MULLINEAUXLossOfTheSPHF2011FINAL
... Conclusions/Significance: This is the first example of a gene that affects the maintenance of the thylakoid membranes specifically under high light, and which displays a phenotype dependent on light intensity. Our results demonstrate that Slr1768 has a leading role in acclimatisation, linking light ...
... Conclusions/Significance: This is the first example of a gene that affects the maintenance of the thylakoid membranes specifically under high light, and which displays a phenotype dependent on light intensity. Our results demonstrate that Slr1768 has a leading role in acclimatisation, linking light ...
Embodied Computation Applying the Physics of Computation to Artificial Morphogenesis
... CAMs and SAMs or flexibility in deploying them. However it is plausible that migration of artificial agents will be primarily be means of control of local adhesion. But we may have to adapt some morphogenetic processes to accommodate artificial agents with more limited locomotive abilities than thei ...
... CAMs and SAMs or flexibility in deploying them. However it is plausible that migration of artificial agents will be primarily be means of control of local adhesion. But we may have to adapt some morphogenetic processes to accommodate artificial agents with more limited locomotive abilities than thei ...
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Delivery System for
... membranous space and the lumen) is based in principle on general genetic and biomolecular techniques. Proteins tagged with signal peptides of the general secretory or twin-arginine translation system at their N-termini are thought to be translocated across the inner membrane and eventually are targe ...
... membranous space and the lumen) is based in principle on general genetic and biomolecular techniques. Proteins tagged with signal peptides of the general secretory or twin-arginine translation system at their N-termini are thought to be translocated across the inner membrane and eventually are targe ...
Cortical cell fate specification
... Walsh and Cepko, 1988; Walsh and Cepko, 1992), although separate precursors for neurons and glia have also been described (Davis and Temple, 1994; Luskin et al., 1993; Luskin et al., 1988; Price and Thurlow, 1988; Williams and Price, 1995). There are several mechanisms that might ...
... Walsh and Cepko, 1988; Walsh and Cepko, 1992), although separate precursors for neurons and glia have also been described (Davis and Temple, 1994; Luskin et al., 1993; Luskin et al., 1988; Price and Thurlow, 1988; Williams and Price, 1995). There are several mechanisms that might ...
Identification of fat-cell enhancer regions in Drosophila melanogaster
... is detected in single cells in the ventral mesoderm (arrow) and later persists as nine clusters of cells. (C) Lateral and (D) dorsal view of a stage-12 embryo. (C) Reporter gene activity persists in bilateral clusters of cells located in PS 3–11, which are the ventral secondary cell clusters, and is ...
... is detected in single cells in the ventral mesoderm (arrow) and later persists as nine clusters of cells. (C) Lateral and (D) dorsal view of a stage-12 embryo. (C) Reporter gene activity persists in bilateral clusters of cells located in PS 3–11, which are the ventral secondary cell clusters, and is ...
NETosis: how vital is it?
... (ERK) pathway. NADPH assists in the translocation of neutrophil elastase from cytosolic granules into the nucleus where it aids in chromatin breakdown via histone cleavage. MPO is required for chromatin and nuclear envelope breakdown and granular mixing within the NET vacuole. Following 120 minutes ...
... (ERK) pathway. NADPH assists in the translocation of neutrophil elastase from cytosolic granules into the nucleus where it aids in chromatin breakdown via histone cleavage. MPO is required for chromatin and nuclear envelope breakdown and granular mixing within the NET vacuole. Following 120 minutes ...
Inhibitory Regulation of Higher-Plant Myosin by
... of this myosin. From these results, it is suggested that the 18-kD polypeptide, which is likely to be CaM, is associated with the 170-kD heavy chain as a light chain. It is also suggested that this polypeptide is involved in the regulation of this myosin by Ca21. This is the first biochemical basis, ...
... of this myosin. From these results, it is suggested that the 18-kD polypeptide, which is likely to be CaM, is associated with the 170-kD heavy chain as a light chain. It is also suggested that this polypeptide is involved in the regulation of this myosin by Ca21. This is the first biochemical basis, ...
Ciliogenesis and the DNA damage response: a stressful relationship
... of UV-induced DNA lesions [52–54]. Recent studies suggest that ATM can also act as a versatile protein kinase during cytoplasmic signalling processes [55], and ATM may therefore have a “non-canonical DDR” ciliary role that maintains genome stability and mediates cellular responses to various other c ...
