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Vomiting
Vomiting

... mild, self-limiting diseases that resolve with minimal diagnostic tests and therapy. However, it can be related to debilitating conditions that have life-threatening consequences. The history obtained from the client should be as detailed as possible because historical details are often helpful in s ...
A Road Map for HCV Genotyping
A Road Map for HCV Genotyping

... • Next Gen Sequencing not yet widely used • Requires some form of sequence interrogation ...
Pulmonary Drug Absorption
Pulmonary Drug Absorption

... action, lower systemic exposure, and consequently reduced side-effects can be achieved (Lipworth, 1996; van den Bosch et al., 1993). The use of the inhaled route outside the respiratory therapeutic area is today uncommon. However, the advantageous drug absorption characteristics of the lung, e.g. th ...
novex pharma
novex pharma

... Post-marketing experience with topical NSAIDs suggests that patients with complicated ocular surgeries, corneal denervation, corneal epithelial defects, diabetes mellitus, ocular surface diseases (e.g., dry eye syndrome), rheumatoid arthritis, or repeat ocular surgeries within a short period of tim ...
Metronidazole-containing gel for the treatment of
Metronidazole-containing gel for the treatment of

... preliminary study, that this poloxamer gel released metronidazole for a period of 7 days in vitro.9 In the present in vivo investigation, metronidazole released by the poloxamer gel was detected for a maximum period of 48 hours after a single application, and only in two of the five dogs of the stud ...
PerioPerative reflex Bradycardia and cardiac arrest
PerioPerative reflex Bradycardia and cardiac arrest

... position for insertion of the spinal or epidural is preferable to the sitting position1,82 at the same time, caution should be given to drug dosage, baricity and patient positioning to control cephalad spread of the anesthetic1,83. Special care should be taken to hydrate the patient before the start ...
A Unified Approach to the Evolutionary Consequences of Genetic
A Unified Approach to the Evolutionary Consequences of Genetic

... them all the appearance of being special cases and can lead one to question the generality of such effects. Thought of more broadly, however, all of these specific mechanisms can be viewed as instances of the inheritance of a nongenetic “interpretive machinery” comprising substances, cellular struct ...
Addiction neurobiology: Ethical and social implications
Addiction neurobiology: Ethical and social implications

... of the developments occurring in this field. Neuroscience provides us with a better understanding of how people become addicted to drugs and why they find it so difficult to stop, even when experiencing severe negative consequences. It also holds out the prospect of providing us with some novel appr ...
The Next Generation of Monitoring Adalimumab Drug and Antibody
The Next Generation of Monitoring Adalimumab Drug and Antibody

... Hypotheses for treatment failure that are being actively investigated include the potential role of inadequate serum levels of the anti-TNF agent, consumption of the drug owing to high inflammatory disease burden, and development of immunogenicity (ie, formation of antibodies to the anti-TNF therapy ...
A Retrospective Study of Buprenorphine and
A Retrospective Study of Buprenorphine and

... It has been suggested that at least one of the major routes of drug incorporation into hair is via distribution from plasma into growing hair cells (1,2). Recent data from Kuhlman et al. (32) demonstrated that NBPR accumulates in plasma after chronic administration of BPR and that the plasma concent ...
73737373 - Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation
73737373 - Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation

... • Used in numerous pain conditions • Mechanism thought to be inhibition of the alpha 2-delta subunit of L-type voltageregulated calcium channels – Abundant in the dorsal root ganglia ...
Ephedrine and Other Stimulants As Ergogenic Aids
Ephedrine and Other Stimulants As Ergogenic Aids

... Supplement Health and Education Act excluded dietary supplements from rigorous US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation. Because supplements are not considered therapeutic, they are not held to the same level of rigor in claiming efficacy and safety as that required of prescribed and over-th ...
Minireview The Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Addictive Processes
Minireview The Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Addictive Processes

... There is a large body of literature, and many excellent reviews, outlining the role of CRH in drug-seeking and drugtaking behaviors, and those are not outlined in detail here (see, for example, Sarnyai et al., 2001; Heilig and Koob, 2007; Koob, 2010; Koob and Zorrilla, 2010; Shalev et al., 2010). Gi ...
Zoloft Cns Drug (Sertraline) Sertraline Cns Depressant (Zoloft) Is
Zoloft Cns Drug (Sertraline) Sertraline Cns Depressant (Zoloft) Is

DESOXI CR. INS.
DESOXI CR. INS.

