The Plasma Membrane of the Cyanobacterium
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
Synthesis and sorting of proteoglycans
... interactions, normally of ionic nature, with growth factors, for example. Recent studies have identified ~30 PG protein cores. These cores are not just scaffolds for GAGs: they contain domains that have particular biological activities (Iozzo, 1998). Many PGs are thus multifunctional molecules that ...
... interactions, normally of ionic nature, with growth factors, for example. Recent studies have identified ~30 PG protein cores. These cores are not just scaffolds for GAGs: they contain domains that have particular biological activities (Iozzo, 1998). Many PGs are thus multifunctional molecules that ...
ANSWER
... ANSWER: All living things are made of cells. Cells are the basic unit of living things. All cells are produced from other cells. QUESTION: What is the cell theory? ...
... ANSWER: All living things are made of cells. Cells are the basic unit of living things. All cells are produced from other cells. QUESTION: What is the cell theory? ...
ForC, a novel type of formin family protein lacking an FH1 domain, is
... cytoskeleton; nevertheless, many of its movements appear similar to those observed in higher eukaryotes. In rich medium, they proliferate as a unicellular organism and carry out cytokinesis that looks morphologically very similar to that of vertebrate cells in culture. When starved, the cells aggreg ...
... cytoskeleton; nevertheless, many of its movements appear similar to those observed in higher eukaryotes. In rich medium, they proliferate as a unicellular organism and carry out cytokinesis that looks morphologically very similar to that of vertebrate cells in culture. When starved, the cells aggreg ...
Microtubule-associated protein 1b is required for shaping the neural
... dynamics is less well established. MT stability and dynamics are regulated in part by microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Members of the MAP1 family bind along the entire MT lattice. MAP1B, a founding member of this family, is posttranslationally cleaved into a heavy chain (HC) and a light chain ...
... dynamics is less well established. MT stability and dynamics are regulated in part by microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Members of the MAP1 family bind along the entire MT lattice. MAP1B, a founding member of this family, is posttranslationally cleaved into a heavy chain (HC) and a light chain ...
Doehrty-McMahon 2009
... of cells, have some of these issues been addressed. The most commonly reported nonclathrincoated plasma membrane buds are known as caveolae (for “little caves”) (Figure 1). These flask-shaped invaginations exist on the surface of many mammalian cell types, are around 60–80 nm in diameter, and can con ...
... of cells, have some of these issues been addressed. The most commonly reported nonclathrincoated plasma membrane buds are known as caveolae (for “little caves”) (Figure 1). These flask-shaped invaginations exist on the surface of many mammalian cell types, are around 60–80 nm in diameter, and can con ...
The Importance of High Resolution Chromosome Analysis in the
... molecules into a microtubule that makes up the spindle fibres. This prevents the chromatids from aligning on the metaphase plate to be pulled apart during anaphase. The stoichiometric relationship between Colcemid® and tubulin needs to be borne in mind when deciding the amount of the mitotic arresta ...
... molecules into a microtubule that makes up the spindle fibres. This prevents the chromatids from aligning on the metaphase plate to be pulled apart during anaphase. The stoichiometric relationship between Colcemid® and tubulin needs to be borne in mind when deciding the amount of the mitotic arresta ...
isolation and characterization of the membrane
... olism and attendant incompatibilities which possibly occur on each side of the membrane. There are three main views regarding the origin of this membrane: (a) that Rhizobium is taken into the host by endocytosis and that the membrane is derived from the plasma membrane of the host cell (5, 14, 15, ...
... olism and attendant incompatibilities which possibly occur on each side of the membrane. There are three main views regarding the origin of this membrane: (a) that Rhizobium is taken into the host by endocytosis and that the membrane is derived from the plasma membrane of the host cell (5, 14, 15, ...
Swimming behavior of the monotrichous bacterium Pseudomonas
... ª 2013 Federation of European Microbiological Societies Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved ...
... ª 2013 Federation of European Microbiological Societies Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved ...
Morphogenetic Interactions before Gastrulation in the
... placed in the ventral margin region of embryos of the same stage. Unfortunately, a certain amount of cytoplasm tends to spill out of the grafting site during the operation, in consequence of which it is impossible to be certain how much material was grafted into the embryo. The cortex soon healed ov ...
