Monocyte-derived dendritic cell generation - HAL
... In a first series of experiments, we determined the conditions of exposure to heat that were just below a level that promoted DC death. Monocyte-derived DC on day 5 of culture were exposed to temperatures of 40°, 41°, 41.5°, 42° or 43°C for 15 to 90 min, followed by recovery at 37°C for 24 hours. We ...
... In a first series of experiments, we determined the conditions of exposure to heat that were just below a level that promoted DC death. Monocyte-derived DC on day 5 of culture were exposed to temperatures of 40°, 41°, 41.5°, 42° or 43°C for 15 to 90 min, followed by recovery at 37°C for 24 hours. We ...
Low Intracellular Proline: A Cause of Toxicity in Human RPE Cells?
... The primary symptoms for this congenital metabolic disease include night blindness, myopia, cataracts, and progressive reduction in peripheral vision culminating in blindness by the age of forty. The loss of OAT leads to high plasma levels of the amino acid ornithine and low levels of proline and cr ...
... The primary symptoms for this congenital metabolic disease include night blindness, myopia, cataracts, and progressive reduction in peripheral vision culminating in blindness by the age of forty. The loss of OAT leads to high plasma levels of the amino acid ornithine and low levels of proline and cr ...
Myc Requires Distinct E2F Activities to Induce S Phase
... The stimulation of cell proliferation involves the induction of immediate early gene products such as c-Myc, as well as the subsequent induction of the G1 cyclindependent kinases. The activation of these G1 cyclindependent kinases leads to phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor prote ...
... The stimulation of cell proliferation involves the induction of immediate early gene products such as c-Myc, as well as the subsequent induction of the G1 cyclindependent kinases. The activation of these G1 cyclindependent kinases leads to phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor prote ...
The Intracellular Growth of Fowl -Plague Virus
... growing in sheets in which there were no fibroblasts; epithelium does not produce collagen. Mitochondria are readily distinguished by their much greater size and less distinct outline. The uniform thickness, the segmentation, the peculiar angulation, the relatively high electron-density and the stri ...
... growing in sheets in which there were no fibroblasts; epithelium does not produce collagen. Mitochondria are readily distinguished by their much greater size and less distinct outline. The uniform thickness, the segmentation, the peculiar angulation, the relatively high electron-density and the stri ...
Pomegranate Ellagitannin–Derived Compounds Exhibit
... in a microsomal assay up to 51%, suggesting that combinations of polyphenols may be more effective than individual compounds. Future studies to examine the synergistic effects of these compounds would answer this question. Of the urolithin compounds active in the microsomal assay, UB showed the high ...
... in a microsomal assay up to 51%, suggesting that combinations of polyphenols may be more effective than individual compounds. Future studies to examine the synergistic effects of these compounds would answer this question. Of the urolithin compounds active in the microsomal assay, UB showed the high ...
The first cell fate specification event in mouse development
... DNA and create the haploid female pronucleus (Wolpert et al.). In the mean time, the sperm nuclear envelope is broken down, sperm chromatin decondenses and protamines, which tightly packaged the sper ...
... DNA and create the haploid female pronucleus (Wolpert et al.). In the mean time, the sperm nuclear envelope is broken down, sperm chromatin decondenses and protamines, which tightly packaged the sper ...
Plasma Membrane Permeability of Root
... lengths of the same ten seedlings were measured again. Al tolerance was calculated based on the ratio of the net root elongation in Al treatment to that in control. Cell wall isolation and determination of CEC—Cell wall was isolated basically by the method of Whitman and Travis (1985), as described ...
... lengths of the same ten seedlings were measured again. Al tolerance was calculated based on the ratio of the net root elongation in Al treatment to that in control. Cell wall isolation and determination of CEC—Cell wall was isolated basically by the method of Whitman and Travis (1985), as described ...
Termination of autophagy and reformation of lysosomes regulated
... immuno-TEM, which also revealed LAMP1 on the surface of the tubules but showed that they contained little or no discernible lumenal content from the autolysosomes (Fig. 1c and Supplementary Figs 5, 6). Next, we used live-cell imaging to monitor serum-deprived NRK cells expressing LAMP1–YFP and cyan ...
... immuno-TEM, which also revealed LAMP1 on the surface of the tubules but showed that they contained little or no discernible lumenal content from the autolysosomes (Fig. 1c and Supplementary Figs 5, 6). Next, we used live-cell imaging to monitor serum-deprived NRK cells expressing LAMP1–YFP and cyan ...
