How to define flow cytometry ? Méthodes d’étude de la cellule
... Medians method (manual) Slope method (automatic with new generation system) ...
... Medians method (manual) Slope method (automatic with new generation system) ...
Membrane Systems of Crab Fibers Departments of Biochemistry and
... SYNOPSIS. An electron microscopic study of internal and surface-connected membrane systems of leg muscle of the crab shows that there are three kinds of surfaceconnected membrane systems in addition to an intracellular sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). One is a system of large infoldings of the sarcolemm ...
... SYNOPSIS. An electron microscopic study of internal and surface-connected membrane systems of leg muscle of the crab shows that there are three kinds of surfaceconnected membrane systems in addition to an intracellular sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). One is a system of large infoldings of the sarcolemm ...
Mutations Defining Functional Regions of the Superantigen
... P. Marrack, manuscript in preparation). One of these antibodies, B344.1, was used both for quantitation and immunoaffinity purification of SEB and its mutants in these experiments. B344.1 is an IgG1 that was chosen because initial characterization showed that it had a high affinity for SEK bound equ ...
... P. Marrack, manuscript in preparation). One of these antibodies, B344.1, was used both for quantitation and immunoaffinity purification of SEB and its mutants in these experiments. B344.1 is an IgG1 that was chosen because initial characterization showed that it had a high affinity for SEK bound equ ...
Regulation of the Eukaryotic Redox-State through - diss.fu
... Cells which use aerobic metabolism gain more ATP per mole glucose, but also have to face the toxic side effects of oxygen. The mitochondrial electron transport chain is always somewhat “leaky”, leading to direct one-electron transfer to molecular oxygen and to the formation of the superoxide anion r ...
... Cells which use aerobic metabolism gain more ATP per mole glucose, but also have to face the toxic side effects of oxygen. The mitochondrial electron transport chain is always somewhat “leaky”, leading to direct one-electron transfer to molecular oxygen and to the formation of the superoxide anion r ...
E-cadherin controls β-catenin and NF
... 480 cells the activity of the fibronectin and LEF1 promoters was upregulated by co-expression of VP16-Rel (supplementary material Fig. S4), a fusion chimera containing the Rel DNA-binding domain of NF-κB-p65 and the transactivator domain of VP-16. We checked with ChIP experiments whether binding of ...
... 480 cells the activity of the fibronectin and LEF1 promoters was upregulated by co-expression of VP16-Rel (supplementary material Fig. S4), a fusion chimera containing the Rel DNA-binding domain of NF-κB-p65 and the transactivator domain of VP-16. We checked with ChIP experiments whether binding of ...
In Vivo Release of Mitotic Silencing of Ribosomal Gene
... For protein analysis, the cells were resuspended in SDS-PAGE sample buffer (Laemmli, 1970), sonicated, boiled for 5 min, and centrifuged. The supernatant corresponding to the same number of cells was loaded into the gel and proteins were run on a 12% polyacrylamide (acrylamide/bisacrylamide, 30:0.2) ...
... For protein analysis, the cells were resuspended in SDS-PAGE sample buffer (Laemmli, 1970), sonicated, boiled for 5 min, and centrifuged. The supernatant corresponding to the same number of cells was loaded into the gel and proteins were run on a 12% polyacrylamide (acrylamide/bisacrylamide, 30:0.2) ...
Full-Text PDF
... presence of a disubstituted double bond which were correlated with carbon signals of δ 135.4 (C-6) and δ 130.8 (C-7) in HMBC spectrum. The 1 H-NMR spectrum (Figure S2) showed also signals for six methyl groups, two singlets at δ 0.83 and 0.89, and four doublets at δ 0.82 (J = 6.8 Hz), 0.83 (J = 6.6 ...
... presence of a disubstituted double bond which were correlated with carbon signals of δ 135.4 (C-6) and δ 130.8 (C-7) in HMBC spectrum. The 1 H-NMR spectrum (Figure S2) showed also signals for six methyl groups, two singlets at δ 0.83 and 0.89, and four doublets at δ 0.82 (J = 6.8 Hz), 0.83 (J = 6.6 ...
PKC in limb development
... SUMMARY In developing limbs, numerous signaling molecules have been identified but less is know about the mechanisms by which such signals direct patterning. We have explored signal transduction pathways in the chicken limb bud. A cDNA encoding RACK1, a protein that binds and stabilizes activated pr ...
... SUMMARY In developing limbs, numerous signaling molecules have been identified but less is know about the mechanisms by which such signals direct patterning. We have explored signal transduction pathways in the chicken limb bud. A cDNA encoding RACK1, a protein that binds and stabilizes activated pr ...
