A rapid and robust assay for detection of S
... effectively be determined by flow cytometry after isolation of nuclei. In animal cell cultures, high quality and intact nuclei preparations can be relatively easily obtained in hypotonic buffers with detergents. In plants, however, cell walls pose a significant barrier for nuclei isolation. To allev ...
... effectively be determined by flow cytometry after isolation of nuclei. In animal cell cultures, high quality and intact nuclei preparations can be relatively easily obtained in hypotonic buffers with detergents. In plants, however, cell walls pose a significant barrier for nuclei isolation. To allev ...
Autoregulation of Actin Synthesis by Physiological
... to Eppendorf test tubes, mixed, placed on ice for 15 min, and homogenized using a syringe. Thereafter, the homogenates were spun for 45 min at 100 000 g and 4°C. Small amounts (10-50 μΐ) of supernatants were mixed with 20 μΐ of DNase I solution (0.1 g/l in 50 mmol/1 Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 0.2 mmol/1, CaC ...
... to Eppendorf test tubes, mixed, placed on ice for 15 min, and homogenized using a syringe. Thereafter, the homogenates were spun for 45 min at 100 000 g and 4°C. Small amounts (10-50 μΐ) of supernatants were mixed with 20 μΐ of DNase I solution (0.1 g/l in 50 mmol/1 Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 0.2 mmol/1, CaC ...
OCTOPUS, a polarly localised membrane
... The final differentiation of specific cell types from vascular precursor cells is not a synchronous process, but rather starts from distinct locations within the plant. For example, after germination, the differentiation of Arabidopsis protophloem precursor cells into mature protophloem sieve elemen ...
... The final differentiation of specific cell types from vascular precursor cells is not a synchronous process, but rather starts from distinct locations within the plant. For example, after germination, the differentiation of Arabidopsis protophloem precursor cells into mature protophloem sieve elemen ...
Transport of intravenously-injected ferritin across the guinea
... abandoned. The dose of ferritin used in the study (1-2 ml.) did not produce any depression in the level of consciousness and allowed the animals to recover quickly. Guinea-pigs were killed with ether followed by intracardiac nembutal, at 10 min., 30 min., 60 min., 90 min., 24 hrs, 2 days, 5 days, an ...
... abandoned. The dose of ferritin used in the study (1-2 ml.) did not produce any depression in the level of consciousness and allowed the animals to recover quickly. Guinea-pigs were killed with ether followed by intracardiac nembutal, at 10 min., 30 min., 60 min., 90 min., 24 hrs, 2 days, 5 days, an ...
TRANSMEMBRANE ADAPTOR PROTEINS: ORGANIZERS OF
... an early block in thymocyte development (at doublenegative stage 3, DN3); therefore, most thymic T cells do not reach the double-positive stage, at which selection processes occur in normal animals13. This results from a loss of signalling capacity of the pre-TCR, which is required for early thymic ...
... an early block in thymocyte development (at doublenegative stage 3, DN3); therefore, most thymic T cells do not reach the double-positive stage, at which selection processes occur in normal animals13. This results from a loss of signalling capacity of the pre-TCR, which is required for early thymic ...
The water of life: osmoregulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... vacuolar membranes in the maintenance of osmotic balance. Subsequently, we discuss cross- ...
... vacuolar membranes in the maintenance of osmotic balance. Subsequently, we discuss cross- ...
Sorting between the ER and Golgi
... of either HeLa or Vero cells. 120-180 minutes after incubation at 37°C, cycloheximide was added (100 µg/ml final concentration) and cells were imaged with or without the addition of ascorbate-2phosphate to a final concentration of 50 µg/ml. This concentration was found to give the most reproducible ...
... of either HeLa or Vero cells. 120-180 minutes after incubation at 37°C, cycloheximide was added (100 µg/ml final concentration) and cells were imaged with or without the addition of ascorbate-2phosphate to a final concentration of 50 µg/ml. This concentration was found to give the most reproducible ...
Chapter 2 Inositol and Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharide
... of the supplied radiolabeled glucose. Partial redistribution of 14C, primarily between carbon 1 and carbon 6 of labeled constituents, is a process characteristic of hexose/triose phosphate metabolism (Krook et al., 1998, 2000; Shibko and Edelman, 1957). The labeled MI was injected into ripening stra ...
... of the supplied radiolabeled glucose. Partial redistribution of 14C, primarily between carbon 1 and carbon 6 of labeled constituents, is a process characteristic of hexose/triose phosphate metabolism (Krook et al., 1998, 2000; Shibko and Edelman, 1957). The labeled MI was injected into ripening stra ...
