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... (buffering) capacity, which can eventually lead to the "death" of a lake or similar body of water. Acid rain is also implicated in the death of many species of trees, e.g. Red Spruce, Sugar Maples, Paper Birch, Green Ash and other species in the northeastern United States. …Precipitation with a pH l ...
... (buffering) capacity, which can eventually lead to the "death" of a lake or similar body of water. Acid rain is also implicated in the death of many species of trees, e.g. Red Spruce, Sugar Maples, Paper Birch, Green Ash and other species in the northeastern United States. …Precipitation with a pH l ...
Communication Skills Courses for the BS Degree in Biology
... Neurochemistry of Memory Rhythms of the Brain Seminar in Neurotoxicology Comparing Sperm and Pollen Evolution Species Interactions and Biodiversity Sexual Selection and Mating Strategies Seminar in Disturbance Ecology Capstone Seminar in Environmental Sciences ...
... Neurochemistry of Memory Rhythms of the Brain Seminar in Neurotoxicology Comparing Sperm and Pollen Evolution Species Interactions and Biodiversity Sexual Selection and Mating Strategies Seminar in Disturbance Ecology Capstone Seminar in Environmental Sciences ...
TRY – a global database of plant traits
... Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs – determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from spe ...
... Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs – determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from spe ...
Modeling Marine Ecosystem Services - Description
... understanding feedbacks between humans and ecosystem conditions in marine and other environments. One of the most important is the notion that humans are an integral part of ecosystems, and so ecosystem models should encompass their behavior (Holland et al., 2010). Similarly, the theory of complex a ...
... understanding feedbacks between humans and ecosystem conditions in marine and other environments. One of the most important is the notion that humans are an integral part of ecosystems, and so ecosystem models should encompass their behavior (Holland et al., 2010). Similarly, the theory of complex a ...
Interspecific interactions in phytophagous insects revisited: a
... biologists that are now lauded for developing and promoting traditional competition theory studied a diverse range of ...
... biologists that are now lauded for developing and promoting traditional competition theory studied a diverse range of ...
Habitat heterogeneity and mammalian predatorprey interactions
... Predator–prey interactions in a spatial world 57 may have consequences on other trophic levels and the overall food web (Denno et al. 2005 and references therein). Changes in the landscape caused by human activity are among the most important drivers affecting species and ecosystems worldwide (Houg ...
... Predator–prey interactions in a spatial world 57 may have consequences on other trophic levels and the overall food web (Denno et al. 2005 and references therein). Changes in the landscape caused by human activity are among the most important drivers affecting species and ecosystems worldwide (Houg ...
Habitat Selection and Population Regulation in
... This line is called an isodar and specifies the combinations of Ni and Nj that give equal fitness in both habitats (Morris 1988). Hence, the isodar specifies the evolutionary attractor and the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) for the spatial distribution of individuals. Depending on the relative ...
... This line is called an isodar and specifies the combinations of Ni and Nj that give equal fitness in both habitats (Morris 1988). Hence, the isodar specifies the evolutionary attractor and the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) for the spatial distribution of individuals. Depending on the relative ...
modeling the role of primary productivity disruption in end
... cally in patterns of secondary extinction as primary producer disruption is increased, as well as predicting the levels of disruption that would be necessary to cause observed end-Permian terrestrial extinctions. Previous simulations indicate that secondary extinctions do not scale linearly with pri ...
... cally in patterns of secondary extinction as primary producer disruption is increased, as well as predicting the levels of disruption that would be necessary to cause observed end-Permian terrestrial extinctions. Previous simulations indicate that secondary extinctions do not scale linearly with pri ...
Spatial and temporal scales of key ecological processes in Marine
... processes in the multiple use marine waters (i.e. outside the existing MPAs) in each marine bioregion. The critical ecological processes range, for example, from the nutrient dynamics associated with major upwellings (lifting of cold, nutrient-rich deep waters to the surface) through to the dispersa ...
