somatic hybridization - GCG-42
... Regeneration of hybrid plants • Plants are induced to regenerate from hybrid calli. • These hybrid plants must be at least partially fertile, in addition to having some useful property, to be of any use in breeding schemes. ...
... Regeneration of hybrid plants • Plants are induced to regenerate from hybrid calli. • These hybrid plants must be at least partially fertile, in addition to having some useful property, to be of any use in breeding schemes. ...
Interaction with PI3-kinase contributes to the cytotoxic activity ofApoptin S Maddika
... Our data further suggest that the PI3-K pathway is involved in localization of apoptin. Inhibition of the PI3-K pathway using wortmannin or RNA interference retained apoptin in the cytoplasm and led to its nuclear exclusion, hence impairing cell death. PI3-K has been mainly implicated in lipid signa ...
... Our data further suggest that the PI3-K pathway is involved in localization of apoptin. Inhibition of the PI3-K pathway using wortmannin or RNA interference retained apoptin in the cytoplasm and led to its nuclear exclusion, hence impairing cell death. PI3-K has been mainly implicated in lipid signa ...
Cell shrinkage and apoptosis: a role for potassium and sodium ion
... liphophylic dye, merocyanine 540 (MC540), which selectively stains disordered or loosely packed membranes (Williamson et al, 1983; McEvoy et al, 1988). Irradiated HL-60 were stained with MC540 to detect changes in lipid distribution at various times thereafter. As shown in Figure 2B, before irradiat ...
... liphophylic dye, merocyanine 540 (MC540), which selectively stains disordered or loosely packed membranes (Williamson et al, 1983; McEvoy et al, 1988). Irradiated HL-60 were stained with MC540 to detect changes in lipid distribution at various times thereafter. As shown in Figure 2B, before irradiat ...
This is an open-book, 1 week long, take
... The protein has an N terminal signal that is required for translocation. The N terminal signal does not appear to be cleaved during translocation. The protein will translocate through the endosomal channel even in the absence of the bacterial membrane channel. Most students had correct answers for t ...
... The protein has an N terminal signal that is required for translocation. The N terminal signal does not appear to be cleaved during translocation. The protein will translocate through the endosomal channel even in the absence of the bacterial membrane channel. Most students had correct answers for t ...
Scalable Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Production
... spectrum of diseases (Aucoin et al., 2008). AAV is a dependovirus whose full life cycle is complemented by a helper virus, most often adenovirus or herpes simplex virus (Muzyczka and Berns, 2001). In addition, AAV wild-type infections lack pathological effects, conferring an added measure of safety ...
... spectrum of diseases (Aucoin et al., 2008). AAV is a dependovirus whose full life cycle is complemented by a helper virus, most often adenovirus or herpes simplex virus (Muzyczka and Berns, 2001). In addition, AAV wild-type infections lack pathological effects, conferring an added measure of safety ...
jxb.oxfordjournals.org
... overexpression markedly decreased the cell division activity and the expression of cell cycle-related genes, but resulted in an increased percentage of leaf cells with a higher ploidy level, indicating that miR396 negatively regulates cell proliferation by controlling entry into the mitotic cell cyc ...
... overexpression markedly decreased the cell division activity and the expression of cell cycle-related genes, but resulted in an increased percentage of leaf cells with a higher ploidy level, indicating that miR396 negatively regulates cell proliferation by controlling entry into the mitotic cell cyc ...
The Membrane Skeleton of a Unicellular Consists
... flagellum (during which cells maintain a more or less constant cigar shape) and "metaboly" or "euglenoid movement" during which cell shape changes dramatically. The cell deformations that accompany euglenoid movement are rapid (13, 28). This takes place as a wave of cell dilation progresses towards ...
... flagellum (during which cells maintain a more or less constant cigar shape) and "metaboly" or "euglenoid movement" during which cell shape changes dramatically. The cell deformations that accompany euglenoid movement are rapid (13, 28). This takes place as a wave of cell dilation progresses towards ...