Degradation of the plant cell wall by nematodes
... Protein extracts and exudates from a number of phytoparasitic and fungal-feeding nematode species contained cellulolytic, amylolytic, chitinolytic, and pectolytic enzyme activity, suggesting the potential for endogenous production and secretion of cell wall-degrading enzymes from nematodes. Since th ...
... Protein extracts and exudates from a number of phytoparasitic and fungal-feeding nematode species contained cellulolytic, amylolytic, chitinolytic, and pectolytic enzyme activity, suggesting the potential for endogenous production and secretion of cell wall-degrading enzymes from nematodes. Since th ...
Inositol and Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharide Biogenesis
... of the supplied radiolabeled glucose. Partial redistribution of 14C, primarily between carbon 1 and carbon 6 of labeled constituents, is a process characteristic of hexose/triose phosphate metabolism (Krook et al., 1998, 2000; Shibko and Edelman, 1957). The labeled MI was injected into ripening stra ...
... of the supplied radiolabeled glucose. Partial redistribution of 14C, primarily between carbon 1 and carbon 6 of labeled constituents, is a process characteristic of hexose/triose phosphate metabolism (Krook et al., 1998, 2000; Shibko and Edelman, 1957). The labeled MI was injected into ripening stra ...
The mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in rat islets of
... that MAPKs also function to transduce non-mitogenic signals, and they have been implicated in stimulus-secretion coupling in several cell types 12-41. The roles played by the major serinehhreonine protein kinases (CAMK, PKC, PKA) in signal transduction processes in pancreatic p cells have been exami ...
... that MAPKs also function to transduce non-mitogenic signals, and they have been implicated in stimulus-secretion coupling in several cell types 12-41. The roles played by the major serinehhreonine protein kinases (CAMK, PKC, PKA) in signal transduction processes in pancreatic p cells have been exami ...
Significance of hydrolytic enzymes expressed during xylem
... conducting cells lacked secondary thickenings (Edwards 1986). As the protoplast of a living cell greatly impedes water conductance (Raven 1993), it can be assumed that those structures were dead empty cell corpses. Conduits that are supported by secondary cell wall thickenings, the characteristic of ...
... conducting cells lacked secondary thickenings (Edwards 1986). As the protoplast of a living cell greatly impedes water conductance (Raven 1993), it can be assumed that those structures were dead empty cell corpses. Conduits that are supported by secondary cell wall thickenings, the characteristic of ...
Mark scheme F211 Cells, Exchange and Transport June 2014
... ribosomes rough endoplasmic reticulum (NOT RER for QWC) transcription (and derivatives) translation (and derivatives) ...
... ribosomes rough endoplasmic reticulum (NOT RER for QWC) transcription (and derivatives) translation (and derivatives) ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... wood are critical factors that determine its material properties and hence its suitability for a specific end use in the wood-processing industry. Wood structure is established during xylogenesis as a result of cambial activity. Wood is formed through a series of precisely regulated developmental st ...
... wood are critical factors that determine its material properties and hence its suitability for a specific end use in the wood-processing industry. Wood structure is established during xylogenesis as a result of cambial activity. Wood is formed through a series of precisely regulated developmental st ...
Assembly of AO and DHAS - Journal of Cell Science
... the AO and DHAS from the pellet (Fig. 1C) and no the only species that crosses the peroxisomal membrane. peroxisomal membrane (Fig. 1D). In summary, there is little Having shown that AO is imported as a monomer and DHAS cross contamination between cytosol (in the SUP), matrix and as a dimer, we next ...
... the AO and DHAS from the pellet (Fig. 1C) and no the only species that crosses the peroxisomal membrane. peroxisomal membrane (Fig. 1D). In summary, there is little Having shown that AO is imported as a monomer and DHAS cross contamination between cytosol (in the SUP), matrix and as a dimer, we next ...
MULTICELL REACTORS
... Experiments were run with this unit where high excess heat (>30%) were measured. Others have tried to measure its heat in flow-through calorimeters but it does not perform as well in such systems. This is because such systems require the cell to be run in at an enclosed cell with bath temperature aro ...
... Experiments were run with this unit where high excess heat (>30%) were measured. Others have tried to measure its heat in flow-through calorimeters but it does not perform as well in such systems. This is because such systems require the cell to be run in at an enclosed cell with bath temperature aro ...
Cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells: From laboratory
... are preferred; for example, ventricular cells are needed to evaluate drugs that have Torsades de Pointe liabilities or for transplantation after myocardial infarction. In this regard, there have been recent exciting developments. Birket and colleagues [33] combined a complex but elegant double trans ...
... are preferred; for example, ventricular cells are needed to evaluate drugs that have Torsades de Pointe liabilities or for transplantation after myocardial infarction. In this regard, there have been recent exciting developments. Birket and colleagues [33] combined a complex but elegant double trans ...
Hereditary neutropenia - University of Washington
... The protease cathepsin C, also known as dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI), cleaves a remaining two residue pro sequence, in a step corresponding to zymogen activation [22,23]. The C-terminus consists of a 20-residue tail that is normally excised and is required neither for granule localization nor enzym ...
... The protease cathepsin C, also known as dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI), cleaves a remaining two residue pro sequence, in a step corresponding to zymogen activation [22,23]. The C-terminus consists of a 20-residue tail that is normally excised and is required neither for granule localization nor enzym ...
From the regulation of peptidoglycan synthesis to bacterial growth
... as much as 40–50% of the total peptidoglycan material is removed every generation by the action of peptido glycan hydrolases, and lytic transglycosylases are major contributors to this process20. The soluble fragments that are removed from the sacculus are reused via an efficient peptidoglycan-recy ...
... as much as 40–50% of the total peptidoglycan material is removed every generation by the action of peptido glycan hydrolases, and lytic transglycosylases are major contributors to this process20. The soluble fragments that are removed from the sacculus are reused via an efficient peptidoglycan-recy ...
The Nucleolus under Stress
... TIF-1A, SL1, and UBF, are essential for transcription by RNA Pol I and appear to be modulated by different signaling pathways in response to changes in environmental conditions (reviewed in Grummt, 2003). A key player for the regulation of ribosomal synthesis in response to extracellular conditions ...
... TIF-1A, SL1, and UBF, are essential for transcription by RNA Pol I and appear to be modulated by different signaling pathways in response to changes in environmental conditions (reviewed in Grummt, 2003). A key player for the regulation of ribosomal synthesis in response to extracellular conditions ...
Phloem loading and unloading - HAL
... conducting bundle, the osmotic pressure is higher in the sieve tube than in the other cells (companion cell, vascular parenchyma cells). The problem is to know whether these osmotic gradients are due to mobile sugars or to other solutes (ions). Several structural, ultrastructural and physiological o ...
... conducting bundle, the osmotic pressure is higher in the sieve tube than in the other cells (companion cell, vascular parenchyma cells). The problem is to know whether these osmotic gradients are due to mobile sugars or to other solutes (ions). Several structural, ultrastructural and physiological o ...
The lysosomal signaling anchor p18/LAMTOR1 controls epidermal
... lysosomal v-ATPase (Zoncu et al., 2011b) and forms a complex with HBXIP and C7orf59 to serve as a GEF for Rag GTPases (Bar-Peled et al., 2012). These findings demonstrate that the p18– p14–MP1–Rag complex is essential for controlling the activity of mTORC1, and indicate that the complex plays a cruc ...
... lysosomal v-ATPase (Zoncu et al., 2011b) and forms a complex with HBXIP and C7orf59 to serve as a GEF for Rag GTPases (Bar-Peled et al., 2012). These findings demonstrate that the p18– p14–MP1–Rag complex is essential for controlling the activity of mTORC1, and indicate that the complex plays a cruc ...
Salt-Induced Remodeling of Spatially Restricted
... Although the operation and physiological relevance of endocytosis have been demonstrated unequivocally in plants, the molecular components participating in the process are less well characterized than in animal systems. Simple, well-defined tissue organization makes the Arabidopsis thaliana root an i ...
... Although the operation and physiological relevance of endocytosis have been demonstrated unequivocally in plants, the molecular components participating in the process are less well characterized than in animal systems. Simple, well-defined tissue organization makes the Arabidopsis thaliana root an i ...
BIO205 - National Open University of Nigeria
... to students offering biology related courses. The idea about cell structure expatiates that the membranes are fluid, with components that move, change, and perform vital physiological roles as they allow cells to communicate with each other and their environment. The course introduces you to the cel ...
... to students offering biology related courses. The idea about cell structure expatiates that the membranes are fluid, with components that move, change, and perform vital physiological roles as they allow cells to communicate with each other and their environment. The course introduces you to the cel ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.