... of UV-induced DNA lesions [52–54]. Recent studies suggest that ATM can also act as a versatile protein kinase during cytoplasmic signalling processes [55], and ATM may therefore have a “non-canonical DDR” ciliary role that maintains genome stability and mediates cellular responses to various other c ...
Arabidopsis thaliana mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 is involved
... (MAPK Group, 2002), from which MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 play important roles both in stress and developmental responses (Colcombet and Hirt, 2008). In particular, MPK6 has been found to participate in bacterial and fungal resistance (Nuhse et al., 2000; Asai et al., 2002; Menke et al., 2004; Wan et al. ...
... (MAPK Group, 2002), from which MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 play important roles both in stress and developmental responses (Colcombet and Hirt, 2008). In particular, MPK6 has been found to participate in bacterial and fungal resistance (Nuhse et al., 2000; Asai et al., 2002; Menke et al., 2004; Wan et al. ...
T Molecular Basis of Muscle Structure C 12
... Mhc7 heterozygotes resulting in myofibrillar abnormalities.12,13 Small aggregates of well-organized arrays of thick and thin filaments are surrounded by out-of-register peripheral thin filaments.13 The IFM of heterozygotes for null alleles of other myofibrillar protein genes (e.g., actin, RLC) also ...
... Mhc7 heterozygotes resulting in myofibrillar abnormalities.12,13 Small aggregates of well-organized arrays of thick and thin filaments are surrounded by out-of-register peripheral thin filaments.13 The IFM of heterozygotes for null alleles of other myofibrillar protein genes (e.g., actin, RLC) also ...
... appear to be correlated with exosome-like compartments derived from multivesicular bodies. Extracellular vesicles manifested various sizes and morphologies, including electron-lucid membrane bodies and electrondense vesicles. Seventy-six proteins were identified by proteomic analysis, including seve ...
Xylem Structure and Function
... surface of the primary wall is covered by secondary wall, except for small areas called pits. In the lateral walls of such vessel elements, and the walls of tracheids (mostly radial walls), the pits occur in pit-pairs with the pits of neighbouring cells precisely aligned (Figure 3). A pit membrane, ...
... surface of the primary wall is covered by secondary wall, except for small areas called pits. In the lateral walls of such vessel elements, and the walls of tracheids (mostly radial walls), the pits occur in pit-pairs with the pits of neighbouring cells precisely aligned (Figure 3). A pit membrane, ...
Cdc2-mediated Schwann cell migration during peripheral nerve
... expressing wt- or dn-Cdc2 cDNA together with green fluorescence protein (GFP) reporter, Schwann cells were implanted into the injury site of the sciatic nerve. Infected Schwann cells were identified in the sciatic nerve sections by visualizing GFP. GFP-expressing Schwann cells were found at differen ...
... expressing wt- or dn-Cdc2 cDNA together with green fluorescence protein (GFP) reporter, Schwann cells were implanted into the injury site of the sciatic nerve. Infected Schwann cells were identified in the sciatic nerve sections by visualizing GFP. GFP-expressing Schwann cells were found at differen ...
Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering
... Department of Plant Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bülowsvej, 17-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark ...
... Department of Plant Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bülowsvej, 17-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark ...
Gibberellins accumulate in the elongating endodermal cells of
... to test whether the strategy used for GA3 labeling is also effective for other bioactive GAs. Thus, GA4 was labeled with fluorescein similarly to GA3-Fl (Fig. 1G) and tested for its activity. The fluorescent conjugate (GA4-Fl) had comparable activity to GA4 with respect to germination (Fig. 1H) and ro ...
... to test whether the strategy used for GA3 labeling is also effective for other bioactive GAs. Thus, GA4 was labeled with fluorescein similarly to GA3-Fl (Fig. 1G) and tested for its activity. The fluorescent conjugate (GA4-Fl) had comparable activity to GA4 with respect to germination (Fig. 1H) and ro ...
Chlorophyll Breakdown Branches Out: Identification
... does not mean burial at sea, but rather means interment in the vacuole. There, FCCs undergo non-enzymatic isomerization to NCCs (nonfluorescent chlorophyll catabolites). In addition to its function in hazardous waste disposal, chlorophyll breakdown remobilizes nitrogen, and emerging research hints t ...
