Characteristics of Bacteria Worksheet
... If they are found in pairs, adding the prefix diplo- to their shape forms the name. An example is diplococci (a sphere shaped bacteria that is found in pairs). If the bacteria are found in chains, the prefix strepto- is added to their shape (ex. streptococci = long chains of sphere shaped bacteria). ...
... If they are found in pairs, adding the prefix diplo- to their shape forms the name. An example is diplococci (a sphere shaped bacteria that is found in pairs). If the bacteria are found in chains, the prefix strepto- is added to their shape (ex. streptococci = long chains of sphere shaped bacteria). ...
Swimming behavior of the monotrichous bacterium Pseudomonas
... swimming behavior unknown to any other bacteria. Figure 1a shows the trajectory of a free-swimming cell. It can swiftly adjust the direction when swimming forward (runs) without retardation on speed. This behavior has been called ‘turns’ by Harwood et al. (1989). When they swim backward (backups), t ...
... swimming behavior unknown to any other bacteria. Figure 1a shows the trajectory of a free-swimming cell. It can swiftly adjust the direction when swimming forward (runs) without retardation on speed. This behavior has been called ‘turns’ by Harwood et al. (1989). When they swim backward (backups), t ...
Figure 1 - Journal of The Royal Society Interface
... zone develop into bark, while inner cells differentiate into wood, with a layer of cambial cells remaining between the two. Over a period of about three weeks as the cells differentiate, they change shape and form the secondary cell wall; once secondary wall formation is complete, the cell dies. The ...
... zone develop into bark, while inner cells differentiate into wood, with a layer of cambial cells remaining between the two. Over a period of about three weeks as the cells differentiate, they change shape and form the secondary cell wall; once secondary wall formation is complete, the cell dies. The ...
The role of cytoplasmic streaming in symplastic transport
... metabolites, they will certainly be carried along by the motion of the cytoplasm. If the information is encoded in chemical messengers, it too will be carried along by the motion. However, the transport will be only along the streamlines of the flow: convection will never move metabolites or chemica ...
... metabolites, they will certainly be carried along by the motion of the cytoplasm. If the information is encoded in chemical messengers, it too will be carried along by the motion. However, the transport will be only along the streamlines of the flow: convection will never move metabolites or chemica ...
Microtubules Regulate Dynamic Organization of Vacuoles in
... actin microfilaments, rather than microtubules, and that their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Ph ...
... actin microfilaments, rather than microtubules, and that their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Ph ...
Slide 1
... This figure is reproduced in color in the color plate section. (A) depicts a resting primordial oocyte within the bovine ovary in which the germinal vesicle chromatin assumes a distinctly fibrillar pattern of organization. (B) represents a primary growing oocyte from the mouse containing a centrally ...
... This figure is reproduced in color in the color plate section. (A) depicts a resting primordial oocyte within the bovine ovary in which the germinal vesicle chromatin assumes a distinctly fibrillar pattern of organization. (B) represents a primary growing oocyte from the mouse containing a centrally ...
by Permanent DNA Rearrangements The Ontogeny and Fate of NK
... incomplete rearrangements at the Ig H chain (IgH) or TCRD or TCRG gene loci. These observations may not be attributed to contamination by T cells or NKT cells, because such rearrangements are detectable in NK cells from TCR␦⫺/⫺ mice (1, 4) as well as from an athymic patient with complete DiGeorge s ...
... incomplete rearrangements at the Ig H chain (IgH) or TCRD or TCRG gene loci. These observations may not be attributed to contamination by T cells or NKT cells, because such rearrangements are detectable in NK cells from TCR␦⫺/⫺ mice (1, 4) as well as from an athymic patient with complete DiGeorge s ...
Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in branching
... tracheal tip cells away from the saclike structure of the invaginated tracheal placode has to be accompanied by cell rearrangements and cell shape changes to generate elongated tracheal branches. Because tracheal cells are at all time part of a tightly sealed epithelium, epithelial AJs must be remod ...
