Cockroaches: Ecology, Behavior, and Natural History. William J. Bell
... metabolism. In addition, some cockroaches (e.g., Cryptocercus) also harbor specialized microbes such as those involved in the breakdown of lignocellulose. Cockroaches exhibit a wide variety of fascinating mating strategies and behaviors (Chapter 6), although only a few species have been studied in d ...
... metabolism. In addition, some cockroaches (e.g., Cryptocercus) also harbor specialized microbes such as those involved in the breakdown of lignocellulose. Cockroaches exhibit a wide variety of fascinating mating strategies and behaviors (Chapter 6), although only a few species have been studied in d ...
- Wiley Online Library
... to direct effects of temperature? Several recent studies have focused on predicting the independent and direct effects of environmental change on individual species using trait and distribution information. For example, impacts of climate warming on both terrestrial and marine ectotherms has been sh ...
... to direct effects of temperature? Several recent studies have focused on predicting the independent and direct effects of environmental change on individual species using trait and distribution information. For example, impacts of climate warming on both terrestrial and marine ectotherms has been sh ...
The role of a water bug, Sigara striata, in freshwater food webs
... recent years (Thompson, Dunne & Woodward, 2012), trophic position of many common species remains uncertain. This is troubling because a vast body of theoretical research has shown that food web structure is a key to understanding food web dynamics (de Ruiter, Neutel & Moore, 1995; McCann, Hastings & ...
... recent years (Thompson, Dunne & Woodward, 2012), trophic position of many common species remains uncertain. This is troubling because a vast body of theoretical research has shown that food web structure is a key to understanding food web dynamics (de Ruiter, Neutel & Moore, 1995; McCann, Hastings & ...
Conservation of Deep Pelagic Biodiversity
... that the oceanic water column is filled with life. The largest living space on Earth lies between the ocean’s sunlit upper layers and the dark floor of the deep sea, on average some 4000 m below the surface (Fig. 1). Within this vast midwater habitat are the planet’s largest animal communities, comp ...
... that the oceanic water column is filled with life. The largest living space on Earth lies between the ocean’s sunlit upper layers and the dark floor of the deep sea, on average some 4000 m below the surface (Fig. 1). Within this vast midwater habitat are the planet’s largest animal communities, comp ...
Ecology Jeopardy
... All of the biotic and abiotic factors in a community is called an ___________. Answer ...
... All of the biotic and abiotic factors in a community is called an ___________. Answer ...
Back to Jeopardy - Warren County Public Schools
... All of the biotic and abiotic factors in a community is called an ___________. Answer ...
... All of the biotic and abiotic factors in a community is called an ___________. Answer ...
Dynamics of ecological communities in variable environments
... The environment that affects the population dynamics of species is naturally variable and unpredictable. Usually there is a wide spectrum of environmental variables that can change both temporally and spatially, such as climatic factors (Ruokolainen et al. 2009). Variation in the environment can aff ...
... The environment that affects the population dynamics of species is naturally variable and unpredictable. Usually there is a wide spectrum of environmental variables that can change both temporally and spatially, such as climatic factors (Ruokolainen et al. 2009). Variation in the environment can aff ...
Progress toward understanding the ecological impacts of nonnative
... allows better comparisons across time and space. Impact is sometimes treated as a discrete stage within a series of stages in the invasion process, e.g., transport ! introduction ! establishment ! spread ! impact (Catford et al. 2009, Lockwood et al. 2013), but in reality, a nonnative species may ha ...
... allows better comparisons across time and space. Impact is sometimes treated as a discrete stage within a series of stages in the invasion process, e.g., transport ! introduction ! establishment ! spread ! impact (Catford et al. 2009, Lockwood et al. 2013), but in reality, a nonnative species may ha ...
How Do Species Interactions Affect Evolutionary Dynamics Across
... comparable rates per time interval. Species with shorter generation times should evolve faster on average than those with longer generation times. This concept is uncontroversial, but there are surprisingly few comparative tests for phenotypic traits (Evans et al. 2012). In terms of genetic potentia ...
... comparable rates per time interval. Species with shorter generation times should evolve faster on average than those with longer generation times. This concept is uncontroversial, but there are surprisingly few comparative tests for phenotypic traits (Evans et al. 2012). In terms of genetic potentia ...
