight uncertainties in climate science and question the causes and consequences of climate change. However, although the US media are still debating the authenticity o ...
Chapter 14 Tourism, leisure and sport
... means that tourism can be located at high-risk sites. Possible increases in the frequency of major damaging hurricanes might be of particular concern in island communities, e.g. in the Caribbean, where evacuation is impossible or extremely difficult. Tour operators have a “duty of care” to clients, ...
... means that tourism can be located at high-risk sites. Possible increases in the frequency of major damaging hurricanes might be of particular concern in island communities, e.g. in the Caribbean, where evacuation is impossible or extremely difficult. Tour operators have a “duty of care” to clients, ...
NAACP Climate Justice Initiative Toolkit
... has changed very little. The balance of heat-trapping greenhouse gases have remained just right, but today we are having problems keeping this balance due to the burning of fossil fuels to heat our homes, run our cars, produce electricity, and manufacture all sorts of products. Scientists believe th ...
... has changed very little. The balance of heat-trapping greenhouse gases have remained just right, but today we are having problems keeping this balance due to the burning of fossil fuels to heat our homes, run our cars, produce electricity, and manufacture all sorts of products. Scientists believe th ...
The Long Time Scales of Human-Caused Climate Warming: Further
... choices are quite daunting: we can make very large policy commitments now with little visible short-term payback, or we can delay policy action indefinitely (the de facto current strategy), with very large coping and adaptation costs decades and centuries from now. This is the Global Warming Dilemm ...
... choices are quite daunting: we can make very large policy commitments now with little visible short-term payback, or we can delay policy action indefinitely (the de facto current strategy), with very large coping and adaptation costs decades and centuries from now. This is the Global Warming Dilemm ...
AIR NOTES Chapter Overview Questions What layers are found in
... o Glaciers and floating sea ice are melting and shrinking at increasing rates. Warmer temperatures in Alaska, Russia, and the Arctic are melting permafrost releasing more CO2 and CH4 into the troposphere. During the last century, the world’s sea level rose by 10-20 cm, mostly due to runoff from ...
... o Glaciers and floating sea ice are melting and shrinking at increasing rates. Warmer temperatures in Alaska, Russia, and the Arctic are melting permafrost releasing more CO2 and CH4 into the troposphere. During the last century, the world’s sea level rose by 10-20 cm, mostly due to runoff from ...
How Climate Science Became a Victim of the Cold War
... depend on native species for their survival—all of which have now been observed.8 Physical theory and climate models also suggest that global warming may lead to an increase in either the frequency or intensity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, heat waves, and droughts. In the wake of t ...
... depend on native species for their survival—all of which have now been observed.8 Physical theory and climate models also suggest that global warming may lead to an increase in either the frequency or intensity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, heat waves, and droughts. In the wake of t ...
Climate change, food, water and population health in China
... The short-term, direct impact of climate change on health in China is likely to be via increased air temperatures and increased air pollution, which have already substantially increased morbidity and mortality.42 Much of China, especially the east of the country, is affected by severe air pollution ...
... The short-term, direct impact of climate change on health in China is likely to be via increased air temperatures and increased air pollution, which have already substantially increased morbidity and mortality.42 Much of China, especially the east of the country, is affected by severe air pollution ...
A Call to Truth, Prudence, and Protection of the Poor 2014: The
... warming alarmism, corrupting the peer review process, and bullying editors of science journals (even forcing the resignation of one) if they published articles that called alarmism into question (McKitrick 2011; Montford 2010b). Contrary to mainstream media reports and claims by the principals in Cl ...
... warming alarmism, corrupting the peer review process, and bullying editors of science journals (even forcing the resignation of one) if they published articles that called alarmism into question (McKitrick 2011; Montford 2010b). Contrary to mainstream media reports and claims by the principals in Cl ...
Full text in PDF - What is Climate
... “climate” was used for more then two thousand years. As soon as meteorology, as a scientific discipline, had been established in the 18th Century, “climate” was e.g. explained as the total sum of the meteorological phenomena that characterizes the average condition of the atmosphere in a certain pla ...
... “climate” was used for more then two thousand years. As soon as meteorology, as a scientific discipline, had been established in the 18th Century, “climate” was e.g. explained as the total sum of the meteorological phenomena that characterizes the average condition of the atmosphere in a certain pla ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).