Surface probe measurements of the elasticity of sectioned tissue
... annular layers of very different composition (Fig. 1). The medial layer typically consists of ~30 – 60% SMCs and is also rich in collagen (~10 – 40%) as well as elastin, which is why the media is often associated with vessel wall elasticity. ...
... annular layers of very different composition (Fig. 1). The medial layer typically consists of ~30 – 60% SMCs and is also rich in collagen (~10 – 40%) as well as elastin, which is why the media is often associated with vessel wall elasticity. ...
P Natl Acad Sci Usa 1994 Wild
... but higher levels of gpl20 could be immunoprecipitated from the culture supernatants, indicating that the cleaved products (gp4l and gp120) of this mutant precursor exhibited reduced association (Fig. 3B). To confirm that the proline substitution did not affect protein oligomerization, experiments w ...
... but higher levels of gpl20 could be immunoprecipitated from the culture supernatants, indicating that the cleaved products (gp4l and gp120) of this mutant precursor exhibited reduced association (Fig. 3B). To confirm that the proline substitution did not affect protein oligomerization, experiments w ...
Bacterial Virulence Factors and Rho GTPases - beck
... such as fimbriae, pili, and afimbrial adhesins. Epithelial cells of the intestinal surface (and most other epithelial surfaces) form extensive networks of actin-based microvilli. Although this increases the cellular surface area, which enhances nutrient uptake, it is unclear whether this is a benefit o ...
... such as fimbriae, pili, and afimbrial adhesins. Epithelial cells of the intestinal surface (and most other epithelial surfaces) form extensive networks of actin-based microvilli. Although this increases the cellular surface area, which enhances nutrient uptake, it is unclear whether this is a benefit o ...
A Comprehensive Gene Expression Analysis Toward the
... found in mitotic BY-2 cells (McCutcheon et al. 2001), was found in group B. Many kinesin-like proteins that show higher expression at the log phase are unique to plants. Thus, tobacco homologs of some of these, especially those that show the expression pattern classified as group C, might be involve ...
... found in mitotic BY-2 cells (McCutcheon et al. 2001), was found in group B. Many kinesin-like proteins that show higher expression at the log phase are unique to plants. Thus, tobacco homologs of some of these, especially those that show the expression pattern classified as group C, might be involve ...
Teratocarcinoma stem cells as a model for differentiation inthe
... first progeny to differentiate in most cases is endodermal-type (END) cells. Fourth. the EC cells, introduced back into the early embryo, can take part in normal development and give rise to all differentiated types of cells in the embryo. Most studies on the differentiation of EC cells in vitro hav ...
... first progeny to differentiate in most cases is endodermal-type (END) cells. Fourth. the EC cells, introduced back into the early embryo, can take part in normal development and give rise to all differentiated types of cells in the embryo. Most studies on the differentiation of EC cells in vitro hav ...
Target Predictions using LINCS Data
... drugs, drug-target pathway members, and targets associated with disease. These perturbing agents are tested on 18 different cell types, which were selected from diverse lineages which span established cancer cell lines, immortalized (but not transformed) primary cells and both cycling and quiescent ...
... drugs, drug-target pathway members, and targets associated with disease. These perturbing agents are tested on 18 different cell types, which were selected from diverse lineages which span established cancer cell lines, immortalized (but not transformed) primary cells and both cycling and quiescent ...
LEC67.WP5 (Word5)
... gastro-intestinal glands can be delineated into 3 phases: Cephalic, Gastric and Intestinal. The cephalic phase is initiated by central anticipatory signals like smell of food or time of day. The Gastric phase begins as food reaches the stomach eliciting distension and elevating the luminal pH by buf ...
... gastro-intestinal glands can be delineated into 3 phases: Cephalic, Gastric and Intestinal. The cephalic phase is initiated by central anticipatory signals like smell of food or time of day. The Gastric phase begins as food reaches the stomach eliciting distension and elevating the luminal pH by buf ...
POP-1 and Anterior–Posterior Fate Decisions in
... stage (data not shown). The descendants of the E lineage can be identified readily in fixed embryos at all stages; we find POP-1 asymmetry after the first, third (Figure 2I), and fourth divisions of the E lineage, which are a/p. The second division of the E lineage is transverse (left/right), and we ...
