The Resilient Earth
... cyanobacteria—developed ways of fixing nitrogen and freeing oxygen. Cyanobacteria, also called blue-green alga, developed a way to use light as an energy source (see Illustration 30). This natural process is called photosynthesis, and it is the same mechanism used by green plants today. Energy from ...
... cyanobacteria—developed ways of fixing nitrogen and freeing oxygen. Cyanobacteria, also called blue-green alga, developed a way to use light as an energy source (see Illustration 30). This natural process is called photosynthesis, and it is the same mechanism used by green plants today. Energy from ...
CV - Princeton University
... Climate change and environmental pollution: physical and biological interactions. Climatic Change, 15, 255. ...
... Climate change and environmental pollution: physical and biological interactions. Climatic Change, 15, 255. ...
A critical assessment of George Monbiot`s scheme for a 90 per cent
... desperately do we cling to our manufactured selves that we fear relinquishing them more than we fear the consequences of climate change. This helps to explain the chasm between the complacency of ordinary people and the rising panic among climate scientists and clear-eyed environmentalists. Monbiot ...
... desperately do we cling to our manufactured selves that we fear relinquishing them more than we fear the consequences of climate change. This helps to explain the chasm between the complacency of ordinary people and the rising panic among climate scientists and clear-eyed environmentalists. Monbiot ...
2. The Irish Response to Climate Change
... economy. The second stage, unsurprisingly not officially acknowledged, seems to have been a retreat from this strategy and a return to ‘business as usual’. The third stage began with a new National Strategy document issued in 2007. The fourth stage, recently concluded, was an effort by the Minister ...
... economy. The second stage, unsurprisingly not officially acknowledged, seems to have been a retreat from this strategy and a return to ‘business as usual’. The third stage began with a new National Strategy document issued in 2007. The fourth stage, recently concluded, was an effort by the Minister ...
Biomimicry - Strategic Energy Innovations.
... eliminate the sonic boom caused by high-speed bullet trains exiting the station, they looked at the aerodynamics of the Kingfisher bird’s beak. Engineers redesigned the front of the train to mimic the bird’s beak, eliminating the sonic boom. Perhaps the most famous example of using nature as a sourc ...
... eliminate the sonic boom caused by high-speed bullet trains exiting the station, they looked at the aerodynamics of the Kingfisher bird’s beak. Engineers redesigned the front of the train to mimic the bird’s beak, eliminating the sonic boom. Perhaps the most famous example of using nature as a sourc ...
PDF
... and all kind of services disruptions, changes in consumers’ habits, etc. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recognizes the detrimental consequences of climate change but under-sizes the SLR’s consequences. For Burbidge (2013 p.189)) “precipitation and storm patterns are expected in ...
... and all kind of services disruptions, changes in consumers’ habits, etc. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recognizes the detrimental consequences of climate change but under-sizes the SLR’s consequences. For Burbidge (2013 p.189)) “precipitation and storm patterns are expected in ...
Historical Overview of Climate Change Science
... sunlight strikes the atmosphere at a lower angle. Energy is transported from the equatorial areas to higher latitudes via atmospheric and oceanic circulations, including storm systems. Energy is also required to evaporate water from the sea or land surface, and this energy, called latent heat, is re ...
... sunlight strikes the atmosphere at a lower angle. Energy is transported from the equatorial areas to higher latitudes via atmospheric and oceanic circulations, including storm systems. Energy is also required to evaporate water from the sea or land surface, and this energy, called latent heat, is re ...
The State of the Cryosphere
... Although each theme stands alone there are similar themes that run throughout each section, particularly the focus on how recent cryospheric changes have been monitored using techniques such as remote sensing. The material in each section acts as a primer for the associated reading list outlined bel ...
... Although each theme stands alone there are similar themes that run throughout each section, particularly the focus on how recent cryospheric changes have been monitored using techniques such as remote sensing. The material in each section acts as a primer for the associated reading list outlined bel ...
ALEC Quote - Union of Concerned Scientists
... the problem of global warming. Climate experts from around the world synthesize the most recent climate science findings in periodic reports. In 2014, IPCC concluded that “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal” and that “It is extremely likely [95-100% probability] that more than half of the ...
... the problem of global warming. Climate experts from around the world synthesize the most recent climate science findings in periodic reports. In 2014, IPCC concluded that “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal” and that “It is extremely likely [95-100% probability] that more than half of the ...
TIBET`S NOMADIC PASTORALISTS
... The Tibetan Plateau’s extreme environmental conditions make for a unique ecological context for pastoralism. The semi-arid and arid rangelands of the region are subject to high seasonal and inter-annual variability and intensity of summer rainfall and winter snowfall, the latter a critical variable ...
... The Tibetan Plateau’s extreme environmental conditions make for a unique ecological context for pastoralism. The semi-arid and arid rangelands of the region are subject to high seasonal and inter-annual variability and intensity of summer rainfall and winter snowfall, the latter a critical variable ...
CLIMATE CHANGE IN NORTHERN AFRICA
... At high northern latitudes the temperature change triggered by orbital forcing was presumably amplified by internal feedbacks, in particular by a synergism between temperature changes owing to a reduction in Arctic sea-ice and an expansion in boreal vegetation (Claussen, 2001). Summer precipitation ...