... tracheal tip cells away from the saclike structure of the invaginated tracheal placode has to be accompanied by cell rearrangements and cell shape changes to generate elongated tracheal branches. Because tracheal cells are at all time part of a tightly sealed epithelium, epithelial AJs must be remod ...
UNIT 1 – FORCE AND MOTION (SEPUP Force and
... B-2.1 Recall the three major tenets of cell theory (all living things are composed of one or more cells; cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and all presently existing cells arose from previously existing cells). B-2.2 Summarize the structures and functions of organ ...
... B-2.1 Recall the three major tenets of cell theory (all living things are composed of one or more cells; cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and all presently existing cells arose from previously existing cells). B-2.2 Summarize the structures and functions of organ ...
Plant Nuclei Can Contain Extensive Grooves and Invaginations
... Stable transformants of the NT1 cell line that express ERGFP have proved ideal for investigating nuclear invaginations, because at least 20% of the cells from cultures undergoing logarithmic growth and a high percentage of cells from a stationary-phase culture demonstrate various forms of nuclear ch ...
... Stable transformants of the NT1 cell line that express ERGFP have proved ideal for investigating nuclear invaginations, because at least 20% of the cells from cultures undergoing logarithmic growth and a high percentage of cells from a stationary-phase culture demonstrate various forms of nuclear ch ...
Dynamin 2 mediates fluid-phase micropinocytosis in epithelial cells
... The observations described above used a variety of cell types, assays for assessing fluid uptake and methods of inhibiting dynamin function, including the use of mutants of different dynamin isoforms and spliced variants. In the current study, we implemented several approaches and a variety of cultu ...
... The observations described above used a variety of cell types, assays for assessing fluid uptake and methods of inhibiting dynamin function, including the use of mutants of different dynamin isoforms and spliced variants. In the current study, we implemented several approaches and a variety of cultu ...
Analysis of the paralysed trypanosome mutant snl-1
... metazoan systems, the application of modern molecular genetic approaches is hindered by the fact that all such cells are differentiated and do not replicate in culture. The flagellum of Trypanosoma brucei represents an interesting system to study the assembly of this type of organelle. Trypanosomes ...
... metazoan systems, the application of modern molecular genetic approaches is hindered by the fact that all such cells are differentiated and do not replicate in culture. The flagellum of Trypanosoma brucei represents an interesting system to study the assembly of this type of organelle. Trypanosomes ...
Yeast longevity and aging—the mitochondrial connection
... mutant hunt in one case (Lee et al., 2003). It is worth noting that mitochondrial encephalopathies take several years to develop pronounced symptoms. This may be partially due to metabolic adaptations, much like the retrograde response that compensate for the primary mitochondrial defect. The activa ...
... mutant hunt in one case (Lee et al., 2003). It is worth noting that mitochondrial encephalopathies take several years to develop pronounced symptoms. This may be partially due to metabolic adaptations, much like the retrograde response that compensate for the primary mitochondrial defect. The activa ...
Calcium: a regulation system emerges in plant cells
... in the control systems involving cytoskeleton rearrangement, secretion and endocytosis, cell division, membrane electrical activity, motor and contractile activity and cell-to-cell communication. All of these processes at some stage involve a differential response between the different parts of the ...
... in the control systems involving cytoskeleton rearrangement, secretion and endocytosis, cell division, membrane electrical activity, motor and contractile activity and cell-to-cell communication. All of these processes at some stage involve a differential response between the different parts of the ...
Interactions between plant endomembrane systems and the actin
... 2012). The dynamic property of the ER is mainly regulated by the actin cytoskeleton, which is closely associated with the ER network (Boevink et al., 1998; Sparkes et al., 2011). There is some evidence that microtubules also influence the mobility of the ER, but to a lesser extent or at a much slowe ...
... 2012). The dynamic property of the ER is mainly regulated by the actin cytoskeleton, which is closely associated with the ER network (Boevink et al., 1998; Sparkes et al., 2011). There is some evidence that microtubules also influence the mobility of the ER, but to a lesser extent or at a much slowe ...
