Recitation 4: glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the citric acid cycle
... Basics of metabolism • ATP is the cell’s energy currency • Catabolism: turning carbon fuels into ATP • glycolysis, the citric acid cycle • Fuel CO2 + H2O + energy ...
... Basics of metabolism • ATP is the cell’s energy currency • Catabolism: turning carbon fuels into ATP • glycolysis, the citric acid cycle • Fuel CO2 + H2O + energy ...
Cellular Respiration
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic molecules, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules Remember that the citric acid cycle processes two molecules of acetyl CoA for each initial glucose. Thus, after two turns of the citric acid cycle, the overall yield per glucose mole ...
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic molecules, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules Remember that the citric acid cycle processes two molecules of acetyl CoA for each initial glucose. Thus, after two turns of the citric acid cycle, the overall yield per glucose mole ...
Cellular Metabolism and Nutrition notes
... • The process that releases energy from molecules of glucose and makes it available for cellular use. (In the form of ATP). • Includes 2 pathways – Aerobic - requires oxygen. – Anaerobic - no oxygen required. ...
... • The process that releases energy from molecules of glucose and makes it available for cellular use. (In the form of ATP). • Includes 2 pathways – Aerobic - requires oxygen. – Anaerobic - no oxygen required. ...
CHEMICAL REACTIONS, ENZYMES, ATP, CELLULAR
... 17. On average, how many ATP can be made from each NADH during the ETC? 18. On average, how many ATP can be made from each FADH2 during the ETC? 19. What happens after glycolysis if there is no ...
... 17. On average, how many ATP can be made from each NADH during the ETC? 18. On average, how many ATP can be made from each FADH2 during the ETC? 19. What happens after glycolysis if there is no ...
Completed notes
... travel through the proteins in the ETC. 3. ATP Produced – ATP synthase adds phosphate groups to ADP to make ATP. For each pair of electrons that passes through the ETC, 3 ATPs are made. 4. Water formed – Oxygen enters cellular respiration process & picks up electrons & hydrogen ions to form water. ...
... travel through the proteins in the ETC. 3. ATP Produced – ATP synthase adds phosphate groups to ADP to make ATP. For each pair of electrons that passes through the ETC, 3 ATPs are made. 4. Water formed – Oxygen enters cellular respiration process & picks up electrons & hydrogen ions to form water. ...
NVC Bio 120 lect 9 cell respiration
... The Pathway of Electron Transport Electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 to the electron transport chain Electrons are passed through a number of proteins including cytochromes (each with an iron atom) to O2 ...
... The Pathway of Electron Transport Electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 to the electron transport chain Electrons are passed through a number of proteins including cytochromes (each with an iron atom) to O2 ...
Lecture 9
... Stepwise Energy Harvest via NAD+ and the Electron Transport Chain • In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps • Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD+, a coenzyme • As an electron acceptor, NAD+ functions as an ...
... Stepwise Energy Harvest via NAD+ and the Electron Transport Chain • In cellular respiration, glucose and other organic molecules are broken down in a series of steps • Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD+, a coenzyme • As an electron acceptor, NAD+ functions as an ...
Cellular respiration
... Electrons delivered by NADH and FADH2 are passed to a series of electron acceptors as they move toward the terminal electron acceptor, oxygen. ...
... Electrons delivered by NADH and FADH2 are passed to a series of electron acceptors as they move toward the terminal electron acceptor, oxygen. ...
Document
... 6.16 Cells use many kinds of organic molecules as fuel for cellular respiration • Polysaccharides can be hydrolyzed to monosaccharides and then converted to glucose for glycolysis • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the ...
... 6.16 Cells use many kinds of organic molecules as fuel for cellular respiration • Polysaccharides can be hydrolyzed to monosaccharides and then converted to glucose for glycolysis • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the ...
Bioenergetics Test Study Guide - Mater Academy Lakes High School
... The high energy electrons are then passed down an electron transport chain to produce energy in the form of ATP. As electrons pass down the electron transport chain, hydrogen ions are pulled into the thylakoids space. The high concentration of H+ ions are then forced out of an enzyme called ATP synt ...
... The high energy electrons are then passed down an electron transport chain to produce energy in the form of ATP. As electrons pass down the electron transport chain, hydrogen ions are pulled into the thylakoids space. The high concentration of H+ ions are then forced out of an enzyme called ATP synt ...
Honors Biology A 4W5 Respiration (divide by
... a. nitric acid b. lipids c. citric acid d. surpluses e. acetic acid ends with the chemical ______. ...
... a. nitric acid b. lipids c. citric acid d. surpluses e. acetic acid ends with the chemical ______. ...