Chloroplast structure: from chlorophyll granules to supra
... helices around the stacks. At each intersection, a narrow, neck-like membrane region connects the grana and stroma membrane domains. How this complex 3-D architecture of thylakoids is produced is still subject of debate. According to Brangeon and Mustardy (1979), the process starts with thylakoids t ...
... helices around the stacks. At each intersection, a narrow, neck-like membrane region connects the grana and stroma membrane domains. How this complex 3-D architecture of thylakoids is produced is still subject of debate. According to Brangeon and Mustardy (1979), the process starts with thylakoids t ...
protein membranes as models of cosmetic ingredients penetration
... Skin is the main layer wh ich protects the body against exogenous substances. The main barrier is located in the outer layer of the skin: stratum corneum (l). lt has a biphasic structure consisting of keratinized cells - the corneocytes - that are embedded in an ordered lipid matrix. There are many ...
... Skin is the main layer wh ich protects the body against exogenous substances. The main barrier is located in the outer layer of the skin: stratum corneum (l). lt has a biphasic structure consisting of keratinized cells - the corneocytes - that are embedded in an ordered lipid matrix. There are many ...
A Role for Neuregulin1 Signaling in Muscle Spindle Differentiation
... of the ETS family (Sharrocks, 2001), are each expressed by intrafusal but not extrafusal muscle fibers (Arber et al., 2000), and so provide molecular markers with which to probe early steps of muscle spindle differentiation. The identification of extrinsic signals responsible for the induction of ET ...
... of the ETS family (Sharrocks, 2001), are each expressed by intrafusal but not extrafusal muscle fibers (Arber et al., 2000), and so provide molecular markers with which to probe early steps of muscle spindle differentiation. The identification of extrinsic signals responsible for the induction of ET ...
Plant Wnt: deciphering a novel signalling pathway
... homologs57. Several studies have shown that ARPs play multiple roles in plant system including embryogenesis, endosperm development58, stress signalling and protein degradation59,60. ARM proteins have been associated with light signalling, hormonal response and maintenance of self-incompatibility in ...
... homologs57. Several studies have shown that ARPs play multiple roles in plant system including embryogenesis, endosperm development58, stress signalling and protein degradation59,60. ARM proteins have been associated with light signalling, hormonal response and maintenance of self-incompatibility in ...
The nullo protein is a component of the actin
... leading to the formation of multinuceate cells. To investigate the role of these genes during cellularization, we have made monoclonal antibodies to both proteins. The nullo protein is present from cycle 13 through the end of cellularization. During cycle 13, it localizes between interphase ...
... leading to the formation of multinuceate cells. To investigate the role of these genes during cellularization, we have made monoclonal antibodies to both proteins. The nullo protein is present from cycle 13 through the end of cellularization. During cycle 13, it localizes between interphase ...
Mitochondrial Dynamics in Mammals
... Mammals have two homologs of Fzo, termed mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) and mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). These proteins are 80% similar to each other and are broadly expressed in a wide range of cell types (Rojo et al., 2002; Santel et al., 2003). Most studies have described a uniform localization of human Mfn1 and Mfn2 ...
... Mammals have two homologs of Fzo, termed mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) and mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). These proteins are 80% similar to each other and are broadly expressed in a wide range of cell types (Rojo et al., 2002; Santel et al., 2003). Most studies have described a uniform localization of human Mfn1 and Mfn2 ...
The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the
... hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained specimens are now considered “obligatory/indispensable,” and others as “optional” according to their importance for diagnosis (Table 2).5 It is hoped that these clarifications will reduce previous ambiguity and may help to overcome the unsatisfactory reproducibilit ...
... hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained specimens are now considered “obligatory/indispensable,” and others as “optional” according to their importance for diagnosis (Table 2).5 It is hoped that these clarifications will reduce previous ambiguity and may help to overcome the unsatisfactory reproducibilit ...
Ion Changes in Legume Root Hairs Responding to Nod
... not observed in a non-legume (tomato cells), suggesting host specificity. An important contribution of this work was the observation that purified Nod factor from R. meliloti (NodRm-IV[S]) maintained the capability to induce the membrane depolarization. This single assay has provided a useful tool f ...
... not observed in a non-legume (tomato cells), suggesting host specificity. An important contribution of this work was the observation that purified Nod factor from R. meliloti (NodRm-IV[S]) maintained the capability to induce the membrane depolarization. This single assay has provided a useful tool f ...
Reduce Formation of SLP-76 Linker of Activated T Cells and SLP
... Early TCR signaling events are commonly studied in the context of the IS. However, at these cell contacts, signaling events can only be analyzed with limited optical and temporal resolution. Surfacemediated TCR stimulation is thus widely used as an alternative experimental system that reflects key a ...