... placed in the ventral margin region of embryos of the same stage. Unfortunately, a certain amount of cytoplasm tends to spill out of the grafting site during the operation, in consequence of which it is impossible to be certain how much material was grafted into the embryo. The cortex soon healed ov ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... throw more light on the in vitro anti-inflammatory property and detailed phytochemical investigation could identify the exact compound responsible for it. The plant therefore could be considered as a natural source of membrane stabilizers and is capable of providing an alternative remedy for the tre ...
... throw more light on the in vitro anti-inflammatory property and detailed phytochemical investigation could identify the exact compound responsible for it. The plant therefore could be considered as a natural source of membrane stabilizers and is capable of providing an alternative remedy for the tre ...
Cellular origin of the basement membrane in embryonic chicken
... The classic concept of basement membranes, based upon light microscopy, has been that a basement membrane is a homogeneous hyaline band that separates an epithelium or an endothelium from connective tissue, and that takes silver stains for reticulin and is PAS,positive (Lillie, 1952). Gersh and Catc ...
... The classic concept of basement membranes, based upon light microscopy, has been that a basement membrane is a homogeneous hyaline band that separates an epithelium or an endothelium from connective tissue, and that takes silver stains for reticulin and is PAS,positive (Lillie, 1952). Gersh and Catc ...
From milliseconds to millions of years: guard cells and
... Other wax mutants also lend support to the idea that disruption of the extracellular matrix leads to a change in stomatal index: eceriferum-1 and eceriferum-6 mutants of Arabidopsis [20], both of which have alterations in wax composition on the leaf surface, exhibit higher stomatal indices than do w ...
... Other wax mutants also lend support to the idea that disruption of the extracellular matrix leads to a change in stomatal index: eceriferum-1 and eceriferum-6 mutants of Arabidopsis [20], both of which have alterations in wax composition on the leaf surface, exhibit higher stomatal indices than do w ...
as a PDF
... active only when they have been dissociated from dimers into monomers (Figure 2). The wedge of RPTPαD1 is formed from a helix-turn-helix segment in the Nterminal segment of each monomer. The interhelical angle is ~80º, forming a wedge that inserts into the catalytic cleft of the opposing monomer. Hy ...
... active only when they have been dissociated from dimers into monomers (Figure 2). The wedge of RPTPαD1 is formed from a helix-turn-helix segment in the Nterminal segment of each monomer. The interhelical angle is ~80º, forming a wedge that inserts into the catalytic cleft of the opposing monomer. Hy ...
Amassin, an olfactomedin protein, mediates the massive
... from the SDS-PAGE sample buffer when the components of CFP are separated by SDS-PAGE, amassin does not enter the stacking gel (Fig. 6). Treatment of the CFP samples with different concentrations of reducing agent followed by SDSPAGE and Western blotting shows the presence of monomers, dimers, and hi ...
... from the SDS-PAGE sample buffer when the components of CFP are separated by SDS-PAGE, amassin does not enter the stacking gel (Fig. 6). Treatment of the CFP samples with different concentrations of reducing agent followed by SDSPAGE and Western blotting shows the presence of monomers, dimers, and hi ...
Maturation-promoting Factor Induces Nuclear Envelope Breakdown
... before the first meiotic division, M P F sets off events leading to the c o m p l e t i o n o f meiosis and the maturation o f the oocyte. The presence of this activity is easily scored by the breakdown o f the germinal vesicle (i.e., oocyte nucleus) in the i m m a t u r e oocytes. M P F has since b ...
... before the first meiotic division, M P F sets off events leading to the c o m p l e t i o n o f meiosis and the maturation o f the oocyte. The presence of this activity is easily scored by the breakdown o f the germinal vesicle (i.e., oocyte nucleus) in the i m m a t u r e oocytes. M P F has since b ...
About Basal and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer
... and the pain and loss of life from this disease is to educate the public about skin cancer risk factors, prevention, and detection. It’s important for health care professionals and skin cancer survivors to remind others about the dangers of too much UV exposure (both from the sun and from man-made s ...
... and the pain and loss of life from this disease is to educate the public about skin cancer risk factors, prevention, and detection. It’s important for health care professionals and skin cancer survivors to remind others about the dangers of too much UV exposure (both from the sun and from man-made s ...
Protection of Retinal Ganglion Cells from Natural and Axotomy
... Immunohistochemical studies revealed that only line NSE 73a/b is expressing high levels of human Bcl-2 protein in the retina (Fig. 1B), whereas the second line (NSE 71) (data not shown) and the wild-type animal (Fig. 1A) did not exhibit any signal. Therefore the second line NSE 71 was used in some c ...
