Plant Gravitropism. Unraveling the Ups and
... Most Models Attempting to Explain Gravity Sensing Hypothesize a Role for Actin in This Process ...
... Most Models Attempting to Explain Gravity Sensing Hypothesize a Role for Actin in This Process ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
... Rhee et al. [4] proposed a 3-step model of myofibrillogenesis based on immunolocalization studies in cultured chicken cardiomyocytes fixed and stained after different times in culture (Figure 2). In this model of myofibrillogenesis, the premyofibril forms at or near the spreading plasma membrane sur ...
... Rhee et al. [4] proposed a 3-step model of myofibrillogenesis based on immunolocalization studies in cultured chicken cardiomyocytes fixed and stained after different times in culture (Figure 2). In this model of myofibrillogenesis, the premyofibril forms at or near the spreading plasma membrane sur ...
Exclusion of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/oxygenase
... Rubisco is degraded rapidly and its nitrogen is translocated into growing organs (Mae et al. 1983). Therefore, Rubisco degradation is closely related to photosynthesis and nitrogen economy in plants. However, little is known about the degradation process of Rubisco in senescing leaves (for reviews, ...
... Rubisco is degraded rapidly and its nitrogen is translocated into growing organs (Mae et al. 1983). Therefore, Rubisco degradation is closely related to photosynthesis and nitrogen economy in plants. However, little is known about the degradation process of Rubisco in senescing leaves (for reviews, ...
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... These behavioral analyses suggest that touch perception, rather than swimming capability, is affected in mutants at 2 dpf. The touchinsensitive phenotype in mutants was obvious even at 1 dpf; however, at this stage, 7.1% (3/42) of mutants rarely exhibited touch-evoked coilings, with the probability ...
... These behavioral analyses suggest that touch perception, rather than swimming capability, is affected in mutants at 2 dpf. The touchinsensitive phenotype in mutants was obvious even at 1 dpf; however, at this stage, 7.1% (3/42) of mutants rarely exhibited touch-evoked coilings, with the probability ...
PCTpc201500379rar2_pap_plantcell 1..13
... 2009). However, glucomannan seems to play a specific role in certain cell types, as plants lacking an active CSLA7 are embryo lethal (Goubet et al., 2003). In addition, the MANNAN SYNTHESISRELATED genes, which encode putative glycosyltransferases with unknown function, have also been shown to be requ ...
... 2009). However, glucomannan seems to play a specific role in certain cell types, as plants lacking an active CSLA7 are embryo lethal (Goubet et al., 2003). In addition, the MANNAN SYNTHESISRELATED genes, which encode putative glycosyltransferases with unknown function, have also been shown to be requ ...
Stringent Response Changes Cell Membrane Permeability in
... tetracycline (Sigma, T-3383), ampicillin (Sigma, A-9518) and kanamycin (Sigma, K-4000) were prepared at a concentration of 1.024 mg/ml in complete M9 minimal salt media. Sterile solution is poured into a multi-channel pipette reservoir, using a multi-channel pipette, 1/2 serial dilution of the kanam ...
... tetracycline (Sigma, T-3383), ampicillin (Sigma, A-9518) and kanamycin (Sigma, K-4000) were prepared at a concentration of 1.024 mg/ml in complete M9 minimal salt media. Sterile solution is poured into a multi-channel pipette reservoir, using a multi-channel pipette, 1/2 serial dilution of the kanam ...
"Unusual" modifications and variations of
... apparatus, we recently found evidence for even more diversity. When rat liver subcellular preparations enriched in Golgi compartments are incubated with CMP-[9-3H]N-acetyl-neuraminic acid, the label is efficiently transferred to endogenous acceptors that are only within the lumen of intact compartme ...
... apparatus, we recently found evidence for even more diversity. When rat liver subcellular preparations enriched in Golgi compartments are incubated with CMP-[9-3H]N-acetyl-neuraminic acid, the label is efficiently transferred to endogenous acceptors that are only within the lumen of intact compartme ...
The role of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) - UiO
... form the major part of adipose tissue. Since obesity, which has reached epidemic proportions in the last decades, is the result of excess growth of the adipose tissue caused by both hypertrophy and hyperplasia, understanding how adipocytes expand is an important area research. Adipogenesis, the deve ...
... form the major part of adipose tissue. Since obesity, which has reached epidemic proportions in the last decades, is the result of excess growth of the adipose tissue caused by both hypertrophy and hyperplasia, understanding how adipocytes expand is an important area research. Adipogenesis, the deve ...
