spatial control of cell expansion by the plant cytoskeleton
... by University of California - San Diego on 10/18/05. For personal use only. ...
... by University of California - San Diego on 10/18/05. For personal use only. ...
Topics Standard cell layout Standard cell structure Standard cell
... Spacing between tracks is center-to-center distance between wires. Track spacing depends on wire layer used. ...
... Spacing between tracks is center-to-center distance between wires. Track spacing depends on wire layer used. ...
The Role of the Cell Cycle Machinery in
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.049361. ...
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.049361. ...
Autotroph or Heterotroph
... Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms. They do not have much in common except that they are relatively simple eukaryotes. They are either unicellular or multicellular without reaching the specialized tissue level of organization. Protists include organisms such as algae, amoebae ...
... Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms. They do not have much in common except that they are relatively simple eukaryotes. They are either unicellular or multicellular without reaching the specialized tissue level of organization. Protists include organisms such as algae, amoebae ...
Stem cell technology for drug discovery and development
... eltrombopag [28] (Promacta/Revolade), which stimulate the production of red blood cells and platelets respectively, from haemopoietic progenitor cells. Eltrombopag, a thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist, was discovered in a traditional drug screen using a recombinant cell line expressing the TPO r ...
... eltrombopag [28] (Promacta/Revolade), which stimulate the production of red blood cells and platelets respectively, from haemopoietic progenitor cells. Eltrombopag, a thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist, was discovered in a traditional drug screen using a recombinant cell line expressing the TPO r ...
Programmed Cell Death in Floral Organs: How and Why do Flowers
... In the tapetum and pollen-tubes, there is compelling evidence to support an important role for the mitochondrion and involvement of caspases. This suggests a mechanism similar to animal apoptosis, although caution must be exercised in drawing too close a parallel, as engulfment of cellular remains b ...
... In the tapetum and pollen-tubes, there is compelling evidence to support an important role for the mitochondrion and involvement of caspases. This suggests a mechanism similar to animal apoptosis, although caution must be exercised in drawing too close a parallel, as engulfment of cellular remains b ...
Germinal Center Dynamics Revealed by Multiphoton Microscopy with a Photoactivatable Fluorescent Reporter
... restricted to the DZ, with a net vector of B cell movement from the DZ to the LZ. The decision to return to the DZ and undergo clonal expansion is controlled by T helper cells in the GC LZ, which discern between LZ B cells based on the amount of antigen captured and presented. Thus, T cell help, and ...
... restricted to the DZ, with a net vector of B cell movement from the DZ to the LZ. The decision to return to the DZ and undergo clonal expansion is controlled by T helper cells in the GC LZ, which discern between LZ B cells based on the amount of antigen captured and presented. Thus, T cell help, and ...
PowerPoint format
... virus circulates in the body of the insect. In Persistent transmission the aphid retains the virus in its body for days or weeks spreading it to many plants as it moves and feeds. ...
... virus circulates in the body of the insect. In Persistent transmission the aphid retains the virus in its body for days or weeks spreading it to many plants as it moves and feeds. ...
The Type II Arabidopsis Formin14 Interacts with Microtubules and
... characterization of nerve growth cone guidance (Tanaka et al., 1995; Dent and Gertler, 2003). In plant cells, microtubules and microfilaments are often codistributed in the cortical area in interphase cells (Blancaflor, 2000) and colocalize in structures, such as the preprophase band, mitotic spindl ...
... characterization of nerve growth cone guidance (Tanaka et al., 1995; Dent and Gertler, 2003). In plant cells, microtubules and microfilaments are often codistributed in the cortical area in interphase cells (Blancaflor, 2000) and colocalize in structures, such as the preprophase band, mitotic spindl ...
staxanthin, a kotenoid without Vitamin A Activity,
... F ive d later, cells were harvested and numbers of Absecreting cells were measured by an Ag-specific ELISPOT assay.The Ig levtis in the supematant were measured by ELISA. Spleen cells were obtained from unprimed syngeneic m ice; BLO m ice for A.E7 cells and DBA/2 m ice for CDC35 cells. A summary of ...
... F ive d later, cells were harvested and numbers of Absecreting cells were measured by an Ag-specific ELISPOT assay.The Ig levtis in the supematant were measured by ELISA. Spleen cells were obtained from unprimed syngeneic m ice; BLO m ice for A.E7 cells and DBA/2 m ice for CDC35 cells. A summary of ...
Leaf Development - Plant Ontology Wiki
... under the epidermal layer (red in 2). After the first divisions also periclinal (at right angles to the surface) divisions occur the epidermis as well as in the layers underneath (blue in 2). 3- The result is a small bulge (3) that will further develop into a leaf. From this point on, leaf growth di ...
... under the epidermal layer (red in 2). After the first divisions also periclinal (at right angles to the surface) divisions occur the epidermis as well as in the layers underneath (blue in 2). 3- The result is a small bulge (3) that will further develop into a leaf. From this point on, leaf growth di ...
Mathematical Modelling of the Loss of Tissue Compression
... presence of other cells and their behaviour then crucially depends on how they can stand the pressure. We then focus on how this can affect both mitosis and production of extracellular matrix and matrix degrading enzymes. We start from the following phenomenological observations which are described ...
... presence of other cells and their behaviour then crucially depends on how they can stand the pressure. We then focus on how this can affect both mitosis and production of extracellular matrix and matrix degrading enzymes. We start from the following phenomenological observations which are described ...
OCULAR and STAGE MICROMETERS
... The method was adequate and even desirable for certain observations, but the constant motion of cells, due either to natural motility or Brownian movement, made accurate morphological studies very difficult. Robert Koch, during his classical research on anthrax, prepared thin films of bacteria on gl ...