4.4.1 Respiration
... small yield of ATP and reduced NAD; 7. State that, during aerobic respiration in animals, pyruvate is actively transported into mitochondria; 8. Explain, with the aid of diagrams and electron micrographs, how the structure of mitochondria enables them to carry out their functions; 9. State that the ...
... small yield of ATP and reduced NAD; 7. State that, during aerobic respiration in animals, pyruvate is actively transported into mitochondria; 8. Explain, with the aid of diagrams and electron micrographs, how the structure of mitochondria enables them to carry out their functions; 9. State that the ...
Student Study Guide
... cellular respiration yields H2O, CO2, and energy in the form of ATP and heat. Redox reactions release energy when electrons move closer to electronegative atoms (pp. 156-158, FIGURE 9.3) The cell taps the energy stored in food molecules through redox reactions, in which one substance partially or to ...
... cellular respiration yields H2O, CO2, and energy in the form of ATP and heat. Redox reactions release energy when electrons move closer to electronegative atoms (pp. 156-158, FIGURE 9.3) The cell taps the energy stored in food molecules through redox reactions, in which one substance partially or to ...
Energy in the Cell
... Cells oxidize glucose to form carbon dioxide and water. The cell removes electrons from glucose (in a series of steps), which converts it to carbon dioxide. The energy stored in the electrons is used to make ATP. Finally, the electrons are given to oxygen molecules, converting them to water. By pass ...
... Cells oxidize glucose to form carbon dioxide and water. The cell removes electrons from glucose (in a series of steps), which converts it to carbon dioxide. The energy stored in the electrons is used to make ATP. Finally, the electrons are given to oxygen molecules, converting them to water. By pass ...
Exam#2-`95
... 10. The purpose of the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is to transport electrons and protons from cytosolic _________ to mitochondrial ____________. a. NADH, NADH b. NADH, FADH2 c. FADH2, FADH2 d. FADH2, NADH e. ADP, ATP 11. The two main sources of proton release during catabolism in skeletal muscle ar ...
... 10. The purpose of the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is to transport electrons and protons from cytosolic _________ to mitochondrial ____________. a. NADH, NADH b. NADH, FADH2 c. FADH2, FADH2 d. FADH2, NADH e. ADP, ATP 11. The two main sources of proton release during catabolism in skeletal muscle ar ...
Cellular Respiration
... Each NADH & H+ converts to 3 ATP. Each FADH2 converts to 2 ATP (enters the ETC at a lower level than NADH & H+). ...
... Each NADH & H+ converts to 3 ATP. Each FADH2 converts to 2 ATP (enters the ETC at a lower level than NADH & H+). ...
Cellular Respiration PowerPoint
... different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. ...
... different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. ...
Cellular Respiration
... different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. During both cellular respiration and fermentation, energy is released when the chemical bonds that hold the food molecules together are broken. All organisms then use elements, such as carbon, to build their own biol ...
... different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. During both cellular respiration and fermentation, energy is released when the chemical bonds that hold the food molecules together are broken. All organisms then use elements, such as carbon, to build their own biol ...
2007 Exam 3 1. The goal of the oxidative phase of the pentose
... b. 2 ATP molecules are produced, 2 molecules of lactate are produced, and 2 molecules of NADH are produced c. 1 molecule of glucose is converted to 2 molecules of pyruvate d. 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate are converted to 2 molecules of 1,3bisphosphoglycerate and 2 molecules of NADH are ...
... b. 2 ATP molecules are produced, 2 molecules of lactate are produced, and 2 molecules of NADH are produced c. 1 molecule of glucose is converted to 2 molecules of pyruvate d. 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate are converted to 2 molecules of 1,3bisphosphoglycerate and 2 molecules of NADH are ...
BY 330 Spring 2015Worksheet 4 Name the substrate ligand and
... that enzyme will work in. For example, if there is too much product present, these enzymes will work in reverse and if there is too much substrate present, the enzyme will work in the forward direction. Hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and phosphofructokinase do not follow this law. They are rate-limiti ...
... that enzyme will work in. For example, if there is too much product present, these enzymes will work in reverse and if there is too much substrate present, the enzyme will work in the forward direction. Hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and phosphofructokinase do not follow this law. They are rate-limiti ...
Bio II Elodea Lab: Photosynthesis and Cellular
... electrons from the reduced NADH and FADH2 and creates a ___________gradient across the membrane. For each electron pair passing down the chain from NADH, enough force is generated to produce ________ ATPs. Since it donates electrons electrons at a lower energy level, FADH2 is worth only_______ ATPs. ...
... electrons from the reduced NADH and FADH2 and creates a ___________gradient across the membrane. For each electron pair passing down the chain from NADH, enough force is generated to produce ________ ATPs. Since it donates electrons electrons at a lower energy level, FADH2 is worth only_______ ATPs. ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.