S 7.3 Biological evolution accounts for the diversity of species
... about the organisms he had seen. He compared Galapagos organisms to organisms that lived elsewhere. He also compared organisms on different islands in the Galapagos group. He was surprised by some of the similarities and differences he saw. Darwin found many similarities between Galapagos organisms ...
... about the organisms he had seen. He compared Galapagos organisms to organisms that lived elsewhere. He also compared organisms on different islands in the Galapagos group. He was surprised by some of the similarities and differences he saw. Darwin found many similarities between Galapagos organisms ...
- Wiley Online Library
... abundances changed similarly) or treatment levels (if they differed), with environmental variables as additional treatments. In this context, exploitation may be regarded as a predator-removal experiment and conversely, fisheries closures, no-take marine reserves, and species invasions as predatorad ...
... abundances changed similarly) or treatment levels (if they differed), with environmental variables as additional treatments. In this context, exploitation may be regarded as a predator-removal experiment and conversely, fisheries closures, no-take marine reserves, and species invasions as predatorad ...
Cascading top-down effects of changing oceanic predator
... abundances changed similarly) or treatment levels (if they differed), with environmental variables as additional treatments. In this context, exploitation may be regarded as a predator-removal experiment and conversely, fisheries closures, no-take marine reserves, and species invasions as predatorad ...
... abundances changed similarly) or treatment levels (if they differed), with environmental variables as additional treatments. In this context, exploitation may be regarded as a predator-removal experiment and conversely, fisheries closures, no-take marine reserves, and species invasions as predatorad ...
3. and savannah ecosystems
... 19. Species richness in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, particularly among plants, is generally high - approaching values for moist tropical forest areas – as is endemism. Among the five Mediterranean-type ecosystems, species richness is highest on the poorer soils of South Africa and southwest Austr ...
... 19. Species richness in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, particularly among plants, is generally high - approaching values for moist tropical forest areas – as is endemism. Among the five Mediterranean-type ecosystems, species richness is highest on the poorer soils of South Africa and southwest Austr ...
Is a healthy ecosystem one that is rich in parasites?
... exacerbated by the rooting behavior of feral pigs, which produces suitable breeding habitat for the mosquitoes [23]. Furthermore, more than 100 species of frog have gone extinct in the past ten years probably as a result of the interaction between climate change, anthropogenic factors and a chytrid ...
... exacerbated by the rooting behavior of feral pigs, which produces suitable breeding habitat for the mosquitoes [23]. Furthermore, more than 100 species of frog have gone extinct in the past ten years probably as a result of the interaction between climate change, anthropogenic factors and a chytrid ...
Plant–soil feedbacks: connecting ecosystem ecology and evolution
... Key-words: above-ground–below-ground relationships, eco-evolutionary dynamics, ecosystem ecology, G 9 G interactions, plant–soil feedback, selection, soil gradients, soil microbes Introduction Plant–soil feedbacks (PSF) have important evolutionary implications because they are associated with change ...
... Key-words: above-ground–below-ground relationships, eco-evolutionary dynamics, ecosystem ecology, G 9 G interactions, plant–soil feedback, selection, soil gradients, soil microbes Introduction Plant–soil feedbacks (PSF) have important evolutionary implications because they are associated with change ...
PDF - Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
... natural vegetation and large vertebrate assemblages, along with a low human population density (Mittermeier et al. 2002). However, these peculiar conditions may be threatened by the large number of invasive species introduced into the area by humans (Lizarralde & Escobar 2000, Jaksic et al. 2002, An ...
... natural vegetation and large vertebrate assemblages, along with a low human population density (Mittermeier et al. 2002). However, these peculiar conditions may be threatened by the large number of invasive species introduced into the area by humans (Lizarralde & Escobar 2000, Jaksic et al. 2002, An ...
More than a meal integrating nonfeeding interactions into food webs
... addressed by ecologists and largely excluded from network theory. Herein, we propose a conceptual framework that organises this diversity into three main functional classes defined by how they modify specific parameters in a dynamic food web model. This approach provides a path forward for incorpora ...
... addressed by ecologists and largely excluded from network theory. Herein, we propose a conceptual framework that organises this diversity into three main functional classes defined by how they modify specific parameters in a dynamic food web model. This approach provides a path forward for incorpora ...