GFP is the way to glow: bioimaging of the plant endomembrane
... with a molecular mass of approximately 27 kDa. It emits green fluorescence upon excitation with UV or blue light. As specific secretory proteins or signals can be fused to GFP, usually without altering their targeting, it is a useful alternative to conventional dyes previously used to investigate en ...
... with a molecular mass of approximately 27 kDa. It emits green fluorescence upon excitation with UV or blue light. As specific secretory proteins or signals can be fused to GFP, usually without altering their targeting, it is a useful alternative to conventional dyes previously used to investigate en ...
Actin and Myosin Function in Directed Vacuole Movement during
... ited by the daughter cell and segregation structures are not observed (Fig. 1 b). The actin gene in this mutant encodes a truncated actin molecule that lacks the three NH2-terminal amino acids, and, aside from a slightly decreased ability to support invertase secretion, no phenotype had previously b ...
... ited by the daughter cell and segregation structures are not observed (Fig. 1 b). The actin gene in this mutant encodes a truncated actin molecule that lacks the three NH2-terminal amino acids, and, aside from a slightly decreased ability to support invertase secretion, no phenotype had previously b ...
University of Groningen The Role of Biomacromolecular
... thermodynamic and transport properties, e.g., the activities of strong electrolytes (and hence also the activity of water), the solubility of ionic salts and minerals, and the dissociation of ligands from complex ions, as well as conductance and diffusion of electrolytes. The rates of reactions in w ...
... thermodynamic and transport properties, e.g., the activities of strong electrolytes (and hence also the activity of water), the solubility of ionic salts and minerals, and the dissociation of ligands from complex ions, as well as conductance and diffusion of electrolytes. The rates of reactions in w ...
Introduction to the Schwann cell - Assets
... nerves are ensheathed by rows of Schwann cells, in the form of either one Schwann cell to each axonal length, or in Remak bundles, formed when an individual Schwann cell envelopes lengths of multiple unmyelinated axons (Figures 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4b). There is now a large body of evidence that defines a ...
... nerves are ensheathed by rows of Schwann cells, in the form of either one Schwann cell to each axonal length, or in Remak bundles, formed when an individual Schwann cell envelopes lengths of multiple unmyelinated axons (Figures 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4b). There is now a large body of evidence that defines a ...
Integrins and cell differentiation
... Fig. 1D,G). Interestingly, it has been shown that embryos mutant for the βPS subunit also show a strong reduction in the levels of β1 tubulin expression (Buttgereit, 1996). To further investigate whether integrin function is required for tendon cell differentiation, and does not just down-regulate β ...
... Fig. 1D,G). Interestingly, it has been shown that embryos mutant for the βPS subunit also show a strong reduction in the levels of β1 tubulin expression (Buttgereit, 1996). To further investigate whether integrin function is required for tendon cell differentiation, and does not just down-regulate β ...
Phosphatidylcholine traffic to the vacuole
... To date it remains unclear how membrane lipids, which are synthesized primarily at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), become so highly organized at both the inter- and intraorganellar level. Among the classic examples of interorganellar lipid organization is the enrichment of sterols and phosphatidylse ...
... To date it remains unclear how membrane lipids, which are synthesized primarily at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), become so highly organized at both the inter- and intraorganellar level. Among the classic examples of interorganellar lipid organization is the enrichment of sterols and phosphatidylse ...
DIFFERENT MODES OF FLUORESCENTLY LABELED
... intracellular calcium signalling may have an important role in their release, such as in the release of glutamate (2), neuropeptides, such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) (3) and prostaglandins (4). It has been shown that the mechanism of glutamate and ANP release may involve exocytosis (3, 5-7) ...
... intracellular calcium signalling may have an important role in their release, such as in the release of glutamate (2), neuropeptides, such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) (3) and prostaglandins (4). It has been shown that the mechanism of glutamate and ANP release may involve exocytosis (3, 5-7) ...
STAINING OF BACTERIAL CELLS Objective • To learn the
... and sugars called peptidoglycan. This wall provides a barrier through which the crystal violetiodine complex cannot pass during decolorization. When this wall is removed enzymatically with lysozyme, Gram positive cells no longer retain the stain complex and become Gram negative. A Gram negative bact ...
... and sugars called peptidoglycan. This wall provides a barrier through which the crystal violetiodine complex cannot pass during decolorization. When this wall is removed enzymatically with lysozyme, Gram positive cells no longer retain the stain complex and become Gram negative. A Gram negative bact ...
