Auxin Metabolism and Function in the Multicellular Brown Alga
... Ectocarpus siliculosus is a small brown alga that has recently been developed as a genetic model. Its thallus is filamentous, initially organized as a main primary filament composed of elongated cells and round cells, from which branches differentiate. Modeling of its early development suggests the ...
... Ectocarpus siliculosus is a small brown alga that has recently been developed as a genetic model. Its thallus is filamentous, initially organized as a main primary filament composed of elongated cells and round cells, from which branches differentiate. Modeling of its early development suggests the ...
Adenovirus Overrides Cellular Checkpoints for Protein Translation
... mutations in PTEN, the lipid phosphatase that antagonizes PI3-kinase activity, results in Cowden disease, which is associated with increased frequency of benign and malignant tumors. Thus, inappropriate activation of the mTOR pathway appears to be a recurring theme in both tumor and viral replicatio ...
... mutations in PTEN, the lipid phosphatase that antagonizes PI3-kinase activity, results in Cowden disease, which is associated with increased frequency of benign and malignant tumors. Thus, inappropriate activation of the mTOR pathway appears to be a recurring theme in both tumor and viral replicatio ...
Cell-penetrating peptides and antimicrobial peptides: how different
... the introduction of a CF dye into the hydrophilic domain of Pep-1 and/or deletion of a cysteamine group decreased the peptide’s affinity and, consequently, its uptake [16,58], and a slight internalization by endosomal pathway occurs [16]. This suggests that the membrane affinity and the capacity to ...
... the introduction of a CF dye into the hydrophilic domain of Pep-1 and/or deletion of a cysteamine group decreased the peptide’s affinity and, consequently, its uptake [16,58], and a slight internalization by endosomal pathway occurs [16]. This suggests that the membrane affinity and the capacity to ...
HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
... Immunoglobulin binding occurs at all temps Fc receptors/C3b recognized by macrophages; therefore, • Hemolysis primarily extravascular • 70% associated with other illnesses • Responsive to steroids/splenectomy ...
... Immunoglobulin binding occurs at all temps Fc receptors/C3b recognized by macrophages; therefore, • Hemolysis primarily extravascular • 70% associated with other illnesses • Responsive to steroids/splenectomy ...
Biofuel cells and their development - ePrints Soton
... 2003a), and also a biofuel cell has been employed as the stomach of a mobile robotic platform ‘Gastronome’, designed as the precursor to autonomous robots that can scavenge their fuel from their surroundings (gastrobots). The original Gastronome ‘eats’ sugar cubes fed to it manually (Wilkinson, 2000 ...
... 2003a), and also a biofuel cell has been employed as the stomach of a mobile robotic platform ‘Gastronome’, designed as the precursor to autonomous robots that can scavenge their fuel from their surroundings (gastrobots). The original Gastronome ‘eats’ sugar cubes fed to it manually (Wilkinson, 2000 ...
Structure and Function of Membrane Proteins: Overview
... B. In mid to late 1950s, with techniques for preparing & staining tissue, J. D. Robertson & others were able to resolve cell membranes in the electron microscope (see above) V. S. Jonathan Singer & Garth Nicolson (UC-San Diego, 1972) - proposed the Fluid-Mosaic Model, the central dogma of membrane b ...
... B. In mid to late 1950s, with techniques for preparing & staining tissue, J. D. Robertson & others were able to resolve cell membranes in the electron microscope (see above) V. S. Jonathan Singer & Garth Nicolson (UC-San Diego, 1972) - proposed the Fluid-Mosaic Model, the central dogma of membrane b ...
Mechanisms of cellular communication through intercellular protein
... J. Cell. Mol. Med. Vol 15, No 7, 2011 communication, in 1984 Norcross [3] proposed the term ‘synapse’ to describe the contacts between T cells and APCs. Later several studies gathered biophysical and molecular data and confirmed its existence between immune cells. Since then the term ‘immunological ...
... J. Cell. Mol. Med. Vol 15, No 7, 2011 communication, in 1984 Norcross [3] proposed the term ‘synapse’ to describe the contacts between T cells and APCs. Later several studies gathered biophysical and molecular data and confirmed its existence between immune cells. Since then the term ‘immunological ...
The retinoblastoma homolog RBR1 mediates localization of the
... Lack of functional RBR1 leads to hypersensitivity against DNA DSB inducing agents and aluminum To analyze the role of RBR1 in DDR, we decided to use the previously described rbr1-2 mutant (Ebel et al, 2004; Chen et al, 2011). This mutant was earlier found to behave in a temperaturedependent manner; ...
... Lack of functional RBR1 leads to hypersensitivity against DNA DSB inducing agents and aluminum To analyze the role of RBR1 in DDR, we decided to use the previously described rbr1-2 mutant (Ebel et al, 2004; Chen et al, 2011). This mutant was earlier found to behave in a temperaturedependent manner; ...
