compare - CURRENT ZOOLOGY
... Abstract Cases of imperfect or non-model mimicry are common in plants and animals and challenge intuitive assumptions about the nature of directional selection on mimics. Many non-rewarding flower species do not mimic a particular species, but attract pollinators through ‘generalised food deception’ ...
... Abstract Cases of imperfect or non-model mimicry are common in plants and animals and challenge intuitive assumptions about the nature of directional selection on mimics. Many non-rewarding flower species do not mimic a particular species, but attract pollinators through ‘generalised food deception’ ...
28.3 What Are The Effects Of Predator–Prey Interactions?
... Community interactions influence evolutionary change. • When members of different populations interact with one another, they may influence each other’s ability to survive and reproduce. • Community interactions, therefore, serve as agents of natural selection. • Predators tend to kill members of ...
... Community interactions influence evolutionary change. • When members of different populations interact with one another, they may influence each other’s ability to survive and reproduce. • Community interactions, therefore, serve as agents of natural selection. • Predators tend to kill members of ...
eports - University of Rhode Island
... species’ native range (something that can occur when the host plant is itself exotic). It is also possible that competing native and exotic species may respond differently to spatial and temporal separation. Generally, spatiotemporal co-occurrence increases competition due to a lack of niche partiti ...
... species’ native range (something that can occur when the host plant is itself exotic). It is also possible that competing native and exotic species may respond differently to spatial and temporal separation. Generally, spatiotemporal co-occurrence increases competition due to a lack of niche partiti ...
Trade-offs and Biological Diversity: Integrative Answers to
... coexistence without ecological divergence challenge a central ecological premise that species can only coexist if they have different ecological niches. Niches have an inherent appeal because they describe what we can all see – species with different ecological strategies living together, or apart. ...
... coexistence without ecological divergence challenge a central ecological premise that species can only coexist if they have different ecological niches. Niches have an inherent appeal because they describe what we can all see – species with different ecological strategies living together, or apart. ...
SresStTe 2 2 5 5 ` i ^ f £ £ S S ° fr ?\l Z- T f , V -
... antagonism. Several instances of positive association between larval trematode species have also been observed. In such cases, interference with host defense mechanisms by the first parasite appears to enhance superinfection by the second. My own study of the larval trematode guild that infects the ...
... antagonism. Several instances of positive association between larval trematode species have also been observed. In such cases, interference with host defense mechanisms by the first parasite appears to enhance superinfection by the second. My own study of the larval trematode guild that infects the ...
Secondary succession is influenced by belowground insect
... Faculty of Biology, Department of Animal Ecology, PhilippsUniversity Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany ...
... Faculty of Biology, Department of Animal Ecology, PhilippsUniversity Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany ...
View/Open - Oregon State University
... modify infectious disease prevalence and risk through either an amplification or a dilution effect ...
... modify infectious disease prevalence and risk through either an amplification or a dilution effect ...
Behavioral differences between two ant cricket species in Nansei
... ants (Sakai and Terayama, 1995; Akino et al., 1996), it was likely that there would be abundant opportunities for them to take in sugar-rich liquid as food. For these reasons, we used sugared water for the experiment. The ant larvae and the dead insect were placed on the floor of the container, and ...
... ants (Sakai and Terayama, 1995; Akino et al., 1996), it was likely that there would be abundant opportunities for them to take in sugar-rich liquid as food. For these reasons, we used sugared water for the experiment. The ant larvae and the dead insect were placed on the floor of the container, and ...
Equal partnership: two trematode species, not one, manipulate the
... We compared the relative distribution of the two echinostome species among different locations in the foot and in the rest of the cockle. Looking instead at the numbers of metacercariae per gram of tissue would have yielded similar results. It is interesting to note, however, that because of the way ...
... We compared the relative distribution of the two echinostome species among different locations in the foot and in the rest of the cockle. Looking instead at the numbers of metacercariae per gram of tissue would have yielded similar results. It is interesting to note, however, that because of the way ...
Competition among native and invasive Impatiens species: the roles
... suggested that some invading species can exploit resources not used by plants in resident communities (empty niche hypothesis; Elton 1958; Lambdon et al. 2008), which results in minimizing or even avoiding competitive interactions with co-occurring species (MacArthur 1972; Crawley 1987; MacDougall e ...