Biology I Pacing Guide
... (e.g., succession, population growth, technology, loss of genetic diversity, consumption of resources). (DOK 2) Competency 4 - Life Science ...
... (e.g., succession, population growth, technology, loss of genetic diversity, consumption of resources). (DOK 2) Competency 4 - Life Science ...
5. Parvoviral Host Range and Cell Entry Mechanisms.
... negative strand is rather called ‘‘the left’’ end and the 50 terminus of this strand ‘‘the right’’ end. Within the virions, some of the single-stranded DNA displays icosahedral symmetry, so that about a third of the genome can be visualized by crystallography, abutting the particle shell. This DNA h ...
... negative strand is rather called ‘‘the left’’ end and the 50 terminus of this strand ‘‘the right’’ end. Within the virions, some of the single-stranded DNA displays icosahedral symmetry, so that about a third of the genome can be visualized by crystallography, abutting the particle shell. This DNA h ...
Oriented cell motility and division underlie early limb bud
... chamber resting on the microscope stage (see Fig. S1A in the supplementary material). We confirmed that short-term culture under these conditions did not result in increased cell death as assessed by LysoTracker Red staining (see Fig. S1B in the supplementary material), nor in dysmorphology of the l ...
... chamber resting on the microscope stage (see Fig. S1A in the supplementary material). We confirmed that short-term culture under these conditions did not result in increased cell death as assessed by LysoTracker Red staining (see Fig. S1B in the supplementary material), nor in dysmorphology of the l ...
PIPing on lysosome tubes
... and they can generate potent intracellular calcium (and other ionic) signals (Saftig and Klumperman, 2009; Morgan et al, 2011; Shen et al, 2011). The cytoplasmic surface of the lysosome mediates the delivery of cargo-containing vesicles and organelles via SNAREs and tethers, but is also a platform f ...
... and they can generate potent intracellular calcium (and other ionic) signals (Saftig and Klumperman, 2009; Morgan et al, 2011; Shen et al, 2011). The cytoplasmic surface of the lysosome mediates the delivery of cargo-containing vesicles and organelles via SNAREs and tethers, but is also a platform f ...
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... humans. Therefore, microorganism growth is not only an issue on Earth but also in manned space habitats like the International Space Station (ISS). The aim of the study was to identify physiological processes relevant for Micrococcus luteus attachment under microgravity conditions. The results demon ...
... humans. Therefore, microorganism growth is not only an issue on Earth but also in manned space habitats like the International Space Station (ISS). The aim of the study was to identify physiological processes relevant for Micrococcus luteus attachment under microgravity conditions. The results demon ...
1 by the Chemokines Macrophage Lymph Nodes During an Immune
... nodes in studies of nodes taken from HIV-1-infected patients and control subjects (29). Strong expression of MIP-1a in the HIV lymph nodes was associated with the accumulation of CD81 T cells in these tissues. The present experiments were designed to further define the potential in vivo role of MIP- ...
... nodes in studies of nodes taken from HIV-1-infected patients and control subjects (29). Strong expression of MIP-1a in the HIV lymph nodes was associated with the accumulation of CD81 T cells in these tissues. The present experiments were designed to further define the potential in vivo role of MIP- ...
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... the n bandlet can be distinguished after their first divisions (Zackson, 1984). Cells in one class (called nf) undergo an asymmetric division (large anterior daughter and small posterior daughter) approximately 22 h after they are born, whereas those in the other class (called ns) undergo a symmetri ...
... the n bandlet can be distinguished after their first divisions (Zackson, 1984). Cells in one class (called nf) undergo an asymmetric division (large anterior daughter and small posterior daughter) approximately 22 h after they are born, whereas those in the other class (called ns) undergo a symmetri ...
Patterning and morphogenesis of the follicle cell epithelium during
... germ line cells from stage 1 to 8 (Fig. 1A). However, starting at stage 9, a series of follicle cell migrations take place. The majority of follicle cells, which originally overlay the nurse cells, elongate and migrate posteriorly so that by stage 1OA, the oocyte is covered by a sheet of thick colum ...
... germ line cells from stage 1 to 8 (Fig. 1A). However, starting at stage 9, a series of follicle cell migrations take place. The majority of follicle cells, which originally overlay the nurse cells, elongate and migrate posteriorly so that by stage 1OA, the oocyte is covered by a sheet of thick colum ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.