... processes in the multiple use marine waters (i.e. outside the existing MPAs) in each marine bioregion. The critical ecological processes range, for example, from the nutrient dynamics associated with major upwellings (lifting of cold, nutrient-rich deep waters to the surface) through to the dispersa ...
Ecosystem effects of fishing in kelp forest communities
... Agarum clathratum (Dayton, 1975). These associations support detritus-based food webs of crustaceans and fish. In the absence of otters, dense populations of sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus polyacanthus), along with limpets and chitons, virtually exclude fleshy macroalgae; fish are much less common ...
... Agarum clathratum (Dayton, 1975). These associations support detritus-based food webs of crustaceans and fish. In the absence of otters, dense populations of sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus polyacanthus), along with limpets and chitons, virtually exclude fleshy macroalgae; fish are much less common ...
Picture - Emanuel A. Fronhofer
... hierarchical levels. These forces are the result of internal and external conditions or limiting factors, mechanisms, processes and interactions. These may be broadly classified into abiotic (landscape) and biotic forces, where the latter can be subdivided into intraspecific (on the levels of genes, ...
... hierarchical levels. These forces are the result of internal and external conditions or limiting factors, mechanisms, processes and interactions. These may be broadly classified into abiotic (landscape) and biotic forces, where the latter can be subdivided into intraspecific (on the levels of genes, ...
3337 CBD Synthesis.indd - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... and their contributions to human well-being. Biological diversity plays a critical role in underpinning ecosystem services. Governments supported the establishment of the MA through decisions taken by the Convention on Biological Diversity and other international conventions. The MA was initiated in ...
... and their contributions to human well-being. Biological diversity plays a critical role in underpinning ecosystem services. Governments supported the establishment of the MA through decisions taken by the Convention on Biological Diversity and other international conventions. The MA was initiated in ...
Chapter 36 – Communities and Ecosystems
... i. Balance of births-deaths. E.g. Mexico transitions to lower birth and death rates. This is demographic transition. (Fig. 36.9B) ii. Age structure (Fig. 36.9C) 1. Rapid growth shows triangular shape while zero growth is rectangular. c. Ecological Footprint i. The amount of land necessary to sustain ...
... i. Balance of births-deaths. E.g. Mexico transitions to lower birth and death rates. This is demographic transition. (Fig. 36.9B) ii. Age structure (Fig. 36.9C) 1. Rapid growth shows triangular shape while zero growth is rectangular. c. Ecological Footprint i. The amount of land necessary to sustain ...
Cervid Ecological Framework
... important component of Ontario’s biodiversity. The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) is responsible for the protection and management of Ontario’s cervid species. The current strategic direction for wildlife is based on the documents Our Sustainable Future (OMNR 2005a) and Ontario’s Biodi ...
... important component of Ontario’s biodiversity. The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) is responsible for the protection and management of Ontario’s cervid species. The current strategic direction for wildlife is based on the documents Our Sustainable Future (OMNR 2005a) and Ontario’s Biodi ...
report of the first meeting of the ad hoc technical expert group
... the self-limiting strategy, the modifications in the LM mosquitoes produced through self-propagating strategies are intended to be heritable and to spread through the target population and, thus, to persist in the ecosystem at least in the medium term. The objective of the self-propagating strategie ...
... the self-limiting strategy, the modifications in the LM mosquitoes produced through self-propagating strategies are intended to be heritable and to spread through the target population and, thus, to persist in the ecosystem at least in the medium term. The objective of the self-propagating strategie ...
Landscapes and species-analyzing the ecological Gaps
... are many and are for example linked to water management and supply, atmospheric pollution, purification and storage of carbon related to climate change and many others. The stability of the ecosystems is based on the diversity of species, thus declining diversity could lead to disfunction in service ...
... are many and are for example linked to water management and supply, atmospheric pollution, purification and storage of carbon related to climate change and many others. The stability of the ecosystems is based on the diversity of species, thus declining diversity could lead to disfunction in service ...