The water of life: osmoregulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... vacuolar membranes in the maintenance of osmotic balance. Subsequently, we discuss cross- ...
... vacuolar membranes in the maintenance of osmotic balance. Subsequently, we discuss cross- ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Quality Control and
... Protein folding in the ER, in particular, is aided by chaperones and cochaperones. Chaperones are proteins that interact transiently with other non-native proteins to help them acquire a native state. Chaperones do not direct the outcome of the folding process; instead, they enhance the efficiency o ...
... Protein folding in the ER, in particular, is aided by chaperones and cochaperones. Chaperones are proteins that interact transiently with other non-native proteins to help them acquire a native state. Chaperones do not direct the outcome of the folding process; instead, they enhance the efficiency o ...
The many ways to age for a single yeast cell
... Importantly, programmed necrosis shows a similar phenotype as ‘classical necrosis’ but differs in that it is largely executed in a coordinated fashion following an active regulatory mechanism and is not an uncontrolled process. ...
... Importantly, programmed necrosis shows a similar phenotype as ‘classical necrosis’ but differs in that it is largely executed in a coordinated fashion following an active regulatory mechanism and is not an uncontrolled process. ...
Sugar-Regulated Expression of a Putative
... boxes. The induction of VvHT1 expression by both Suc and palatinose was confirmed in the homologous grape berry cell culture. The data provide the first example of a putative sugar transporter, which is induced by both glucose and Suc in higher plants. Although induction of VvHT1 expression by Suc d ...
... boxes. The induction of VvHT1 expression by both Suc and palatinose was confirmed in the homologous grape berry cell culture. The data provide the first example of a putative sugar transporter, which is induced by both glucose and Suc in higher plants. Although induction of VvHT1 expression by Suc d ...
Severe osmotic compression triggers a slowdown of
... is genetically disrupted, and Hog1p-GFP cannot be phosphorylated or imported into the nucleus. FRAP experiments can thus be performed in any osmotic environment without triggering nuclear enrichment of Hog1p-GFP. We observed that the diffusion of Hog1p-GFP (Fig. 3 and Movie S2) decreased with increa ...
... is genetically disrupted, and Hog1p-GFP cannot be phosphorylated or imported into the nucleus. FRAP experiments can thus be performed in any osmotic environment without triggering nuclear enrichment of Hog1p-GFP. We observed that the diffusion of Hog1p-GFP (Fig. 3 and Movie S2) decreased with increa ...
Refraction effect in an in-plane-switching blue
... diameter and short coherence length, and (3) optically isotropic dark state. Since no surfactant is needed to generate uniform molecular alignment for PS-BPLC, the device fabrication process can be much simplified. And fast response time is particularly desirable because it not only reduces motion b ...
... diameter and short coherence length, and (3) optically isotropic dark state. Since no surfactant is needed to generate uniform molecular alignment for PS-BPLC, the device fabrication process can be much simplified. And fast response time is particularly desirable because it not only reduces motion b ...
Job Sharing in the Endomembrane System: Vacuolar
... does indeed not contribute to vacuolar acidification under nonstress conditions, in which case we would expect no vacuolar pH difference between vha-a2 vha-a3 and the triple mutant. In contrast, the pH gradient at the tonoplast would be even more reduced in the triple mutant compared with vha-a2 vha- ...
... does indeed not contribute to vacuolar acidification under nonstress conditions, in which case we would expect no vacuolar pH difference between vha-a2 vha-a3 and the triple mutant. In contrast, the pH gradient at the tonoplast would be even more reduced in the triple mutant compared with vha-a2 vha- ...
The Sad1-UNC-84 homology domain in Mps3 interacts with Mps2 to
... of its structure and function at a molecular level are only beginning to emerge. Four proteins are found at the half-bridge: Cdc31, Kar1, Mps3, and Sfi1. Kar1 and Mps3 are integral membrane proteins that localize to the cytoplasmic and nuclear sides of the half-bridge, respectively (Spang et al., 19 ...
... of its structure and function at a molecular level are only beginning to emerge. Four proteins are found at the half-bridge: Cdc31, Kar1, Mps3, and Sfi1. Kar1 and Mps3 are integral membrane proteins that localize to the cytoplasmic and nuclear sides of the half-bridge, respectively (Spang et al., 19 ...
Using glyco-engineering to produce therapeutic proteins
... Avoidance of macroheterogeneity Macroheterogeneity on recombinant glycoproteins arises from variations in glycosylation site occupancy. These differences in glycosylation efficiency are dependent on the manufacturing system (e.g., organism/cell-type-specific) and protein intrinsic features. The pres ...
... Avoidance of macroheterogeneity Macroheterogeneity on recombinant glycoproteins arises from variations in glycosylation site occupancy. These differences in glycosylation efficiency are dependent on the manufacturing system (e.g., organism/cell-type-specific) and protein intrinsic features. The pres ...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) - HAL
... The ASC180/3/4VLV mutant core protein was the only mutant protein studied that remained uncleaved, resulting in detection of the p23 form of the core protein alone (Fig. 1B). This confirms the results obtained by Martoglio’s group with this mutant (Lemberg & Martoglio, 2002; McLauchlan et al., 2002) ...