Ecological Light Pollution - The Urban Wildlands Group
... tion, and temporary, unexpected fluctuations in light- eye. The lux measurement places more emphasis on ing. Sources of ecological light pollution include sky wavelengths of light that the human eye detects best and glow, lighted buildings and towers, streetlights, fishing less on those that humans ...
... tion, and temporary, unexpected fluctuations in light- eye. The lux measurement places more emphasis on ing. Sources of ecological light pollution include sky wavelengths of light that the human eye detects best and glow, lighted buildings and towers, streetlights, fishing less on those that humans ...
Effects of environmental change on zoonotic disease risk: an
... Abiotic niche: the set of physical conditions (e.g., temperature, moisture) that permit a positive turnover of the population of an organism. Very generally, it is the set of features of the weather that allow the persistence of populations of living organisms. Geographic features, such as altitude, ...
... Abiotic niche: the set of physical conditions (e.g., temperature, moisture) that permit a positive turnover of the population of an organism. Very generally, it is the set of features of the weather that allow the persistence of populations of living organisms. Geographic features, such as altitude, ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change: Integrating
... Ecology and evolution have developed as separate fields based on the distinction between “ecological time” and “evolutionary time” made by Slobodkin (1961). Hairston et al. (2005) have proposed that rapid evolution should be defined as genetic changes occurring fast enough to have a measurable impac ...
... Ecology and evolution have developed as separate fields based on the distinction between “ecological time” and “evolutionary time” made by Slobodkin (1961). Hairston et al. (2005) have proposed that rapid evolution should be defined as genetic changes occurring fast enough to have a measurable impac ...
Size-structured aquatic systems M2 EBE 2014
... - However many prey species differ (e.g. proportion of digestible tissues, cost of handling, mechanisms for avoiding capture, etc.) - What proportion of the variation in individual feeding interactions between a predator and a suite of prey is determined by size? - If size predominates, modelling ...
... - However many prey species differ (e.g. proportion of digestible tissues, cost of handling, mechanisms for avoiding capture, etc.) - What proportion of the variation in individual feeding interactions between a predator and a suite of prey is determined by size? - If size predominates, modelling ...
Curriculum Vitae - High Point University
... Finn, C. B., M. Leung, H. R. Naughton, A. May, X. Wang, and S. L. Cooke. 2012. Observation of the nonnative water flea Daphnia lumholtzi in B. Everett Jordan Lake, North Carolina. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Science. 128: 51-53. (*all co-authors are undergraduate students) Cooke, S. L., ...
... Finn, C. B., M. Leung, H. R. Naughton, A. May, X. Wang, and S. L. Cooke. 2012. Observation of the nonnative water flea Daphnia lumholtzi in B. Everett Jordan Lake, North Carolina. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Science. 128: 51-53. (*all co-authors are undergraduate students) Cooke, S. L., ...
Also available as free
... discovery of the role of patch formation and properties of food web structure ...
... discovery of the role of patch formation and properties of food web structure ...
The Construction of a Resource-saving Society in Hubei Based on
... The above calculation shows that 2000---2007 per capita ecological footprint in Hubei Province raised. It rose to 1.877 hm2 from 2.191 hm2. Its growth rate was 17%.In 2007 Hubei ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity ratio was 7.06 and ecological deficit was up to 1.779 hm2.. On the u ...
... The above calculation shows that 2000---2007 per capita ecological footprint in Hubei Province raised. It rose to 1.877 hm2 from 2.191 hm2. Its growth rate was 17%.In 2007 Hubei ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity ratio was 7.06 and ecological deficit was up to 1.779 hm2.. On the u ...
JEOPARDY!
... the biological theory of evolution? – A. Most fossils are found in sedimentary rock – B. Most species of life on Earth have become ...
... the biological theory of evolution? – A. Most fossils are found in sedimentary rock – B. Most species of life on Earth have become ...
population density
... Frog A lives in Madagascar and has the same nice as Frog B from South America. “This” is the reason why these frogs are NOT experiencing competitive exclusion. What is the frogs are not part of the SAME community (competing for same limited resources) Continue ...
... Frog A lives in Madagascar and has the same nice as Frog B from South America. “This” is the reason why these frogs are NOT experiencing competitive exclusion. What is the frogs are not part of the SAME community (competing for same limited resources) Continue ...
