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Lecture notes -
Lecture notes -

03 September: Distances to Stars, Light Years and Parsecs
03 September: Distances to Stars, Light Years and Parsecs

... A little over 8 minutes ...
Energy Levels in Atoms
Energy Levels in Atoms

... can be the same brightness as a red star if they have the same size but the red star is much closer. •If you get the distance from parallax, then you can tell the size from the color and apparent brightness. •Since most stars are many light years away, their parallaxes are small fractions of an arcs ...
Stars PowerPoint
Stars PowerPoint

... • The Sun contains most of the mass in the solar system and is made up primarily of hydrogen and helium. • Astronomers learn about conditions inside the Sun by a combination of observation and theoretical models. • The Sun’s atmosphere consists of the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona. • ...
Lecture 7 Formation of the Solar System Nebular Theory
Lecture 7 Formation of the Solar System Nebular Theory

... • Their random velocities average out into the nebula’s direction of rotation. => Orderly motion • The spinning nebula assumes the shape of a disk. ...
Blackbody radiation Temperature of stars
Blackbody radiation Temperature of stars

... Each degree of freedom contributes ½kT to the energy of a system, where possible degrees of freedom are those associated with translation, rotation and vibration of molecules ...
Solar System Scale - Siemens Science Day
Solar System Scale - Siemens Science Day

... 14. Wrap-up Activity: Lead the students in a discussion about scale models. Ask them if they have any models in their homes. Mention train sets, model airplanes and ships, or maps. Remind them that scale models are used to represent or demonstrate great size or distance on a smaller, more easily und ...
Study Guide- Tools of Astronomy
Study Guide- Tools of Astronomy

... 11. A. List AND Explain the steps of stellar evolution. B. List the type of fuel associated with each step. C. List the sequence of evolution for high and low mass stars. 12. List, in order, the steps of hydrogen fusion. ...
Astronomy 112: The Physics of Stars Class 4 Notes: Energy and
Astronomy 112: The Physics of Stars Class 4 Notes: Energy and

... and Helmholtz, who first pointed out its importance. The meaning of tKH is that it is the time for which a star could be powered by gravity alone without its radius changing very much. Similarly, if we have a star that is not in energy balance for some reason, so that Lnuc  L, then tKH tells us abo ...
THERMAL STABILITY OF LOW MASS STARS
THERMAL STABILITY OF LOW MASS STARS

... the normal main sequence stars are thermally stable, while models on the high density branch are thermally unstable. The transition from stability to instability coincides with the turning point of the main sequence, where a minimum mass is reached. This is just as expected from a general relation b ...
Session 4 – Nebular Theory
Session 4 – Nebular Theory

Seasons1 - KC
Seasons1 - KC

... Height of Sun for USA Winter: The Sun rises in the southeast, stays low in the sky, and sets in the southwest. Spring: The Sun rises due east, moves higher in the sky than in winter, and sets due west. Summer: The Sun rises in the northeast, travels high (near zenith), and sets in the northwest. Fa ...
History of the Universe (in 10 minutes)
History of the Universe (in 10 minutes)

answer
answer

White Dwarf Stars After nuclear burning ceases, a post
White Dwarf Stars After nuclear burning ceases, a post

... pulsations, the amplitudes involved are not large enough to be detectable. The exception occurs in extremely massive (M > 90M⊙ ) stars, where the sensitivity of the ϵ-mechanism to temperature is enough to cause large oscillations and possibly disrupt the star. Under most circumstances, stars have Kr ...
Lecture 4 Hydrostatic equilibrium
Lecture 4 Hydrostatic equilibrium

... temperature of a star, but they provide an order of magnitude. After all, without any prior knowledge it would be difficult to guess whether the central pressure of the Sun was 1010, 1020, or 1030 N m-2 ! In fact the estimates are reasonably (in the case of the temperature, fortuitously) accurate: r ...
HS-ESS1 Earth`s Place in the Universe
HS-ESS1 Earth`s Place in the Universe

... ESS1.A: The Universe and Its Stars  The star called the sun is changing and will burn out over a lifespan of approximately 10 billion years. (HS-ESS1-1)  The study of stars’ light spectra and brightness is used to identify compositional elements of stars, their movements, and their distances from ...
Ch18 Life - UCF Physics
Ch18 Life - UCF Physics

... Night and Day No major orbital disruptions Occasional mass extinctions are OK – But not too often…. ...
regan-gas-10jul2010
regan-gas-10jul2010

... • BUT!!! 4He can fuse with 2 other 4He (8Be) stuck together for a short time (~10-16sec) to make 12C…complicated but understood. ...
Nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in gamma ray bursts
Nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in gamma ray bursts

Lecture2 - University of Waterloo
Lecture2 - University of Waterloo

... gravitational pull of the mass to which it is “attracted”. • We define a mass as being able to escape if it can move to an infinite distance just when its velocity reaches zero. At this point its net energy is zero and so we have: ...
Gen1_14 - Amador Bible Studies
Gen1_14 - Amador Bible Studies

Lect15-3-23-11-stars..
Lect15-3-23-11-stars..

High Striker  - Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago
High Striker - Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago

... Clyde the Alien (named for Clyde Tombaugh, the discoverer of Pluto) needs to gather resources from each of the planets in the solar system before delivering them all to the Sun. Make your spaceship stop at each planet to collect the resources below; each one is a significant compound found on each p ...
UV SURFACE ENVIRONMENT OF EARTH
UV SURFACE ENVIRONMENT OF EARTH

... planets through geological time and therefore the conditions for the origin and evolution of life. Depending on the intensity, UV radiation can be both useful and harmful to life as we know it. UV radiation can inhibit photosynthesis and cause damage to DNA and other macromolecule damage [1,2]. Howe ...
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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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