Control of the Cell Cycle in Early Embryos
... a cell-free system that reproduces several aspects of cyclin destruction in vitro (Luca and Ruderman 1989). The onset of cyclin destruction and the appropriately staggered disappearance of cyclins A and B are correctly regulated (Fig. 4). Just as in the intact embryo, lysates made from early interph ...
... a cell-free system that reproduces several aspects of cyclin destruction in vitro (Luca and Ruderman 1989). The onset of cyclin destruction and the appropriately staggered disappearance of cyclins A and B are correctly regulated (Fig. 4). Just as in the intact embryo, lysates made from early interph ...
PPT - Yavapai College
... • We’ll come back to cells and how they work again and again. • I am aware this is a LOT of information! • But master this, and the rest of the course ...
... • We’ll come back to cells and how they work again and again. • I am aware this is a LOT of information! • But master this, and the rest of the course ...
Can quantum mechanics explain free will
... coherence to reach threshold for OR reduction (up to one minute would be required), and is thus unlikely to atta conscious experience11. One may question even rudimentary consciousness in small worms ("What is it like to b worm?") but, unlike any other theory, Orch OR is at least able to make such a ...
... coherence to reach threshold for OR reduction (up to one minute would be required), and is thus unlikely to atta conscious experience11. One may question even rudimentary consciousness in small worms ("What is it like to b worm?") but, unlike any other theory, Orch OR is at least able to make such a ...
FRET Applications to IOn Channels
... that has a known pharmacological activity. Because the probe occupies a known binding site, the technique is most effective when detecting molecules that bind to the same site. Although other sites are often allosterically coupled to the ligand site, these assays are not ideal for probing weakly cou ...
... that has a known pharmacological activity. Because the probe occupies a known binding site, the technique is most effective when detecting molecules that bind to the same site. Although other sites are often allosterically coupled to the ligand site, these assays are not ideal for probing weakly cou ...
Loss of Polycystin-1 in Human Cyst-Lining Epithelia Leads to Ciliary
... and has been proposed to explain the focal nature for renal cyst formation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). It was reported previously that Pkd1null/null mouse kidney epithelial cells are unresponsive to flow stimulation. This report shows that Pkd1⫹/null cells are capable of ...
... and has been proposed to explain the focal nature for renal cyst formation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). It was reported previously that Pkd1null/null mouse kidney epithelial cells are unresponsive to flow stimulation. This report shows that Pkd1⫹/null cells are capable of ...
Roles for Rice Membrane Dynamics and Plasmodesmata during
... hyphae produced by other fungi and oomycetes, including (hemi)biotrophic pathogens and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts, are embedded in the plant cytoplasm but remain separated from the cytoplasm by invaginated PM (Heath and Skalamera, 1996; Mendgen and Hahn, 2002; Harrison, 2005; O’Connell and Pan ...
... hyphae produced by other fungi and oomycetes, including (hemi)biotrophic pathogens and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts, are embedded in the plant cytoplasm but remain separated from the cytoplasm by invaginated PM (Heath and Skalamera, 1996; Mendgen and Hahn, 2002; Harrison, 2005; O’Connell and Pan ...
PDF
... β cells with H2B-GFP, but no delta (δ) cells (Fig. 1L; supplementary material Fig. S3A-E). This might reflect activity of the glucagon promoter in some β cells or their progenitors during neogenesis in embryos/larvae and adults (supplementary material Fig. S4). Even so, when we heat pulsed gcga:Cre; ...
... β cells with H2B-GFP, but no delta (δ) cells (Fig. 1L; supplementary material Fig. S3A-E). This might reflect activity of the glucagon promoter in some β cells or their progenitors during neogenesis in embryos/larvae and adults (supplementary material Fig. S4). Even so, when we heat pulsed gcga:Cre; ...
1 Sporulation, bacterial cell envelopes, and the origin of life Elitza I
... protein families and proposed that a symbiosis between an ancient actinobacterium and an ancient clostridium produced the last common ancestor of all diderms9. Our work suggested a fundamentally different mechanism based on endospore formation, a common process executed by many Firmicute species. En ...
... protein families and proposed that a symbiosis between an ancient actinobacterium and an ancient clostridium produced the last common ancestor of all diderms9. Our work suggested a fundamentally different mechanism based on endospore formation, a common process executed by many Firmicute species. En ...
Membrane Structure and Function
... 2. Diffusion is spontaneous and passive – requiring no Energy 3. A substance moves against its concentration gradient during diffusion 4. The concentration of one substance can affect the diffusion of another 5. Diffusion occurs because populations of molecules move randomly, but individual molecule ...
... 2. Diffusion is spontaneous and passive – requiring no Energy 3. A substance moves against its concentration gradient during diffusion 4. The concentration of one substance can affect the diffusion of another 5. Diffusion occurs because populations of molecules move randomly, but individual molecule ...