Differences in diet between two rodent species, Mastomys
... Mastomys natalensis and G. vicinus also overlapped considerably in their food niche. In part, the differences may be due to the differences in the proportion of plant materials they consumed. For G. vicinus, plant materials were the most frequently consumed items, while for M. natalensis seeds/grain ...
... Mastomys natalensis and G. vicinus also overlapped considerably in their food niche. In part, the differences may be due to the differences in the proportion of plant materials they consumed. For G. vicinus, plant materials were the most frequently consumed items, while for M. natalensis seeds/grain ...
Dynamical and system-wide properties of linear flow
... description of “complex” ecological systems. Because of expected simplicity, it can be surprising when linear systems behavior proves non-simple (Patten, 1975, 1983). This is what we confronted in the preliminaries to this study when we parameterized linearly formulated food-web models differently a ...
... description of “complex” ecological systems. Because of expected simplicity, it can be surprising when linear systems behavior proves non-simple (Patten, 1975, 1983). This is what we confronted in the preliminaries to this study when we parameterized linearly formulated food-web models differently a ...
Understanding cooccurrence by modelling species simultaneously
... one species to that of another (Schweiger et al. 2012) or by adding the occurrence or abundance of other species as predictors alongside abiotic variables (Leathwick & Austin 2001; Leathwick 2002; Meier et al. 2010; Pellissier et al. 2010). The addition of biotic interaction terms has generally impr ...
... one species to that of another (Schweiger et al. 2012) or by adding the occurrence or abundance of other species as predictors alongside abiotic variables (Leathwick & Austin 2001; Leathwick 2002; Meier et al. 2010; Pellissier et al. 2010). The addition of biotic interaction terms has generally impr ...
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning: Basic
... ‘Does biodiversity matter for the functioning of ecosystems?’ or ‘Does it make any difference to the processes within an ecosystem if there are many or only a few species?’ These are the central questions that arise when one is looking at the many ecosystems on earth differing very much in their bio ...
... ‘Does biodiversity matter for the functioning of ecosystems?’ or ‘Does it make any difference to the processes within an ecosystem if there are many or only a few species?’ These are the central questions that arise when one is looking at the many ecosystems on earth differing very much in their bio ...
Integrating food web diversity, structure and stability
... enduring natural systems.’ There have been many studies, both empirical and theoretical, that have attempted to elucidate the ‘devious strategies’ through which stability is attained in diverse ecosystems. Following on from May’s stability criterion, ecologists set out to investigate the relationshi ...
... enduring natural systems.’ There have been many studies, both empirical and theoretical, that have attempted to elucidate the ‘devious strategies’ through which stability is attained in diverse ecosystems. Following on from May’s stability criterion, ecologists set out to investigate the relationshi ...
Rewilding Abandoned Landscapes in Europe | SpringerLink
... in the global demand for agricultural goods, because enough food is obtained either directly by production on competitive land in Europe or elsewhere in the world (Keenleyside and Tucker 2010). Regionally labeled and organic products could help maintain certain forms of extensive agriculture but thi ...
... in the global demand for agricultural goods, because enough food is obtained either directly by production on competitive land in Europe or elsewhere in the world (Keenleyside and Tucker 2010). Regionally labeled and organic products could help maintain certain forms of extensive agriculture but thi ...
Ecology
Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, ""house""; -λογία, ""study of"") is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science. Ecology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), and number (population) of particular organisms; as well as cooperation and competition between organisms, both within and among ecosystems. Ecosystems are composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various niche construction activities, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits, and the variety of organisms is called biodiversity. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science. It is closely related to evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology. An important focus for ecologists is to improve the understanding of how biodiversity affects ecological function. Ecologists seek to explain: Life processes, interactions and adaptations The movement of materials and energy through living communities The successional development of ecosystems The abundance and distribution of organisms and biodiversity in the context of the environment.Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology). For example, the Circles of Sustainability approach treats ecology as more than the environment 'out there'. It is not treated as separate from humans. Organisms (including humans) and resources compose ecosystems which, in turn, maintain biophysical feedback mechanisms that moderate processes acting on living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of the planet. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital like biomass production (food, fuel, fiber and medicine), the regulation of climate, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soil formation, erosion control, flood protection and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.The word ""ecology"" (""Ökologie"") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). Ecological thought is derivative of established currents in philosophy, particularly from ethics and politics. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history. Modern ecology became a much more rigorous science in the late 19th century. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection became the cornerstones of modern ecological theory.