... The method was adequate and even desirable for certain observations, but the constant motion of cells, due either to natural motility or Brownian movement, made accurate morphological studies very difficult. Robert Koch, during his classical research on anthrax, prepared thin films of bacteria on gl ...
Voltage-dependent Ionic Conductances of Type I Spiral Ganglion
... has been gathered on eighth nerve single-fiber activity (for reviews, see Javel, 1986; Ruggero, 1992), and this information has aided in understanding much of what is known about mammalian inner ear function. The afferent innervation pattern of the organ of Corti provides an anatomical clue to the r ...
... has been gathered on eighth nerve single-fiber activity (for reviews, see Javel, 1986; Ruggero, 1992), and this information has aided in understanding much of what is known about mammalian inner ear function. The afferent innervation pattern of the organ of Corti provides an anatomical clue to the r ...
Yeast as a Model Organism to Study Transport and
... strain lacking its own alkali-metal-cation exporters (ena1-4∆ nha1∆). The entire Nha1p C-terminus domain was necessary neither for proper localization of the antiporter in the plasma membrane nor for transport of all four substrates. Partial truncation of the C-terminus of about 70 last amino acids ...
... strain lacking its own alkali-metal-cation exporters (ena1-4∆ nha1∆). The entire Nha1p C-terminus domain was necessary neither for proper localization of the antiporter in the plasma membrane nor for transport of all four substrates. Partial truncation of the C-terminus of about 70 last amino acids ...
Kinetics of binding, uptake and degradation of live
... equally proficient at phagocytosis. The results indicate that there are differences in the rate of phagocytosis between these commonly used strains. The most striking difference is that AX4 is less efficient at internalizing DsRed-Ec than NC4-A2, AX2 or AX3-K (Fig. 2a). The AX4 cell line is also les ...
... equally proficient at phagocytosis. The results indicate that there are differences in the rate of phagocytosis between these commonly used strains. The most striking difference is that AX4 is less efficient at internalizing DsRed-Ec than NC4-A2, AX2 or AX3-K (Fig. 2a). The AX4 cell line is also les ...
Autophagy in Tobacco BY-2 Cells Cultured under
... 1996, Moriyasu and Ohsumi 1996, Rose et al. 2006). However, the actual lytic compartments in this cell system have not been characterized (Bassham et al. 2006). Sycamore cells start to form autophagic ‘vacuoles’ approximately 14 h after transfer into sucrose-free medium. The majority of these struct ...
... 1996, Moriyasu and Ohsumi 1996, Rose et al. 2006). However, the actual lytic compartments in this cell system have not been characterized (Bassham et al. 2006). Sycamore cells start to form autophagic ‘vacuoles’ approximately 14 h after transfer into sucrose-free medium. The majority of these struct ...
1111138443_282428
... © 2012 Delmar Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
... © 2012 Delmar Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
Strategies of actin reorganisation in plant cells
... between growth, shrinking and pausing phases (reviewed in Desai and Mitchison, 1997). The switch between phases usually occurs at the dynamic plus-end of microtubules depending on the nucleotide bound to the tubulin dimer and the activity of microtubule-binding proteins. The fundamental behaviour of ...
... between growth, shrinking and pausing phases (reviewed in Desai and Mitchison, 1997). The switch between phases usually occurs at the dynamic plus-end of microtubules depending on the nucleotide bound to the tubulin dimer and the activity of microtubule-binding proteins. The fundamental behaviour of ...
9) Senescence and programmed cell death (PCD)
... Programmed death - Programmed Cell Death (PCD) – is essential part of the growth and development of eukaryotic organisms and Their responses to stress ...
... Programmed death - Programmed Cell Death (PCD) – is essential part of the growth and development of eukaryotic organisms and Their responses to stress ...
A Study of the Effect of Different Growth Medium Concentrations on
... Chondrocyte Cultures. Using RT-PCR, cDNA was created from mRNA purified from chondrocyte cultures, amplified, and run on an agarose gel. The first lane indicates a DNA ladder, the next two lanes contains Collagen I cDNA from the 6 mL and 9mL samples, respectively. Both samples contain bright bands c ...
... Chondrocyte Cultures. Using RT-PCR, cDNA was created from mRNA purified from chondrocyte cultures, amplified, and run on an agarose gel. The first lane indicates a DNA ladder, the next two lanes contains Collagen I cDNA from the 6 mL and 9mL samples, respectively. Both samples contain bright bands c ...
The effects of hydrostatic pressure on ribosome conformation in
... liquid culture at 37 "C using a 1O h (v/v) inoculum of stationary-phase cells was approximately 1.0 h. The lag increased to 2.8 h when the inoculum consisted of cells immediately after pressure treatment, and to 4-5 h when cells were inoculated 2 h after pressure treatment (data not shown). The incr ...
... liquid culture at 37 "C using a 1O h (v/v) inoculum of stationary-phase cells was approximately 1.0 h. The lag increased to 2.8 h when the inoculum consisted of cells immediately after pressure treatment, and to 4-5 h when cells were inoculated 2 h after pressure treatment (data not shown). The incr ...
The effects of hydrostatic pressure on ribosome conformation in
... liquid culture at 37 "C using a 1O h (v/v) inoculum of stationary-phase cells was approximately 1.0 h. The lag increased to 2.8 h when the inoculum consisted of cells immediately after pressure treatment, and to 4-5 h when cells were inoculated 2 h after pressure treatment (data not shown). The incr ...
... liquid culture at 37 "C using a 1O h (v/v) inoculum of stationary-phase cells was approximately 1.0 h. The lag increased to 2.8 h when the inoculum consisted of cells immediately after pressure treatment, and to 4-5 h when cells were inoculated 2 h after pressure treatment (data not shown). The incr ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.