... stage (data not shown). The descendants of the E lineage can be identified readily in fixed embryos at all stages; we find POP-1 asymmetry after the first, third (Figure 2I), and fourth divisions of the E lineage, which are a/p. The second division of the E lineage is transverse (left/right), and we ...
Cell cycle behavior of human HP1 subtypes: distinct
... 1998). These proteins have a wide variety of functions involved in chromatin assembly, transcriptional regulation, telomere maintenance, and nuclear membrane formation. Many of the HP1 interacting partners listed above bind to the CSD of HP1, but interaction of lysine 9-methylated histone H3 with th ...
... 1998). These proteins have a wide variety of functions involved in chromatin assembly, transcriptional regulation, telomere maintenance, and nuclear membrane formation. Many of the HP1 interacting partners listed above bind to the CSD of HP1, but interaction of lysine 9-methylated histone H3 with th ...
lithium-metal-polymer batteries: from the electrochemical
... and transport. The best performance in terms of ionic conductivity in a polyether matrix has been achieved with lithium perfluorosulphonimide (Li(CF3SO2NSO2CF3)) salt (LiTFSI) due to the extensive charge delocalisation of its anion. In pure polyethylene oxide (PEO), LiTFSI demonstrates an order of m ...
... and transport. The best performance in terms of ionic conductivity in a polyether matrix has been achieved with lithium perfluorosulphonimide (Li(CF3SO2NSO2CF3)) salt (LiTFSI) due to the extensive charge delocalisation of its anion. In pure polyethylene oxide (PEO), LiTFSI demonstrates an order of m ...
New twists on embryonic patterning
... just those of the distal elements. In other words, the tip mesoderm may already contain separate precursor cells specified to become stylopod, zeugopod and autopod. In contrast to predictions based on the ‘progress zone model’, these experiments suggested that limb cells would not progressively chan ...
... just those of the distal elements. In other words, the tip mesoderm may already contain separate precursor cells specified to become stylopod, zeugopod and autopod. In contrast to predictions based on the ‘progress zone model’, these experiments suggested that limb cells would not progressively chan ...
S tem cells and cardiac disorders: an appraisal
... cells with mouse but not human ES cells [6]. The role that LIF plays in modulating ES cell and cardiomyocyte differentiation is dependent on the developmental stage. For instance, it can hamper early events in cardiomyocyte differentiation while promoting proliferation at more fully differentiated s ...
... cells with mouse but not human ES cells [6]. The role that LIF plays in modulating ES cell and cardiomyocyte differentiation is dependent on the developmental stage. For instance, it can hamper early events in cardiomyocyte differentiation while promoting proliferation at more fully differentiated s ...
Bacteria 2014
... A hard, protective case that forms around the DNA of the bacteria cell during unfavorable growth conditions. Spores allow bacteria to survive harsh conditions. ...
... A hard, protective case that forms around the DNA of the bacteria cell during unfavorable growth conditions. Spores allow bacteria to survive harsh conditions. ...
Automated Signal Counting for SISH, Dual CISH
... Affymetrix ViewRNA Example In this example the algorithm is tuned for the Affymetrix ViewRNA stain colors. It detects nuclei (blue), cytoplasmic regions (yellow), and RNA signals (red). ...
... Affymetrix ViewRNA Example In this example the algorithm is tuned for the Affymetrix ViewRNA stain colors. It detects nuclei (blue), cytoplasmic regions (yellow), and RNA signals (red). ...
BACTERIAL CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION Geoffrey C. Draper
... replication and repair are well known, our understanding of the mechanisms of chromosomal DNA partitioning is largely incomplete. While the relatively small size of the bacterial cell has hampered efforts to visualize specific structures within the cell that might constitute a mitotic apparatus, the ...
... replication and repair are well known, our understanding of the mechanisms of chromosomal DNA partitioning is largely incomplete. While the relatively small size of the bacterial cell has hampered efforts to visualize specific structures within the cell that might constitute a mitotic apparatus, the ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.