... suggested that some invading species can exploit resources not used by plants in resident communities (empty niche hypothesis; Elton 1958; Lambdon et al. 2008), which results in minimizing or even avoiding competitive interactions with co-occurring species (MacArthur 1972; Crawley 1987; MacDougall e ...
How Wild is Vild Campus - Det Natur
... The foraging pattern and preference is not consistent either for all bees. Solitary bees have a significantly shorter fly range than the social bees (Krewenka et al 2011), as there is a positive correlation between the body size and fly range of a bee (Greenleaf et al 2007). There are oligolectic be ...
... The foraging pattern and preference is not consistent either for all bees. Solitary bees have a significantly shorter fly range than the social bees (Krewenka et al 2011), as there is a positive correlation between the body size and fly range of a bee (Greenleaf et al 2007). There are oligolectic be ...
16: 228-235
... of the species that have been recorded in this community (48 out of 56) appear to depend upon M. luisana plants for recruitment. These include species of several functional groups – shrubs, succulents plants such as Agave and cacti, perennial climbing vines, and perennial herbs (Verdú and Valiente-B ...
... of the species that have been recorded in this community (48 out of 56) appear to depend upon M. luisana plants for recruitment. These include species of several functional groups – shrubs, succulents plants such as Agave and cacti, perennial climbing vines, and perennial herbs (Verdú and Valiente-B ...
INSECTS ON PLANTS: Diversity of Herbivore Assemblages Revisited
... Plant Traits and Local Assemblages Plant size and architecture affect the number of associated herbivore species (Strong et al. 1984). In some local studies, larger plant individuals (Cytrynowicz 1991) or species (Marquis 1991) were shown to support more herbivore species, whereas in other studies, ...
... Plant Traits and Local Assemblages Plant size and architecture affect the number of associated herbivore species (Strong et al. 1984). In some local studies, larger plant individuals (Cytrynowicz 1991) or species (Marquis 1991) were shown to support more herbivore species, whereas in other studies, ...
Pollinators in Rangelands
... rangelands. However, pollinators are undergoing a number of challenges that threaten these services. Our intent in organizing and editing this special issue of Rangelands is to provide those working in rangeland ecosystems information about why pollination is important to rangelands, why rangelands ...
... rangelands. However, pollinators are undergoing a number of challenges that threaten these services. Our intent in organizing and editing this special issue of Rangelands is to provide those working in rangeland ecosystems information about why pollination is important to rangelands, why rangelands ...
Negative dietary effects of Colorado potato
... decemlineata Say). The guild of aphidophagous ladybirds includes two native species, Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville and Coccinella transversoguttata Brown. Recently, an introduced species, Coccinella septempunctata L., has invaded and apparently displaced its native congener. A second exotic ...
... decemlineata Say). The guild of aphidophagous ladybirds includes two native species, Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville and Coccinella transversoguttata Brown. Recently, an introduced species, Coccinella septempunctata L., has invaded and apparently displaced its native congener. A second exotic ...
WHAT`S NEW IN Biological Control of Weeds?
... we have not quantified their effect on leafroller establishment and population growth, it seems likely that parasitoids are limiting the moth’s impact on boneseed at sites where predation is less intense,” said Quentin. We are not aware of any research about interactions between the leafroller and s ...
... we have not quantified their effect on leafroller establishment and population growth, it seems likely that parasitoids are limiting the moth’s impact on boneseed at sites where predation is less intense,” said Quentin. We are not aware of any research about interactions between the leafroller and s ...
Predation, Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism
... Predation one eats another (Herbivores eat plants. ...
... Predation one eats another (Herbivores eat plants. ...
Mutualism, Facilitation, and the Structure of Ecological Communities
... acilitative, or positive, interactions are encounters between organisms that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. Such interactions are considered “mutualisms” when both species derive benefit from the interaction. Positive interactions are ubiquitous: They may lie at ...
... acilitative, or positive, interactions are encounters between organisms that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. Such interactions are considered “mutualisms” when both species derive benefit from the interaction. Positive interactions are ubiquitous: They may lie at ...
Copyright Information
... • See also www.weedmanager.co.uk or www.arableplants.fieldguide.co.uk www.saffie.info ...
... • See also www.weedmanager.co.uk or www.arableplants.fieldguide.co.uk www.saffie.info ...
