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The Life Cycles of Stars MEDIUM STARS MASSIVE STARS
The Life Cycles of Stars MEDIUM STARS MASSIVE STARS

The Life Cycles of Stars, Part I
The Life Cycles of Stars, Part I

... begin to occur, temporarily halting the collapse of the core. However, when the core becomes essentially just iron, it has nothing left to fuse (because of iron's nuclear structure, it does not permit its atoms to fuse into heavier elements) and fusion ceases. In less than a second, the star begins ...
origin of the solar system - Breakthrough Science Society
origin of the solar system - Breakthrough Science Society

... jority of satellites move about the planets that of the orbit nearest to it in the direcin a similar fashion. Even Saturn’s rings tion of the sun. The distances of the planeshare in the common motion. tary orbits are given more accurately by the Next, there had come a new concept, very ‘Bode law’, w ...
v A v A
v A v A

... If aperture > 10 cm, then diffraction = 1 arcsec This is about the limit imposed by the atmosphere ...
Midterm Study Game
Midterm Study Game

... system revolve around the sun. Galileo also helped confirm this with his trusty telescope! ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... 5989.045 Å 6044.433 Å 6619.943 Å ...
Mercury
Mercury

... Earth- 3rd planet from the sun • Average distance from the Sun: 149,597,890 km (called 1 astronomical unit, or AU). • Earth orbits the Sun in 365.26 days, and rotates once on its axis each 23 hours 56 minutes. • Earth is the 5th largest planet in our solar system, and only slightly larger than Venu ...
Solutions
Solutions

... Suppose someone claimed to make the discoveries described below. (These are not real discoveries.) Decide whether each discovery should be considered reasonable or surprising. Explain clearly; not all these have definitive answers, so your explanation is more important than your chosen answer. 19. A ...
– 1 – 1. A Gas
– 1 – 1. A Gas

... The equation of hydrostatic equilibrium cannot be integrated, even near the surface, as we need an equation of state to specify the relationship between P and T . In some cases we can asssume P ∝ ρm , independent of T , where m = 1 + 1/n, and n is called the polytropic index. The adiabatic case, P V ...
Lives of the Stars Lecture 3: What makes a star?
Lives of the Stars Lecture 3: What makes a star?

... The results of the experiment were astonishing. Davis detected only about a third of the expected number of neutrinos! In his Nobel Prize lecture (2002), Raymond Davis says “The solar neutrino problem lasted from 1967–2001. Over this period neither the measured flux nor the predicted flux changed s ...
observatory - Science Presenters Central
observatory - Science Presenters Central

... Features of the ACTIVE Sun: The Sun’s atmosphere is periodically changed by its magnetic fields, and the most common features of these changes are sunspots. These are areas of the photosphere that appear dark because they are cooler than the rest of the Sun’s lower atmosphere. Most of the time, the ...
Solar System Model and
Solar System Model and

Focus Plan - Texarkana Independent School District
Focus Plan - Texarkana Independent School District

... video at http://www.nasa.gov/ called Mars: a feast for the eyes. Explain to students that Mars may be the next planet for human colonization but that we are looking at many others. During this activity, they will be learning about other planets in our solar system in the hopes of finding one we can ...
Our Solar System - World Book Online
Our Solar System - World Book Online

The Earth – which picture is correct?
The Earth – which picture is correct?

... • The Universe is made up of a number of spheres, like the layers of an onion. • The Sun, planets and stars are attached to these spheres and move around the sky as the spheres move around the Earth. • The Sun and Moon always move eastwards on their spheres. • Inferior planets move eastwards then re ...
29 August: Getting Oriented, Astronomical Coordinate Systems
29 August: Getting Oriented, Astronomical Coordinate Systems

Our Fun Sun - Environmental Science Institute
Our Fun Sun - Environmental Science Institute

New light on our Sun`s fate - Space Telescope Science Institute
New light on our Sun`s fate - Space Telescope Science Institute

... One of the most remarkable properties of white dwarf stars is their density. The mass of a typical white dwarf is about half that of the Sun, but its size is similar to Earth’s. So, the density of white-dwarf matter can be a million times higher than the Sun’s average. Because white dwarf densities ...
Astronomy 112: The Physics of Stars Class 17 Notes: Core Collapse
Astronomy 112: The Physics of Stars Class 17 Notes: Core Collapse

... Converting protons to neutrons is via β decays is possible, and in fact it is the first step in the pp-chain. However, as we learned studying that reaction, β decays are slow, and in the few seconds that it takes for the shock to propagate through the star, there is not enough time for them to occur ...
The Virial Theorem
The Virial Theorem

... •  During  the  contrac-on  –Ω  increases,  and  so  does  U.     •  The  virial  theorem  shows  that  half  of  the  gravita2onal  energy  is   used  to  heat  the  gas  (i.e.  ΔU=−ΔΩ/2  ).     ...
Quiz 3 Feedback Electron Jumps in Atoms Emission and absorption
Quiz 3 Feedback Electron Jumps in Atoms Emission and absorption

... • Spectral types are defined by which absorption lines of various elements, ions, and molecules, are seen in a star’s spectrum and the relative strengths of these lines. • Spectral type is not (usually) determined by composition. • Instead, the vast majority of stars have the same surface compositio ...
Astronomy_Stellar_Evolution_and_Type_II_Supernovae_Exam
Astronomy_Stellar_Evolution_and_Type_II_Supernovae_Exam

... indirect detection of gravitational radiation of binary star systems. 5) A remnant produced from a Supernova Explosion, consisting of approximately 3 to 14 solar masses. In this case, the material density has exceeded neutron degeneracy pressure. 6) Spectral class K or M, with luminosities that can ...
4. Star formation 4.1 Jeans` criterion
4. Star formation 4.1 Jeans` criterion

presentation source
presentation source

Lecture 12: Age, Metalicity, and Observations Abundance
Lecture 12: Age, Metalicity, and Observations Abundance

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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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