Standard Test 3- Nine weeks Exam Answer Section
... c. A squirrel stores food in a tree hole. d. A lion defends its territory. An ecologist who studies how several species in an area interact among each other and with the abiotic parts of the environment is interested in the biological organization level called a(n) _____. a. community c. ecosystem b ...
... c. A squirrel stores food in a tree hole. d. A lion defends its territory. An ecologist who studies how several species in an area interact among each other and with the abiotic parts of the environment is interested in the biological organization level called a(n) _____. a. community c. ecosystem b ...
File - Cook Biology
... plants or animals at rates exceeding the ability of populations of those species to rebound • Overexploitation by the fishing industry has greatly reduced populations of some game fish, such as bluefin tuna ...
... plants or animals at rates exceeding the ability of populations of those species to rebound • Overexploitation by the fishing industry has greatly reduced populations of some game fish, such as bluefin tuna ...
An introduction to restoration genetics
... d. Genetic diversity is the primary basis for adaptation to future environmental uncertainty. Finally, genetic variation holds the key to the ability of populations and species to persist over evolutionary time through changing environments (Freeman and Herron 1998). No organism can predict the futu ...
... d. Genetic diversity is the primary basis for adaptation to future environmental uncertainty. Finally, genetic variation holds the key to the ability of populations and species to persist over evolutionary time through changing environments (Freeman and Herron 1998). No organism can predict the futu ...
Biodiversity and Species Extinctions in Model Food Webs Charlotte Borrvall
... difficult to obtain general patterns. Several structural properties of ecological communities can affect their response to species loss. In all papers in this thesis we have focused on species number in order to explore mainly the impact of species richness on the stability of food webs. We further ...
... difficult to obtain general patterns. Several structural properties of ecological communities can affect their response to species loss. In all papers in this thesis we have focused on species number in order to explore mainly the impact of species richness on the stability of food webs. We further ...
A cross-system synthesis of consumer and nutrient
... and a type I functional response of herbivores consuming autotrophs. It is well known that three-level food chains incorporating type II functional responses are extremely unstable, displaying limit-cycle or chaotic behaviour across much of their parameter space, even when the chains are persistent ...
... and a type I functional response of herbivores consuming autotrophs. It is well known that three-level food chains incorporating type II functional responses are extremely unstable, displaying limit-cycle or chaotic behaviour across much of their parameter space, even when the chains are persistent ...
amphibian contributions to ecosystem services
... Abstract.—Ecosystems provide essential services for human society, which include provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services. Amphibians provide provisioning services by serving as a food source for some human societies, especially in Southeast Asia. They also serve as models in medi ...
... Abstract.—Ecosystems provide essential services for human society, which include provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services. Amphibians provide provisioning services by serving as a food source for some human societies, especially in Southeast Asia. They also serve as models in medi ...
pdf - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
... and a type I functional response of herbivores consuming autotrophs. It is well known that three-level food chains incorporating type II functional responses are extremely unstable, displaying limit-cycle or chaotic behaviour across much of their parameter space, even when the chains are persistent ...
... and a type I functional response of herbivores consuming autotrophs. It is well known that three-level food chains incorporating type II functional responses are extremely unstable, displaying limit-cycle or chaotic behaviour across much of their parameter space, even when the chains are persistent ...
Bison are a keystone species for ecosystem restoration
... One of bison’s greatest impacts on mixed-grass prairie ecosystems is grazing. Bison tend to graze in patches, revisiting areas throughout the season and therefore leaving a mosaic of grazed and ungrazed areas. Because bison selectively graze on dominant grasses while avoiding most forbs and woody sp ...
... One of bison’s greatest impacts on mixed-grass prairie ecosystems is grazing. Bison tend to graze in patches, revisiting areas throughout the season and therefore leaving a mosaic of grazed and ungrazed areas. Because bison selectively graze on dominant grasses while avoiding most forbs and woody sp ...
Preface 1 PDF
... discussion is certainly relevant worldwide, as abandonment is at least a local phenomenon in all parts of the world. The first part of the book aims at developing the basis of a theory of rewilding. Chapter 1 by Pereira and Navarro lays out the basic ideas for the book, and is a reprint of our origi ...