Cytochrome c Is Released in a Reactive Oxygen
... Cyt c release from mitochondria was investigated by immunoblot analysis using a monoclonal antibody against cyt c. Both cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions, obtained from TBY-2 cells subjected to HS (cells in these conditions will be referred to as HS cells), were examined. Typical immunoblots are ...
... Cyt c release from mitochondria was investigated by immunoblot analysis using a monoclonal antibody against cyt c. Both cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions, obtained from TBY-2 cells subjected to HS (cells in these conditions will be referred to as HS cells), were examined. Typical immunoblots are ...
Epigenetic Control of Cell Division and Cell Differentiation in the
... SCN is important to orchestrate the fine balance of stem cell maintenance and supply of differentiating daughter cells. The stem cells surrounding the approximately four quiescent center (QC) cells give rise to each cell lineage, such as columella, lateral root cap, epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and ...
... SCN is important to orchestrate the fine balance of stem cell maintenance and supply of differentiating daughter cells. The stem cells surrounding the approximately four quiescent center (QC) cells give rise to each cell lineage, such as columella, lateral root cap, epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and ...
MitoToxTM Mitochondrial toxicity application guide
... Mitochondria are known as the ‘powerhouses of the cell’ that control energy production. Following cellular insult, mitochondria also regulate the intrinsic cell death pathway, known as apoptosis. Evaluating compounds for mitochondrial toxicity is an important capability for most drug safety programs ...
... Mitochondria are known as the ‘powerhouses of the cell’ that control energy production. Following cellular insult, mitochondria also regulate the intrinsic cell death pathway, known as apoptosis. Evaluating compounds for mitochondrial toxicity is an important capability for most drug safety programs ...
effects of cholesterol on lipid organization in human
... lipids were suspended in 0.155 M NaCl and sonicated . After sonication, human serum albumin (mg/mg of lipid) was added, and the albumin-liposome mixture was centrifuged at 21,800 g for 30 min to sediment undispersed lipid . The liposome suspensions were used within 12 h, although they were stable fo ...
... lipids were suspended in 0.155 M NaCl and sonicated . After sonication, human serum albumin (mg/mg of lipid) was added, and the albumin-liposome mixture was centrifuged at 21,800 g for 30 min to sediment undispersed lipid . The liposome suspensions were used within 12 h, although they were stable fo ...
vilnius university
... among them, have been used in preclinical or clinical trials of cardiomyoplasty. Each cell type has its own advantages and limitations. Outcome of myoblasts transfer could most likely be improved by selecting muscle derived progenitors less lineage committed than myoblasts (Menasche, 2007). We propo ...
... among them, have been used in preclinical or clinical trials of cardiomyoplasty. Each cell type has its own advantages and limitations. Outcome of myoblasts transfer could most likely be improved by selecting muscle derived progenitors less lineage committed than myoblasts (Menasche, 2007). We propo ...
Two subsets of memory T cells
... The decreasing potential hypothesis. The previous model does not definitely resolve the issue of whether memory cells arise from fully differentiated effectors. It is notable that memory fails to occur when T cells undergo `exhaustive' proliferation to high doses of viruses; in this situation, effec ...
... The decreasing potential hypothesis. The previous model does not definitely resolve the issue of whether memory cells arise from fully differentiated effectors. It is notable that memory fails to occur when T cells undergo `exhaustive' proliferation to high doses of viruses; in this situation, effec ...
Gozo, Malta - Gozo College Boys` Secondary School
... 1. Name the vital function performed by each one of these organisms. a) A potted plant increased in size over a few months. ____________________ b) After putting a pair of tropical fish (male and female) in an aquarium, offspring were produced by them. _________________________ c) A cat ran away whe ...
... 1. Name the vital function performed by each one of these organisms. a) A potted plant increased in size over a few months. ____________________ b) After putting a pair of tropical fish (male and female) in an aquarium, offspring were produced by them. _________________________ c) A cat ran away whe ...
Probing cytoplasmic viscosity in the confined geometry of
... such as pollen tubes [23] make accurate measurements of viscosity challenging. The moss, while suffering from similar geometric and crowding effects, does not exhibit large organelle streaming [24], making it amenable for the use of optical techniques to measure diffusion of such small molecules, wh ...
... such as pollen tubes [23] make accurate measurements of viscosity challenging. The moss, while suffering from similar geometric and crowding effects, does not exhibit large organelle streaming [24], making it amenable for the use of optical techniques to measure diffusion of such small molecules, wh ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.