Caspary T, Larkins CE, Anderson KV. Dev Cell. 2007 May;12(5):767-78. The graded response to Sonic Hedgehog depends on cilia architecture.
... Is Shallow in the hnn Neural Tube and Independent of Shh Ligand Ptch1 is a direct transcriptional target of Shh signaling and therefore reflects Shh activity (Agren et al., 2004; Marigo et al., 1996). In wild-type embryos, there is a ventralto-dorsal gradient of Ptch1 expression, which can be assaye ...
... Is Shallow in the hnn Neural Tube and Independent of Shh Ligand Ptch1 is a direct transcriptional target of Shh signaling and therefore reflects Shh activity (Agren et al., 2004; Marigo et al., 1996). In wild-type embryos, there is a ventralto-dorsal gradient of Ptch1 expression, which can be assaye ...
Biosynthesis of Peptidoglycan in Wall plus Membrane Preparations
... Determination of enzyme activity in wall +membrane preparations. The complete reaction mixture contained (in a final volume of 200 pl) 50 mM-Tris/HCl (PH 7.8), 20 m~-MgCl,, I m~-2-mercaptoethanol, IOO m~-NH,cl, 15 mM-ATP and enzyme preparation (100,d). Radioactively labelled and unlabelled substrate ...
... Determination of enzyme activity in wall +membrane preparations. The complete reaction mixture contained (in a final volume of 200 pl) 50 mM-Tris/HCl (PH 7.8), 20 m~-MgCl,, I m~-2-mercaptoethanol, IOO m~-NH,cl, 15 mM-ATP and enzyme preparation (100,d). Radioactively labelled and unlabelled substrate ...
FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein associates
... The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. ...
... The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. ...
The Role of Cyclin B in Meiosis I
... at the end of oogenesis and fertilization activates the onset of the mitotic cell cycles (Masui and Clarke, 1979). However, in contrast to somatic ceils, most embryonic cells have abbreviated cell cycles consisting of rapid, alternating periods of DNA synthesis (interphase) and mitosis (M phase). Th ...
... at the end of oogenesis and fertilization activates the onset of the mitotic cell cycles (Masui and Clarke, 1979). However, in contrast to somatic ceils, most embryonic cells have abbreviated cell cycles consisting of rapid, alternating periods of DNA synthesis (interphase) and mitosis (M phase). Th ...
Architecture and Biosynthesis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell
... direct, and the number of genes that encode enzymes directly involved in biosynthesis or remodeling of the wall, or nonenzymatic wall proteins, is now 180 (see Supporting Information, Table S1). This review covers these proteins, with emphasis on the wall of vegetative cells during the budding cycl ...
... direct, and the number of genes that encode enzymes directly involved in biosynthesis or remodeling of the wall, or nonenzymatic wall proteins, is now 180 (see Supporting Information, Table S1). This review covers these proteins, with emphasis on the wall of vegetative cells during the budding cycl ...
Diacylglycerol kinases - University of Toronto Mississauga
... DAG kinase catalytic domains share some similarities, there are important structural differences between them that may allow DGK catalytic domains to access DAG in lipid bilayers, a property not required for most protein kinases. In most cases, the DGK catalytic domains are composed of a single moti ...
... DAG kinase catalytic domains share some similarities, there are important structural differences between them that may allow DGK catalytic domains to access DAG in lipid bilayers, a property not required for most protein kinases. In most cases, the DGK catalytic domains are composed of a single moti ...
In Vitro Assays Demonstrate That Pollen Tube Organelles Use
... Studies of cytoplasmic streaming have revealed that organelle transport in plant cells is an AF-dependent process. Dynamic interactions between AFs and membranes are responsible for vesicle movement during secretion, endocytosis, mitochondrial inheritance, the maintenance of an even distribution of ...
... Studies of cytoplasmic streaming have revealed that organelle transport in plant cells is an AF-dependent process. Dynamic interactions between AFs and membranes are responsible for vesicle movement during secretion, endocytosis, mitochondrial inheritance, the maintenance of an even distribution of ...
The PDZ-GEF Dizzy regulates cell shape of migrating macrophages
... In Drosophila embryos, macrophages originate from the cephalic mesoderm and perform a complex migration throughout the entire embryo. The molecular mechanisms regulating this cell migration remain largely unknown. We identified the Drosophila PDZ G-nucleotide exchange factor (PDZ-GEF) Dizzy as a comp ...