... Immunohistochemical studies revealed that only line NSE 73a/b is expressing high levels of human Bcl-2 protein in the retina (Fig. 1B), whereas the second line (NSE 71) (data not shown) and the wild-type animal (Fig. 1A) did not exhibit any signal. Therefore the second line NSE 71 was used in some c ...
Yeast longevity and aging—the mitochondrial connection
... The studies of age asymmetry in yeast have implications for stem cell aging. The renewal of many tissues requires the function of stem cells. This renewal is critical for maintenance of function as the organism ages. However, it is essential that the cells that the stem cells produce are pristine an ...
... The studies of age asymmetry in yeast have implications for stem cell aging. The renewal of many tissues requires the function of stem cells. This renewal is critical for maintenance of function as the organism ages. However, it is essential that the cells that the stem cells produce are pristine an ...
PLANT DEFENCES AGAINST PATHOGENS David Guest and John
... by the gene that encodes the ability to produce the toxin and by a gene in susceptible cultivars of the host that encodes sensitivity to that toxin. Hostspecific necrotrophs usually form a pathogenic race or pathotype structure where some races can attack some cultivars within a species but not othe ...
... by the gene that encodes the ability to produce the toxin and by a gene in susceptible cultivars of the host that encodes sensitivity to that toxin. Hostspecific necrotrophs usually form a pathogenic race or pathotype structure where some races can attack some cultivars within a species but not othe ...
PDF - The Journal of Cell Biology
... activated by pro-NTs binding p75NTR and activating JNK (Roux and Barker, 2002). Thus, we asked whether the different DNT forms activate JNK signaling, visualized using antiphospho-JNK antibodies. Overexpression of DNT1-CK-CTD, DNT2-CK, or DNT2-FL in the retina reduced the number of pJNK+ cells compa ...
... activated by pro-NTs binding p75NTR and activating JNK (Roux and Barker, 2002). Thus, we asked whether the different DNT forms activate JNK signaling, visualized using antiphospho-JNK antibodies. Overexpression of DNT1-CK-CTD, DNT2-CK, or DNT2-FL in the retina reduced the number of pJNK+ cells compa ...
Chapter 31
... G. Life cycle of fungi 2. General life cycle of fungus: Sexual reproduction A. Plasmogamy. - Begins when two distinct mycelia of different mating types (+ and -) secrete pheromones that bind to receptors on each others surfaces. - Hyphae then grow toward each other using mitotic cell division (they ...
... G. Life cycle of fungi 2. General life cycle of fungus: Sexual reproduction A. Plasmogamy. - Begins when two distinct mycelia of different mating types (+ and -) secrete pheromones that bind to receptors on each others surfaces. - Hyphae then grow toward each other using mitotic cell division (they ...
Different Doses of the Enhanced UV
... which are preceded by G1 and G2 gap phases, respectively. Typically, this cell cycle is associated with cell division, and M-phase is generally coupled to karyokinesis and cytokinesis, which generate daughter cells with chromosome number and nuclear DNA content identical to those of their mother cel ...
... which are preceded by G1 and G2 gap phases, respectively. Typically, this cell cycle is associated with cell division, and M-phase is generally coupled to karyokinesis and cytokinesis, which generate daughter cells with chromosome number and nuclear DNA content identical to those of their mother cel ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... Plant somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a biological process with both amazing basic and applied aspects. SE occurs in nature. At the edges of the leaves of several species of Kalanchoë appear small bipolar structures, some of them produce these structures constitutively, others by the action of environ ...
... Plant somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a biological process with both amazing basic and applied aspects. SE occurs in nature. At the edges of the leaves of several species of Kalanchoë appear small bipolar structures, some of them produce these structures constitutively, others by the action of environ ...
Protist predation can favour cooperation within bacterial species
... result from activation of QS-regulated public goods. Instead, elevated resistance of wild-type bacteria was related to the ability to form more predationresistant biofilms. This could be explained by the expression of QS-regulated resistance traits in densely populated biofilms and floating cell agg ...
... result from activation of QS-regulated public goods. Instead, elevated resistance of wild-type bacteria was related to the ability to form more predationresistant biofilms. This could be explained by the expression of QS-regulated resistance traits in densely populated biofilms and floating cell agg ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.