Pollination and other ecosystem services produced by effects of land-use change
... surrounding the remnants of the original habitat will have a strong influence on individual pollinator movements. For example, a sufficiently large matrix that is devoid of flowers may act as a barrier for pollinator movement, while one occupied by a mass-flowering crop can promote connectivity and ...
... surrounding the remnants of the original habitat will have a strong influence on individual pollinator movements. For example, a sufficiently large matrix that is devoid of flowers may act as a barrier for pollinator movement, while one occupied by a mass-flowering crop can promote connectivity and ...
Pollination and other ecosystem services produced by mobile
... surrounding the remnants of the original habitat will have a strong influence on individual pollinator movements. For example, a sufficiently large matrix that is devoid of flowers may act as a barrier for pollinator movement, while one occupied by a mass-flowering crop can promote connectivity and ...
... surrounding the remnants of the original habitat will have a strong influence on individual pollinator movements. For example, a sufficiently large matrix that is devoid of flowers may act as a barrier for pollinator movement, while one occupied by a mass-flowering crop can promote connectivity and ...
Pollination and other ecosystem services produced by mobile
... surrounding the remnants of the original habitat will have a strong influence on individual pollinator movements. For example, a sufficiently large matrix that is devoid of flowers may act as a barrier for pollinator movement, while one occupied by a mass-flowering crop can promote connectivity and ...
... surrounding the remnants of the original habitat will have a strong influence on individual pollinator movements. For example, a sufficiently large matrix that is devoid of flowers may act as a barrier for pollinator movement, while one occupied by a mass-flowering crop can promote connectivity and ...
Interactions between Micro- and Macroparasites Predict
... records of the same host-parasite combination from different sampling periods or locations). These records represented 145 primate host species and 623 parasite species, and they came from 517 references. Importantly, data collation was restricted to studies of free-living primate populations; sampl ...
... records of the same host-parasite combination from different sampling periods or locations). These records represented 145 primate host species and 623 parasite species, and they came from 517 references. Importantly, data collation was restricted to studies of free-living primate populations; sampl ...
- Wiley Online Library
... most likely, however, is difficult, partly because a plant’s fitness is determined by interactions with many different organisms, which might be differently affected by the transgene. Furthermore, selection processes usually require a relatively long time to become obvious, making them difficult to ...
... most likely, however, is difficult, partly because a plant’s fitness is determined by interactions with many different organisms, which might be differently affected by the transgene. Furthermore, selection processes usually require a relatively long time to become obvious, making them difficult to ...
Coevolution
In biology, coevolution is ""the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object"". In other words, when changes in at least two species' genetic compositions reciprocally affect each other’s evolution, coevolution has occurred.There is evidence for coevolution at the level of populations and species. Charles Darwin briefly described the concept of coevolution in On the Origin of Species (1859) and developed it in detail in Fertilisation of Orchids (1862). It is likely that viruses and their hosts coevolve in various scenarios.However, there is little evidence of coevolution driving large-scale changes in Earth's history, since abiotic factors such as mass extinction and expansion into ecospaces seem to guide the shifts in the abundance of major groups. One proposed specific example was the evolution of high-crowned teeth in grazers when grasslands spread through North America - long held up as an example of coevolution. We now know that these events happened independently.Coevolution can occur at many biological levels: it can be as microscopic as correlated mutations between amino acids in a protein or as macroscopic as covarying traits between different species in an environment. Each party in a coevolutionary relationship exerts selective pressures on the other, thereby affecting each other's evolution. Coevolution of different species includes the evolution of a host species and its parasites (host–parasite coevolution), and examples of mutualism evolving through time. Evolution in response to abiotic factors, such as climate change, is not biological coevolution (since climate is not alive and does not undergo biological evolution).The general conclusion is that coevolution may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity seen in normal populations including: blood-plasma polymorphism, protein polymorphism, histocompatibility systems, etc.The parasite/host relationship probably drove the prevalence of sexual reproduction over the more efficient asexual reproduction. It seems that when a parasite infects a host, sexual reproduction affords a better chance of developing resistance (through variation in the next generation), giving sexual reproduction viability for fitness not seen in the asexual reproduction, which produces another generation of the organism susceptible to infection by the same parasite.Coevolution is primarily a biological concept, but researchers have applied it by analogy to fields such as computer science, sociology / international political economy and astronomy.