... In Drosophila embryos, macrophages originate from the cephalic mesoderm and perform a complex migration throughout the entire embryo. The molecular mechanisms regulating this cell migration remain largely unknown. We identified the Drosophila PDZ G-nucleotide exchange factor (PDZ-GEF) Dizzy as a comp ...
Role of CD26-adenosine deaminase interaction in T cell
... is its ability to enter into an endocytosis/exocytosis cycle, which involves re-entry into the Golgi apparatus and results in glycosilation changes. This might explain the different forms of CD26 during T cell activation(1). However, it has been recently demonstrated that none of the nine N-linked g ...
... is its ability to enter into an endocytosis/exocytosis cycle, which involves re-entry into the Golgi apparatus and results in glycosilation changes. This might explain the different forms of CD26 during T cell activation(1). However, it has been recently demonstrated that none of the nine N-linked g ...
Disruption of gradient expression of Zic3 resulted in abnormal intra
... from all radial positions within the cup-shaped retina project to optic disc, a small opening in the center of the retina. From optic disc, the axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve (Fig. 1) (Halfter, 1985; Thanos and Mey, 2001). Ganglion cells located at central positions of the retina differe ...
... from all radial positions within the cup-shaped retina project to optic disc, a small opening in the center of the retina. From optic disc, the axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve (Fig. 1) (Halfter, 1985; Thanos and Mey, 2001). Ganglion cells located at central positions of the retina differe ...
Nanoscale Architecture of Endoplasmic Reticulum Export Sites and
... structures that had an extremely short half-life of only ,10 s and seemed to form randomly over the ER. The number of such structures was also greater than the number of Golgi stacks, and the Golgi stacks were seen to associate intermittently with such sites. These results, which partly contradict t ...
... structures that had an extremely short half-life of only ,10 s and seemed to form randomly over the ER. The number of such structures was also greater than the number of Golgi stacks, and the Golgi stacks were seen to associate intermittently with such sites. These results, which partly contradict t ...
PDF Datastream - Brown Digital Repository
... RsaA- using Q-TOF or LTQ-Orbitrap……………………...............................................81 Figure 3.8: Functional classification of total 91 putative surface-exposed proteins identified using both Q-TOF and LTQ-Orbitrap method..................................................82 Figure 3.9: Distribu ...
... RsaA- using Q-TOF or LTQ-Orbitrap……………………...............................................81 Figure 3.8: Functional classification of total 91 putative surface-exposed proteins identified using both Q-TOF and LTQ-Orbitrap method..................................................82 Figure 3.9: Distribu ...
A Nascent Membrane Protein Is Located Adjacent to
... bilayer and is released into the lumen of the ER (Walter and Lingappa, 1986). In contrast, the nonpolar transmembrane segments of membrane proteins (also termed "stop-transfer" sequences; Blobel, 1980) do not pass through the bilayer, but are integrated into the membrane. The stop-transfer sequence ...
... bilayer and is released into the lumen of the ER (Walter and Lingappa, 1986). In contrast, the nonpolar transmembrane segments of membrane proteins (also termed "stop-transfer" sequences; Blobel, 1980) do not pass through the bilayer, but are integrated into the membrane. The stop-transfer sequence ...
Cardiac muscle
... even if they are not consciously being contracted. 3) A muscle is typically stretched to some length (preload) such that the overlap between actin filaments and myosin heads is optimized; too little or too much preload will lead to less contraction in skeletal muscle because fewer crossbridges can f ...
... even if they are not consciously being contracted. 3) A muscle is typically stretched to some length (preload) such that the overlap between actin filaments and myosin heads is optimized; too little or too much preload will lead to less contraction in skeletal muscle because fewer crossbridges can f ...
A Nascent Membrane Protein Is Located Adjacent to ER Membrane
... bilayer and is released into the lumen of the ER (Walter and Lingappa, 1986). In contrast, the nonpolar transmembrane segments of membrane proteins (also termed "stop-transfer" sequences; Blobel, 1980) do not pass through the bilayer, but are integrated into the membrane. The stop-transfer sequence ...
... bilayer and is released into the lumen of the ER (Walter and Lingappa, 1986). In contrast, the nonpolar transmembrane segments of membrane proteins (also termed "stop-transfer" sequences; Blobel, 1980) do not pass through the bilayer, but are integrated into the membrane. The stop-transfer sequence ...