Oxidation of Hg(0) - Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences
... frequently physically confined and gas exchange with surroundings is limited. Thus, Hg(0) can potentially interact with metabolically diverse microorganisms including nitrate-reducing, iron-reducing and fermentative bacteria. Because many anaerobes lack catalase enzymes, the mechanism of Hg(0) oxidat ...
... frequently physically confined and gas exchange with surroundings is limited. Thus, Hg(0) can potentially interact with metabolically diverse microorganisms including nitrate-reducing, iron-reducing and fermentative bacteria. Because many anaerobes lack catalase enzymes, the mechanism of Hg(0) oxidat ...
Dictyostelium lysosomal proteins with different sugar modifications
... 1984). mLE2 reactivity showed a typical lysosomal distribution (Fig. 1C), in agreement with previous studies (Judelson and Dimond, 1988). ELISA for Man-6-P-OCH3 in Percoll gradient fractions could not be done due to technical difficulties. mLE2 recognizes similar bands in all gradient fractions (Fig ...
... 1984). mLE2 reactivity showed a typical lysosomal distribution (Fig. 1C), in agreement with previous studies (Judelson and Dimond, 1988). ELISA for Man-6-P-OCH3 in Percoll gradient fractions could not be done due to technical difficulties. mLE2 recognizes similar bands in all gradient fractions (Fig ...
The Balance between Cell Division and Endoreplication Depends
... SCFSKP2A complex (del Pozo et al., 2002). The SCFSKP2A complex is an E3 ligase of ubiquitin that is composed of a common scaffold (CUL1, ASK, and RBX) (del Pozo and Estelle, 2000) and the F-box subunit SKP2A that specifically interacts with the targets. Furthermore, E2FC degradation was triggered du ...
... SCFSKP2A complex (del Pozo et al., 2002). The SCFSKP2A complex is an E3 ligase of ubiquitin that is composed of a common scaffold (CUL1, ASK, and RBX) (del Pozo and Estelle, 2000) and the F-box subunit SKP2A that specifically interacts with the targets. Furthermore, E2FC degradation was triggered du ...
Characterization of the pH of Folate Receptor
... such drug uptake processes reveal that folate-drug conjugates are internalized into endosomes via receptor-mediated endocytosis (Chatterjee et al., 2001) and then released from FR before it resurfaces for the next round of delivery (Kamen and Smith, 2004; Paulos et al., 2004). It is noteworthy that ...
... such drug uptake processes reveal that folate-drug conjugates are internalized into endosomes via receptor-mediated endocytosis (Chatterjee et al., 2001) and then released from FR before it resurfaces for the next round of delivery (Kamen and Smith, 2004; Paulos et al., 2004). It is noteworthy that ...
Diffusion of Green Fluorescent Protein in Three Cell
... rates at which proteins and other cell components can diffuse is crucial for the understanding of a cell as a physical system. There have been numerous measurements of diffusion coefficients in eukaryotic cells by using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and related techniques. Much l ...
... rates at which proteins and other cell components can diffuse is crucial for the understanding of a cell as a physical system. There have been numerous measurements of diffusion coefficients in eukaryotic cells by using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and related techniques. Much l ...
PDF
... overview of the model organism D. discoideum and the cell communication systems that control cell differentiation and morphogenetic cell movement during its development into multicellular fruiting bodies. Finally, I discuss how the important communication systems that D. discoideum uses evolved from ...
... overview of the model organism D. discoideum and the cell communication systems that control cell differentiation and morphogenetic cell movement during its development into multicellular fruiting bodies. Finally, I discuss how the important communication systems that D. discoideum uses evolved from ...
Title Choice of Cell Source in Cell
... transplantation of autologous RPE cells resulted in improved visual acuity in eyes which received RPE transplantation compared to eyes which had membrane excision alone. These results provide evidence that transplantation of RPE may be regarded as a reasonable treatment option for AMD when the damag ...
... transplantation of autologous RPE cells resulted in improved visual acuity in eyes which received RPE transplantation compared to eyes which had membrane excision alone. These results provide evidence that transplantation of RPE may be regarded as a reasonable treatment option for AMD when the damag ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.