... Early TCR signaling events are commonly studied in the context of the IS. However, at these cell contacts, signaling events can only be analyzed with limited optical and temporal resolution. Surfacemediated TCR stimulation is thus widely used as an alternative experimental system that reflects key a ...
a va i l a b l e a t... w w w. e l s e v i e...
... Recent reports indicate Delta processing follows a mechanism of regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP), which was first described for the proteolytic activation of Notch. The RIP mechanism requires sequential cleavage steps to occur within the juxtamembrane (JM) and transmembrane (TM) domains, wh ...
... Recent reports indicate Delta processing follows a mechanism of regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP), which was first described for the proteolytic activation of Notch. The RIP mechanism requires sequential cleavage steps to occur within the juxtamembrane (JM) and transmembrane (TM) domains, wh ...
Is ATP a Signaling Agent in Plants?
... ligand-gated nonselective cation channels (P2X receptors) and G-protein-coupled receptors (P2Y receptors). P2X receptors activate at higher eATP concentrations (micromoles) than P2Y (nanomoles; Khakh, 2001). Purinoceptors may contribute to Ca2⫹ signal transduction cascades directly (through Ca2⫹ per ...
... ligand-gated nonselective cation channels (P2X receptors) and G-protein-coupled receptors (P2Y receptors). P2X receptors activate at higher eATP concentrations (micromoles) than P2Y (nanomoles; Khakh, 2001). Purinoceptors may contribute to Ca2⫹ signal transduction cascades directly (through Ca2⫹ per ...
Processing of a Wheat Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll a/b Protein
... which sometimes resolved into three bands (data not shown), might be derived from the three precursor forms in a direct precursor-product relationship. To test this, we took advantage of the observation that the 31-kD polypeptide appeared first during translation (Fig. 3 A) and, thus, were able to s ...
... which sometimes resolved into three bands (data not shown), might be derived from the three precursor forms in a direct precursor-product relationship. To test this, we took advantage of the observation that the 31-kD polypeptide appeared first during translation (Fig. 3 A) and, thus, were able to s ...
The Arabidopsis trichome is an active mechanosensory switch
... to invite pH quantitation in the present case, but it is superb for assessing apoplastic pH differences and shifts. Apo-pHusion identified a number of trichome features that have not been well visualized previously. As noted earlier (and see all parts of Fig. 1), the overall pH of the branches and t ...
... to invite pH quantitation in the present case, but it is superb for assessing apoplastic pH differences and shifts. Apo-pHusion identified a number of trichome features that have not been well visualized previously. As noted earlier (and see all parts of Fig. 1), the overall pH of the branches and t ...
Lecture 06, case study - Taxol - Cal State LA
... 1964: Extract of Pacfic Yew bark showed anti-tumor activity, but limited supply of bark (endangered tree) delayed isolation of the active component 1971: Taxol identified as the anti-tumor molecule in Yew bark, but not explored as a drug for a further 12 years ...
... 1964: Extract of Pacfic Yew bark showed anti-tumor activity, but limited supply of bark (endangered tree) delayed isolation of the active component 1971: Taxol identified as the anti-tumor molecule in Yew bark, but not explored as a drug for a further 12 years ...
Mechanisms of transport through the Golgi complex
... followed by fission of the coated bud to form a vesicle. Hydrolysis of GTP eventually leads to release of the coat from the vesicle. The vesicle is targeted to the acceptor-compartment membrane by tethering complexes (long coiled-coil, green; multi-subunit, purple). For simplicity, the coat is not s ...
... followed by fission of the coated bud to form a vesicle. Hydrolysis of GTP eventually leads to release of the coat from the vesicle. The vesicle is targeted to the acceptor-compartment membrane by tethering complexes (long coiled-coil, green; multi-subunit, purple). For simplicity, the coat is not s ...
Plant basal resistance to nematodes: an update
... Overview of plant basal defence Plants have evolved a complex defence system. Preformed elements of defence, such as cell walls and their reinforcements, are the first barrier for any kind of invaders (Underwood, 2015). The plant defensive arsenal also includes a broad diversity of constitutively pr ...
... Overview of plant basal defence Plants have evolved a complex defence system. Preformed elements of defence, such as cell walls and their reinforcements, are the first barrier for any kind of invaders (Underwood, 2015). The plant defensive arsenal also includes a broad diversity of constitutively pr ...
An Auxin Gradient and Maximum in the Arabidopsis
... spheres and compared with the protoplast diameters to investigate whether protoplasts of different cell types displayed different degrees of expansion in the isolation buffer. As shown in Figure 2B, the increases in protoplast diameters were proportional to the diameters of the intact cells. The ave ...
... spheres and compared with the protoplast diameters to investigate whether protoplasts of different cell types displayed different degrees of expansion in the isolation buffer. As shown in Figure 2B, the increases in protoplast diameters were proportional to the diameters of the intact cells. The ave ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.