... At high northern latitudes the temperature change triggered by orbital forcing was presumably amplified by internal feedbacks, in particular by a synergism between temperature changes owing to a reduction in Arctic sea-ice and an expansion in boreal vegetation (Claussen, 2001). Summer precipitation ...
Activity 5 How Do Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in the
... amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. For a long time humans have been adding a lot of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels.This has especially increased in the past couple of centuries. Before the Industrial Revolution, carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosph ...
... amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. For a long time humans have been adding a lot of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels.This has especially increased in the past couple of centuries. Before the Industrial Revolution, carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosph ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change - European Commission
... account of these effects. 1 IPCC (2007) “Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis”, IPCC Fourth Assessment Report ...
... account of these effects. 1 IPCC (2007) “Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis”, IPCC Fourth Assessment Report ...
climate change risks
... Sea levels have risen faster between 1993 and 2011 than during the 20th century as a whole. World ocean temperatures have increased, increasing the volume of ocean water and contributing to sea-level rise. Sea-surface temperatures around Australia have increased faster than the global average. Sea-s ...
... Sea levels have risen faster between 1993 and 2011 than during the 20th century as a whole. World ocean temperatures have increased, increasing the volume of ocean water and contributing to sea-level rise. Sea-surface temperatures around Australia have increased faster than the global average. Sea-s ...
PHYC 40050 Environmental Physics
... For the next two decades a warming of about 0.2°C per decade is projected ... It is very likely that hot extremes, heat waves, and heavy precipitation events will continue to become more frequent. PHYC 40050 Environmental Physics ...
... For the next two decades a warming of about 0.2°C per decade is projected ... It is very likely that hot extremes, heat waves, and heavy precipitation events will continue to become more frequent. PHYC 40050 Environmental Physics ...
OCR - Geographical Association
... conflict and persecution have increased the number of refugees ...
... conflict and persecution have increased the number of refugees ...
Vulnerability to climate change in three hot spots in Africa and Asia
... Climate change is widely predicted to have significant and far-reaching impacts, with differences in vulnerability and exposure to these impacts arising from non-climate stressors and multi-dimensional inequalities. Poorer developing countries and their populations are likely to suffer disproportion ...
... Climate change is widely predicted to have significant and far-reaching impacts, with differences in vulnerability and exposure to these impacts arising from non-climate stressors and multi-dimensional inequalities. Poorer developing countries and their populations are likely to suffer disproportion ...
INFLUENCE OF LONG- AND SHORT
... in both the summer and winter seasons for past 100 years show the presence of two large waves in temperature decreases during the summer time (1920s–1930s and 1970s–1980s) and coincident with them were temperature increases during the winter seasons. Klimenko (1992) explains these by finding that si ...
... in both the summer and winter seasons for past 100 years show the presence of two large waves in temperature decreases during the summer time (1920s–1930s and 1970s–1980s) and coincident with them were temperature increases during the winter seasons. Klimenko (1992) explains these by finding that si ...
rapid climate change
... Before the programme, computer models had shown that this heat conveyor produces a substantially warmer climate in western Europe than would otherwise be the case. The models also show that increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may cause the circulation to slow, and according to the UN’s Int ...
... Before the programme, computer models had shown that this heat conveyor produces a substantially warmer climate in western Europe than would otherwise be the case. The models also show that increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may cause the circulation to slow, and according to the UN’s Int ...
rapid climate change - BADC
... Before the programme, computer models had shown that this heat conveyor produces a substantially warmer climate in western Europe than would otherwise be the case. The models also show that increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may cause the circulation to slow, and according to the UN’s Int ...
... Before the programme, computer models had shown that this heat conveyor produces a substantially warmer climate in western Europe than would otherwise be the case. The models also show that increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may cause the circulation to slow, and according to the UN’s Int ...
Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization
... temperature, and food, and characteristics of spawning) and day-to-day variability in stream conditions. 3. We illustrate the model using Piedmont headwater streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed of the USA, projecting ten scenarios: Baseline (low urbanization; no on-going construction; and present ...
... temperature, and food, and characteristics of spawning) and day-to-day variability in stream conditions. 3. We illustrate the model using Piedmont headwater streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed of the USA, projecting ten scenarios: Baseline (low urbanization; no on-going construction; and present ...
U.S. Global Change Research Program · 1717 Pennsylvania... Washington, D.C. 20006 USA · 1-202-223-6262 (voice) ·...
... The Earth’s climate is changing. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date scientific assessment of this issue, stating with “very high confidence” that human activities such as fossil fuel burning and de ...
... The Earth’s climate is changing. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date scientific assessment of this issue, stating with “very high confidence” that human activities such as fossil fuel burning and de ...
how banks can seize opportunities in climate and green
... investment toward low carbon and climate resilient projects and assets. In addition, as part of the agreement, signatories to the agreement have produced nationally determined commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that will inevitably incentivize or discourage certain economic activities. W ...
... investment toward low carbon and climate resilient projects and assets. In addition, as part of the agreement, signatories to the agreement have produced nationally determined commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that will inevitably incentivize or discourage certain economic activities. W ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).