Modeling Climate Change Impacts on Viti Levu (Fiji) and Aitutaki
... Fig. 1.4: Inter-related components of the AIACC project for Pacific islands........................................................ 3 Fig. 2.1: Scenarios of CO2 gas emissions and consequential atmospheric concentrations of CO2 (from IPCC, 2001)........................................................ ...
... Fig. 1.4: Inter-related components of the AIACC project for Pacific islands........................................................ 3 Fig. 2.1: Scenarios of CO2 gas emissions and consequential atmospheric concentrations of CO2 (from IPCC, 2001)........................................................ ...
Selection of Climate Models for Developing - hi
... the CORDEX framework all RCM ensemble members have difficulties reproducing observed climatic trends in the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra basins, and that the GCMs, which provide the boundary conditions for the RCMs, in general simulate winter climate in the region better than the CORDEX RCMs. From ...
... the CORDEX framework all RCM ensemble members have difficulties reproducing observed climatic trends in the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra basins, and that the GCMs, which provide the boundary conditions for the RCMs, in general simulate winter climate in the region better than the CORDEX RCMs. From ...
Ingénierie planétaire : fuite en avant ou solution d`avenir au
... Why methane? 1. Second largest GHG in terms of RF 2. Significant anthropogenic emissions from a variety of sectors (agriculture, landfill, coal mining, conventional natural gas exploitation, shale gas exploitation) with some opportunities for mitigation 3. Multi-gas abatement strategies mostly sens ...
... Why methane? 1. Second largest GHG in terms of RF 2. Significant anthropogenic emissions from a variety of sectors (agriculture, landfill, coal mining, conventional natural gas exploitation, shale gas exploitation) with some opportunities for mitigation 3. Multi-gas abatement strategies mostly sens ...
Mega-Stress for Mega-Cities
... Climate change is arguably the greatest global threat to sustainable development and natural resource management that we face today. The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is now the highest in at least 800,000 years, primarily due to anthropogenic activities such as fossil fuel burni ...
... Climate change is arguably the greatest global threat to sustainable development and natural resource management that we face today. The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is now the highest in at least 800,000 years, primarily due to anthropogenic activities such as fossil fuel burni ...
Financial Services and Climate-Resilient Value Chains: The case of
... service providers, as they may themselves be negatively affected by the impacts of climate change (Allianz Group & World Wildlife Fund, 2005; Finley & Shuchard, n.d.). In addition to the direct effects of climate extremes on institutional infrastructure and operations, these institutions potentially ...
... service providers, as they may themselves be negatively affected by the impacts of climate change (Allianz Group & World Wildlife Fund, 2005; Finley & Shuchard, n.d.). In addition to the direct effects of climate extremes on institutional infrastructure and operations, these institutions potentially ...
4 Anthropogenic Changes and the Global Carbon Cycle
... C cycle through environmental stresses and perturbations to other global biogeochemical cycles. The observed response of the global climate system to this change during the 20th century, expressed in terms of global mean temperature, is modest (+0.6°C) but has already led to detectable impacts.3 The ...
... C cycle through environmental stresses and perturbations to other global biogeochemical cycles. The observed response of the global climate system to this change during the 20th century, expressed in terms of global mean temperature, is modest (+0.6°C) but has already led to detectable impacts.3 The ...
Why countries move on with kyoto protocol w/o the US, Global
... Despite the unwillingness of the United States to embrace the Kyoto Protocol, other Annex In3 countries continue down the road that was pointed out in Kyoto. To enter into force the treaty must be ratified by at least 55 countries, including Annex I countries responsible for at least 55 percent of ...
... Despite the unwillingness of the United States to embrace the Kyoto Protocol, other Annex In3 countries continue down the road that was pointed out in Kyoto. To enter into force the treaty must be ratified by at least 55 countries, including Annex I countries responsible for at least 55 percent of ...
here - Environmental Law Australia
... likely emissions from these mines are significant at a national level in comparison with other actions in Australia contributing to global warming. Dowsett J accepted the delegate’s evidence, found that his approach was lawful, and dismissed the application for judicial review. His Honour concluded ...
... likely emissions from these mines are significant at a national level in comparison with other actions in Australia contributing to global warming. Dowsett J accepted the delegate’s evidence, found that his approach was lawful, and dismissed the application for judicial review. His Honour concluded ...