... does not mean burial at sea, but rather means interment in the vacuole. There, FCCs undergo non-enzymatic isomerization to NCCs (nonfluorescent chlorophyll catabolites). In addition to its function in hazardous waste disposal, chlorophyll breakdown remobilizes nitrogen, and emerging research hints t ...
Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering
... Department of Plant Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bülowsvej, 17-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark ...
... Department of Plant Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bülowsvej, 17-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark ...
PDF
... transdifferentiation of β cells from α or δ cells occurs in conditions of extreme β cell loss (Thorel et al., 2010; Chera et al., 2014). Likewise, with some limitations, α and β cells can be interconverted through gain or loss of key pancreatic transcription factors, including Arx, Pax4 and Pdx1 (Co ...
... transdifferentiation of β cells from α or δ cells occurs in conditions of extreme β cell loss (Thorel et al., 2010; Chera et al., 2014). Likewise, with some limitations, α and β cells can be interconverted through gain or loss of key pancreatic transcription factors, including Arx, Pax4 and Pdx1 (Co ...
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation
... hydrolysis of the plant cell wall takes place in the curled region (Callaham and Torrey, 1981; Van Spronsen et al., 1994), and the plasma membrane invaginatesand new plant cell wall material is deposited (for reviews, see Bauer, 1981; Newcomb, 1981; Brewin, 1991; Kijne, 1992). This results in the fo ...
... hydrolysis of the plant cell wall takes place in the curled region (Callaham and Torrey, 1981; Van Spronsen et al., 1994), and the plasma membrane invaginatesand new plant cell wall material is deposited (for reviews, see Bauer, 1981; Newcomb, 1981; Brewin, 1991; Kijne, 1992). This results in the fo ...
Focus Question: After meiosis happens in humans, the gametes
... Why your body can not use mitosis to make sperm or eggs 1. Remember that a typical cell in your body has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of homologous chromosomes). Suppose that human sperm and eggs were produced by mitosis. How many chromosomes would each sperm or egg have? ____ 2. If a sperm of this type ...
... Why your body can not use mitosis to make sperm or eggs 1. Remember that a typical cell in your body has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of homologous chromosomes). Suppose that human sperm and eggs were produced by mitosis. How many chromosomes would each sperm or egg have? ____ 2. If a sperm of this type ...
Two Microtubule-Associated Proteins of the
... appeared in single separated filaments (Fig. 2, E and F). Therefore, we concluded that the phenomena of microtubule bundling and microtubule crisscrossing, respectively, were caused by the addition of AtMAP65-1 and AtMAP65-6 fusion proteins. To further test the effect of these MAPs on microtubule or ...
... appeared in single separated filaments (Fig. 2, E and F). Therefore, we concluded that the phenomena of microtubule bundling and microtubule crisscrossing, respectively, were caused by the addition of AtMAP65-1 and AtMAP65-6 fusion proteins. To further test the effect of these MAPs on microtubule or ...
Inside A Cell
... • The cell membrane is the thin layer around the cell that holds organelles in place. • Cell membranes are semi-permeable, meaning that only certain particles are allowed to pass through them. • The cell membrane is the gatekeeper of the cell. • Lipids are organic compounds like fats and waxes that ...
... • The cell membrane is the thin layer around the cell that holds organelles in place. • Cell membranes are semi-permeable, meaning that only certain particles are allowed to pass through them. • The cell membrane is the gatekeeper of the cell. • Lipids are organic compounds like fats and waxes that ...
The Plant Journal
... the regulation of the dynamin GTPase activity (Barylko et al., 1998). Moreover, the interaction of the PXXP motifs with scaffolding proteins such as amphiphysin is important for the recruitment of dynamin to the site of clathrincoated vesicle formation (Shupliakov et al., 1997). Several plant dynami ...
... the regulation of the dynamin GTPase activity (Barylko et al., 1998). Moreover, the interaction of the PXXP motifs with scaffolding proteins such as amphiphysin is important for the recruitment of dynamin to the site of clathrincoated vesicle formation (Shupliakov et al., 1997). Several plant dynami ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.