... Therefore, patients receiving a large dose of a potent topical steroid applied to a large surface area or under an occlusive dressing should be evaluated periodically for evidence of HPA axis suppression by using the urinary free cortisol and ACTH stimulation tests. If HPA axis suppression is noted, ...
Prescribing Information - PI
Prescribing Information - PI

... purpose. Acute symptoms should be treated with an inhaled short-acting beta2-agonist. When beginning BEVESPI AEROSPHERE, patients who have been taking inhaled, shortacting beta2-agonists on a regular basis (e.g., four times a day) should be instructed to discontinue the regular use of these medicine ...
Pfizer Inc 235 East 42'' Street 235/24/l0A New York.  NY 10017-5755
Pfizer Inc 235 East 42'' Street 235/24/l0A New York. NY 10017-5755

... of this Agreement ." Although Pfizer believes that the Agreement remains in effect through September 25. 2007 (when the pediatric exclusivity for amlodipine expires) . Novartis recently informed Pfizer that it is repudiating the agreement and will not pay royalties under the agreement after March 25 ...
Reprint
Reprint

... them all the appearance of being special cases and can lead one to question the generality of such effects. Thought of more broadly, however, all of these specific mechanisms can be viewed as instances of the inheritance of a nongenetic “interpretive machinery” comprising substances, cellular struct ...
RECHALLENGE WITH LAMOTRIGINE AFTER A RASH
RECHALLENGE WITH LAMOTRIGINE AFTER A RASH

... have been developed for patients starting lamotrigine,17 but these did not significantly reduce their rate in a randomized, controlled trial.18 A separate strategy, developed in neurological clinics, is to rechallenge patients with a very slow retitration of lamotrigine, usually starting at 5mg/day, ...
tobacco smoking.
tobacco smoking.

... drug nicotine. Nicotine is a highly addictive drug that induces a constellation of pharmacologic effects, including activation of the dopamine reward pathway in the brain. Tobacco use is complex, involving the interplay of a wide range of factors. Treatment of tobacco use and dependence requires a m ...
Lexapro  Name of Medicine
Lexapro Name of Medicine

... Escitalopram demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of anxiety symptoms associated with depression. In the three positive double-blind placebo-controlled studies escitalopram was shown to be effective compared to placebo on the MADRS anxiety items; inner tension and sleep disturbances. Furthermore, ...
Product Information for sofosbuvir
Product Information for sofosbuvir

... Sofosbuvir is a pan-genotypic inhibitor of the HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which is essential for viral replication. Sofosbuvir is a nucleotide prodrug that undergoes intracellular metabolism to form the pharmacologically active uridine analog triphosphate (GS-461203), which can be incorp ...
Advances in Lung Cancer 2016: a year in review
Advances in Lung Cancer 2016: a year in review

... Immune checkpoint inhibitors for NSCLC (squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas) anti-PD-1 pembrolizumab (1st line PD-L1 IHC ≥50%, 2nd line PD-L1 IHC >1%) anti-PD-1 nivolumab (2nd line, irrespective of biomarker PD-L1 IHC) anti-PD-L1 atezolizumab (2nd line, irrespective of biomarker PD-L1 IHC) ...
Cocaine - South Carolina Department of Alcohol and Other Drug
Cocaine - South Carolina Department of Alcohol and Other Drug

... blood tests? The time period during which cocaine use can be detected varies according to the type of test (or “screen”) being used and the limits assigned to each individual test. Generally, cocaine use can be detected for as long as 10 days to five weeks after use by high-dose abusers, and from tw ...
Development of 5-Substituted N-Methylmorphinan-6
Development of 5-Substituted N-Methylmorphinan-6

... and fentanyl are agonists at the MOR and are the mainstay for the treatment of moderate-to-severe pain. However, adverse effects related to opioid use are severe and often lead to early discontinuation and inadequate analgesia. The development of more effective and safer medications for the management ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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