Psychological barriers and climate change action
... In spite of the increased public awareness, knowledge, and concern we still have not seen widespread action on behalf of individuals either in their role as consumers or in the role as citizens. The discussion addresses possible reasons for this inaction on behalf of the public tracing the role of i ...
... In spite of the increased public awareness, knowledge, and concern we still have not seen widespread action on behalf of individuals either in their role as consumers or in the role as citizens. The discussion addresses possible reasons for this inaction on behalf of the public tracing the role of i ...
The evolution of, and revolution in, land surface schemes designed
... the most common uses of climate models is to explore the impact of perturbations caused by human activity. Increasing carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is one such example, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; Houghton et al., 2001) provide a comprehensive assessment of this area, including ...
... the most common uses of climate models is to explore the impact of perturbations caused by human activity. Increasing carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is one such example, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; Houghton et al., 2001) provide a comprehensive assessment of this area, including ...
i4332e05
... Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) crop modelling software (Jones et al., 2003) to climate model data, to see how crop yields of major crops would be affected by climate change, not accounting for market effects, technological changes or adaptation. The second was to use a large global partial equilibr ...
... Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) crop modelling software (Jones et al., 2003) to climate model data, to see how crop yields of major crops would be affected by climate change, not accounting for market effects, technological changes or adaptation. The second was to use a large global partial equilibr ...
Nitrogen and phosphorous limitations significantly reduce future
... with earlier ecological studies [Hedin, 2004] and field observations at different latitudes [LeBauer and Treseder, 2008]. Evaluation using results from free-air CO2 experiments also showed that CABLE with NP limitation satisfactorily reproduced the observed response of photosynthetic carbon uptake to ...
... with earlier ecological studies [Hedin, 2004] and field observations at different latitudes [LeBauer and Treseder, 2008]. Evaluation using results from free-air CO2 experiments also showed that CABLE with NP limitation satisfactorily reproduced the observed response of photosynthetic carbon uptake to ...
Diabetes and Climate Change Report
... Climate change and its rapid progression in recent decades threaten the health and survival of our planet and its ecosystems, and thus humans. There is now unequivocal evidence for humaninduced climate change. The process of industrialisation has led to widespread increases in the use of fossil fuel ...
... Climate change and its rapid progression in recent decades threaten the health and survival of our planet and its ecosystems, and thus humans. There is now unequivocal evidence for humaninduced climate change. The process of industrialisation has led to widespread increases in the use of fossil fuel ...
Background papers
... recently passed legislation strictly prohibiting it. Going down this road would put us in the company of Russia which requires service providers to routinely store the weblogs of all their customers. Also, the bulk retention of data makes it more vulnerable – the Joint Committee on the Draft Communi ...
... recently passed legislation strictly prohibiting it. Going down this road would put us in the company of Russia which requires service providers to routinely store the weblogs of all their customers. Also, the bulk retention of data makes it more vulnerable – the Joint Committee on the Draft Communi ...
Antarctic precipitation and climate-change predictions: horizontal
... term ‘multi-model’ will be used for ‘multi-simulations’. Models vary in terms of treatment of the climate-system physics and in terms of resolution. The meridional resolution ranges from 1.28 to 48, with an average of 2.58. Horizontal resolution is generally not perfectly isotropic, particularly at ...
... term ‘multi-model’ will be used for ‘multi-simulations’. Models vary in terms of treatment of the climate-system physics and in terms of resolution. The meridional resolution ranges from 1.28 to 48, with an average of 2.58. Horizontal resolution is generally not perfectly isotropic, particularly at ...
Business Responses to Climate Change in Developing Countries: A
... Carbon Disclosure Project 2011, instigated by 551 institutional investors with assets of US $71 trillion, CDP sent the more than 6,100 questionnaires to the world’s largest corporations requesting information on GHG emissions. There were 3,375 corporations in some 60 countries from mostly developed ...
... Carbon Disclosure Project 2011, instigated by 551 institutional investors with assets of US $71 trillion, CDP sent the more than 6,100 questionnaires to the world’s largest corporations requesting information on GHG emissions. There were 3,375 corporations in some 60 countries from mostly developed ...
Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short
... Change (UNFCCC) requires climate policies to “be costeffective so as to ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost” and that “policies and measures should . . . be comprehensive . . . [and] . . . cover all relevant sources, sinks and reservoirs”. This was made operational by the Kyoto Protoc ...