... The ASC180/3/4VLV mutant core protein was the only mutant protein studied that remained uncleaved, resulting in detection of the p23 form of the core protein alone (Fig. 1B). This confirms the results obtained by Martoglio’s group with this mutant (Lemberg & Martoglio, 2002; McLauchlan et al., 2002) ...
7 - Dynamic Microtubules and the Texture of Plant Cell Walls
... past 50 years or so. Virtually, all the seminal ideas about wall construction originated in the electron microscopic era when the field divided between those who believed that layers of cellulose microfibrils were organized entirely by self-assembly principles (and may or may not be subsequently rea ...
... past 50 years or so. Virtually, all the seminal ideas about wall construction originated in the electron microscopic era when the field divided between those who believed that layers of cellulose microfibrils were organized entirely by self-assembly principles (and may or may not be subsequently rea ...
Mathematical Biology
... filament barbed ends are associated with the membrane of the cell (Small et al., 1995a). However, whether the filaments are of uniform length, or whether there is a distribution of pointed ends and barbed ends throughout the lamellipod is an outstanding question (Heath and Holifield, 1991). The diff ...
... filament barbed ends are associated with the membrane of the cell (Small et al., 1995a). However, whether the filaments are of uniform length, or whether there is a distribution of pointed ends and barbed ends throughout the lamellipod is an outstanding question (Heath and Holifield, 1991). The diff ...
Disruption of a Dynamin Homologue Affects Endocytosis, Organelle
... of Temesvari and co-workers (1996). Briefly, 1-mm carboxylatemodified, fluorescent polystyrene beads (Molecular Probes) were incubated with cells grown in shaking suspension culture to 3 3 106/ml. The ratio of cells to beads was 1:100. Samples (1 ml) were mixed with 4 ml ice-cold MES buffer, pH 6.5, ...
... of Temesvari and co-workers (1996). Briefly, 1-mm carboxylatemodified, fluorescent polystyrene beads (Molecular Probes) were incubated with cells grown in shaking suspension culture to 3 3 106/ml. The ratio of cells to beads was 1:100. Samples (1 ml) were mixed with 4 ml ice-cold MES buffer, pH 6.5, ...
Theory and Algorithms for Constructing Discrete Morse
... called the Morse-Smale complex [12]. Several issues must be resolved when translating the above picture to a computational setting: adapting Morse theory to non-smooth functions and manifolds; defining critical points; approximating the gradient flow; devising efficient algorithms. An extensive revi ...
... called the Morse-Smale complex [12]. Several issues must be resolved when translating the above picture to a computational setting: adapting Morse theory to non-smooth functions and manifolds; defining critical points; approximating the gradient flow; devising efficient algorithms. An extensive revi ...
Noll et al., 2007 - Institute of Molecular Life Sciences
... of T. gratilla, was constructed in the l UNI-ZAP XR vector with the Stratagene ZAP-cDNA synthesis kit, which generates cDNAs subcloned between the EcoRI site (5′ end) and XhoI site (3′ end) of the plasmid vector pBluescript SK(−). Initially, 8 positive cDNA clones were isolated from 260,000 plaques ...
... of T. gratilla, was constructed in the l UNI-ZAP XR vector with the Stratagene ZAP-cDNA synthesis kit, which generates cDNAs subcloned between the EcoRI site (5′ end) and XhoI site (3′ end) of the plasmid vector pBluescript SK(−). Initially, 8 positive cDNA clones were isolated from 260,000 plaques ...
Reconciling an archaeal origin of eukaryotes with engulfment: a
... a derived group emerging within the Archaea. The specific topology shown is the Eocyte tree. Note that, under the Eocyte hypothesis, Eukaryotes are, phylogenetically, a group within archaea, so the eukaryote total group (stem plus crown) is nested within the diversity of the archaeal crown. In both ...
... a derived group emerging within the Archaea. The specific topology shown is the Eocyte tree. Note that, under the Eocyte hypothesis, Eukaryotes are, phylogenetically, a group within archaea, so the eukaryote total group (stem plus crown) is nested within the diversity of the archaeal crown. In both ...
Chlamydia effector proteins and new insights into chlamydial
... proteins. All Chlamydiae code for the core components of a Type III Secretion (TTS) apparatus [30], a protein transport system used by Gram-negative bacteria to translocate proteins into the cytoplasm of the host cell. Therefore, it is commonly accepted that many chlamydial effector proteins will be ...
... proteins. All Chlamydiae code for the core components of a Type III Secretion (TTS) apparatus [30], a protein transport system used by Gram-negative bacteria to translocate proteins into the cytoplasm of the host cell. Therefore, it is commonly accepted that many chlamydial effector proteins will be ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.