... discussion is certainly relevant worldwide, as abandonment is at least a local phenomenon in all parts of the world. The first part of the book aims at developing the basis of a theory of rewilding. Chapter 1 by Pereira and Navarro lays out the basic ideas for the book, and is a reprint of our origi ...
Organism life cycles, predation, and the structure of marine pelagic
... such as the microbial food web have extended our knowledge of the biological components of the upper water column and their relationships to fluxes of materials and energy, they have not advanced our understanding of why specific pelagic forms occur in time and space, and why only some attain domina ...
... such as the microbial food web have extended our knowledge of the biological components of the upper water column and their relationships to fluxes of materials and energy, they have not advanced our understanding of why specific pelagic forms occur in time and space, and why only some attain domina ...
Low biodiversity state persists two decades after cessation of nutrient enrichment
... To summarise temporal trends in plant species richness, plant species diversity and E. repens relative biomass, we fit loess regressions using the geom_smooth function in the ggplot2 package (Wickham 2010). To test for a hysteretic response in E. repens relative biomass, we used the glm function in ...
... To summarise temporal trends in plant species richness, plant species diversity and E. repens relative biomass, we fit loess regressions using the geom_smooth function in the ggplot2 package (Wickham 2010). To test for a hysteretic response in E. repens relative biomass, we used the glm function in ...
Ecology 86(2)
... Abstract. Trophic cascades have been documented in a diversity of ecological systems and can be important in determining biomass distribution within a community. To date, the literature on trophic cascades has focused on whether and in which systems cascades occur. Many biological (e.g., productivit ...
... Abstract. Trophic cascades have been documented in a diversity of ecological systems and can be important in determining biomass distribution within a community. To date, the literature on trophic cascades has focused on whether and in which systems cascades occur. Many biological (e.g., productivit ...
Behavior and conservation: a bridge too far?
... studies and researchers themselves could be more useful for conservation. Such changes will be necessary if the contribution of behavior to conservation is to move from intellectual wishful thinking to practical solutions for reversing the decline of small populations. Crossing the divide Conservati ...
... studies and researchers themselves could be more useful for conservation. Such changes will be necessary if the contribution of behavior to conservation is to move from intellectual wishful thinking to practical solutions for reversing the decline of small populations. Crossing the divide Conservati ...
PDF
... Copyright 2016 by Author(s). All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
... Copyright 2016 by Author(s). All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
SALCC indicator recommendations
... and resonates with diverse partners. The Index ranges from no passage for any species to complete removal of barrier. Includes level of passage for American Eel, River Herring, American Shad, Atlantic Menhaden, Striped Bass, and Sturgeon ...
... and resonates with diverse partners. The Index ranges from no passage for any species to complete removal of barrier. Includes level of passage for American Eel, River Herring, American Shad, Atlantic Menhaden, Striped Bass, and Sturgeon ...
Ecology
Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, ""house""; -λογία, ""study of"") is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science. Ecology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), and number (population) of particular organisms; as well as cooperation and competition between organisms, both within and among ecosystems. Ecosystems are composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various niche construction activities, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits, and the variety of organisms is called biodiversity. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science. It is closely related to evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology. An important focus for ecologists is to improve the understanding of how biodiversity affects ecological function. Ecologists seek to explain: Life processes, interactions and adaptations The movement of materials and energy through living communities The successional development of ecosystems The abundance and distribution of organisms and biodiversity in the context of the environment.Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology). For example, the Circles of Sustainability approach treats ecology as more than the environment 'out there'. It is not treated as separate from humans. Organisms (including humans) and resources compose ecosystems which, in turn, maintain biophysical feedback mechanisms that moderate processes acting on living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of the planet. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital like biomass production (food, fuel, fiber and medicine), the regulation of climate, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soil formation, erosion control, flood protection and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.The word ""ecology"" (""Ökologie"") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). Ecological thought is derivative of established currents in philosophy, particularly from ethics and politics. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history. Modern ecology became a much more rigorous science in the late 19th century. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection became the cornerstones of modern ecological theory.