... Change (UNFCCC) requires climate policies to “be costeffective so as to ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost” and that “policies and measures should . . . be comprehensive . . . [and] . . . cover all relevant sources, sinks and reservoirs”. This was made operational by the Kyoto Protoc ...
National Park Service - Montana State University
... climate change, and they will continue to do so in the future. At large scales, climate governs the distribution of vegetation across the landscape and acts as a strong control of important biophysical conditions (e.g., extent of mountain glaciers) and ecosystem processes (e.g., area burned by fire) ...
... climate change, and they will continue to do so in the future. At large scales, climate governs the distribution of vegetation across the landscape and acts as a strong control of important biophysical conditions (e.g., extent of mountain glaciers) and ecosystem processes (e.g., area burned by fire) ...
Effects of Climate Change in Amphibians and Reptiles
... precipitation and temperature rise), and 4) increase in rainfall variation. This would affect organisms at population and community levels. As an example Carey & Bryant (1995) found that the individual growth rate, reproductive effort, and life span could change, with a parallel change in the activi ...
... precipitation and temperature rise), and 4) increase in rainfall variation. This would affect organisms at population and community levels. As an example Carey & Bryant (1995) found that the individual growth rate, reproductive effort, and life span could change, with a parallel change in the activi ...
Perceptions of Climate Change Adaptation from the Great Lakes
... contribute to species losses at local and global scales, climate change in the coming decades will likely supplant habitat loss as the primary threat to biodiversity ~Leadley et al., 2010!. Climate change is also increasing storm intensities and the frequency of drought and heat waves, changing fire ...
... contribute to species losses at local and global scales, climate change in the coming decades will likely supplant habitat loss as the primary threat to biodiversity ~Leadley et al., 2010!. Climate change is also increasing storm intensities and the frequency of drought and heat waves, changing fire ...
I am sorry to say that global warming is not just "hot air"
... Good weather records extend back less than 150 years in most places. In that time, the Earth's global average temperature has increased by approximately 0.5 degrees centigrade or 0.9 degrees Fahrenheit. This figure shows direct observations of global temperatures since the 1850s. ...
... Good weather records extend back less than 150 years in most places. In that time, the Earth's global average temperature has increased by approximately 0.5 degrees centigrade or 0.9 degrees Fahrenheit. This figure shows direct observations of global temperatures since the 1850s. ...
Document
... decomposes organic matter. About ¼ of global methane emissions from human activities comes from livestock and the decomposition of animal manure. Fossil Fuels – The supply and use of fossil fuels (burning of coal, natural gas and oil) accounts for about ¾ of humankind’s CO2 emissions. Industrial ...
... decomposes organic matter. About ¼ of global methane emissions from human activities comes from livestock and the decomposition of animal manure. Fossil Fuels – The supply and use of fossil fuels (burning of coal, natural gas and oil) accounts for about ¾ of humankind’s CO2 emissions. Industrial ...
Systems thinking methodology in researching the impacts of climate
... It is widely recognized that climate change is uncertain and its consequences are complexity. The systemic problems of these impacts on livestock production cannot be solved simply by using technical solutions. Recently, many researches have been looking at using systems approaches to examine the im ...
... It is widely recognized that climate change is uncertain and its consequences are complexity. The systemic problems of these impacts on livestock production cannot be solved simply by using technical solutions. Recently, many researches have been looking at using systems approaches to examine the im ...
Eleven Antitheses on Cities and States
... Obviously supply and demand, production and consumption, are related pairings of single processes – you cannot have one without the other. The question is, for both theory and practice, how is each part of the pairing handled in terms of balance? Table 1 suggests a severe imbalance in mainstream sci ...
... Obviously supply and demand, production and consumption, are related pairings of single processes – you cannot have one without the other. The question is, for both theory and practice, how is each part of the pairing handled in terms of balance? Table 1 suggests a severe imbalance in mainstream sci ...
PDF
... The second relevant modelling feature is the game-theoretic set up. WITCH is able to produce two different solutions. The first is the so-called globally optimal solution, which assumes that countries fully cooperate on global externalities. The second is a decentralised solution that is strategical ...
... The second relevant modelling feature is the game-theoretic set up. WITCH is able to produce two different solutions. The first is the so-called globally optimal solution, which assumes that countries fully cooperate on global externalities. The second is a decentralised solution that is strategical ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).