Theme 1 Molecules, Cells and the Basis for Disease
... Email: [email protected] Website: https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/cathy.shanahan.html Project description: There is now mounting experimental evidence suggesting the intriguing possibility that mechanical forces at the cell surface may promote mechanochemical conversion in the nucleus. Consi ...
... Email: [email protected] Website: https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/cathy.shanahan.html Project description: There is now mounting experimental evidence suggesting the intriguing possibility that mechanical forces at the cell surface may promote mechanochemical conversion in the nucleus. Consi ...
lecture43.pps
... biophysical reasons, there is little similarity between cell surface/secreted and nuclear/cytosolic glycans. ...
... biophysical reasons, there is little similarity between cell surface/secreted and nuclear/cytosolic glycans. ...
ORDINARy DIFFERENTIAL EqUATIONS AND CELLULAR
... Agents' behaviors are determined by rules. These rules range from simple first order predicate logic to algorithms comprising thousands of lines of code. (this is called a video game in that case) In many ABM applications, modelers introduce some form of spatial landscape (e.g., lattice) that constr ...
... Agents' behaviors are determined by rules. These rules range from simple first order predicate logic to algorithms comprising thousands of lines of code. (this is called a video game in that case) In many ABM applications, modelers introduce some form of spatial landscape (e.g., lattice) that constr ...
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling
... stress-responsive process capable of temporarily restoring cellular nutrient and energy balance. ...
... stress-responsive process capable of temporarily restoring cellular nutrient and energy balance. ...
Effects of Ammonia and Lactate on Hybridoma Growth, Metabolism
... the mode of reactor operation, cell and glutamine concentrations, and cellular activities. Although ammonia concentrations of 2-5 mM are typical in batch cultures,” they can be higher in glutamine-limited fedbatch reactors where glutamine is added into the reactor continually, leading to more ammoni ...
... the mode of reactor operation, cell and glutamine concentrations, and cellular activities. Although ammonia concentrations of 2-5 mM are typical in batch cultures,” they can be higher in glutamine-limited fedbatch reactors where glutamine is added into the reactor continually, leading to more ammoni ...
Disruption of early proximodistal patterning and AVE
... et al., 2003) and released from a complex that promotes its ubiquitination and degradation. The tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) is a key component of this complex, acting as a scaffold to which -catenin, Axin1 and Axin2 can bind (Polakis, 2001; van Es et al., 2003), and ca ...
... et al., 2003) and released from a complex that promotes its ubiquitination and degradation. The tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) is a key component of this complex, acting as a scaffold to which -catenin, Axin1 and Axin2 can bind (Polakis, 2001; van Es et al., 2003), and ca ...
1 Calcium at the Cell Wall
... et al., 1996). As is increasingly well appreciated, Ca2+ in the cytoplasm participates in myriad events where it acts as a second messenger in a host of signaling pathways. ...
... et al., 1996). As is increasingly well appreciated, Ca2+ in the cytoplasm participates in myriad events where it acts as a second messenger in a host of signaling pathways. ...
Fungi represent a group of heterotrophic living organisms which are
... Instead, hyphae of one mycelium fuse with those of the other. These two mating hyphae are morphologically similar but physiologically different and are designated as plus (+) and minus (-). The fusion of two hyphae, called plasmogamy, is not immediately followed by the nuclear fusion, called karyog ...
... Instead, hyphae of one mycelium fuse with those of the other. These two mating hyphae are morphologically similar but physiologically different and are designated as plus (+) and minus (-). The fusion of two hyphae, called plasmogamy, is not immediately followed by the nuclear fusion, called karyog ...
advanced electroporation techniques in biology and medicine
... small and large molecules, the fusion of cells, and the insertion of proteins into the cell membrane. At this optimization, auxiliary pulses are sometimes used, such as electrophoretic pulses for DNA and dielectrophoretic pulses for cell pearl chain formation in fusion. Nowadays, electroporation is ...
... small and large molecules, the fusion of cells, and the insertion of proteins into the cell membrane. At this optimization, auxiliary pulses are sometimes used, such as electrophoretic pulses for DNA and dielectrophoretic pulses for cell pearl chain formation in fusion. Nowadays, electroporation is ...
How to define flow cytometry ? Méthodes d’étude de la cellule
... Medians method (manual) Slope method (automatic with new generation system) ...
... Medians method (manual) Slope method (automatic with new generation system) ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.