Population-Level Metrics of Trophic Structure Based on
... Biological invasions are a significant driver of human-induced global change and many ecosystems sustain sympatric invaders. Interactions occurring among these invaders have important implications for ecosystem structure and functioning, yet they are poorly understood. Here we apply newly developed ...
... Biological invasions are a significant driver of human-induced global change and many ecosystems sustain sympatric invaders. Interactions occurring among these invaders have important implications for ecosystem structure and functioning, yet they are poorly understood. Here we apply newly developed ...
Biodiversity_and_EMAS_European_B+B_Campaign
... mining, oil and gas, infrastructure, transport Businesses that depend on healthy ecosystems and biodiversity for production, such as agriculture /food production, fisheries, tourism, cosmetics and personal care, natural medicines, pharmaceuticals Industry sectors that finance and undergird economic ...
... mining, oil and gas, infrastructure, transport Businesses that depend on healthy ecosystems and biodiversity for production, such as agriculture /food production, fisheries, tourism, cosmetics and personal care, natural medicines, pharmaceuticals Industry sectors that finance and undergird economic ...
The Biology of Lakes and Ponds
... ecological theory. From broad ecosystem-level concepts such as trophic structure and trophic dynamics (Elton 1927, Lindeman 1942, Hutchinson 1948), the trophic cascade (Zaret and Paine 1973, Carpenter et al. 1985), and ecological stoichiometry (Tilman 1982, Sterner and Elser 2002), to the impacts of ...
... ecological theory. From broad ecosystem-level concepts such as trophic structure and trophic dynamics (Elton 1927, Lindeman 1942, Hutchinson 1948), the trophic cascade (Zaret and Paine 1973, Carpenter et al. 1985), and ecological stoichiometry (Tilman 1982, Sterner and Elser 2002), to the impacts of ...
How might epigenetics contribute to ecological speciation?
... novel environment following dispersal or rapid environmental change. Adaptation to a range of new environments may follow a single invasion event, for example when fish invade glacial or other new lakes (Skúlason et al., 1999), or occur with on-going gene flow or fluctuating environments. Demonstrat ...
... novel environment following dispersal or rapid environmental change. Adaptation to a range of new environments may follow a single invasion event, for example when fish invade glacial or other new lakes (Skúlason et al., 1999), or occur with on-going gene flow or fluctuating environments. Demonstrat ...
How might epigenetics contribute to ecological speciation?
... novel environment following dispersal or rapid environmental change. Adaptation to a range of new environments may follow a single invasion event, for example when fish invade glacial or other new lakes (Skúlason et al., 1999), or occur with on-going gene flow or fluctuating environments. Demonstrat ...
... novel environment following dispersal or rapid environmental change. Adaptation to a range of new environments may follow a single invasion event, for example when fish invade glacial or other new lakes (Skúlason et al., 1999), or occur with on-going gene flow or fluctuating environments. Demonstrat ...
Shift happens! Shifting balance and the evolution of diversity
... explained by stochastic peak shift (Barton & Rouhani, 1987). The shifting balance has, however, been criticised as being a verbal model lacking rigour, and indeed Sewall Wright himself argued that his theory of evolution explained just about everything from evolutionary progress within species, spec ...
... explained by stochastic peak shift (Barton & Rouhani, 1987). The shifting balance has, however, been criticised as being a verbal model lacking rigour, and indeed Sewall Wright himself argued that his theory of evolution explained just about everything from evolutionary progress within species, spec ...
Evolution Exam
... a. among populations in similar habitats b. in large, randomly breeding populations c. in populations with few reproductive isolating mechanisms d. among populations exposed to climatic and other environmental changes e. under all of the above conditions ____ 18. Natural selection is the process by ...
... a. among populations in similar habitats b. in large, randomly breeding populations c. in populations with few reproductive isolating mechanisms d. among populations exposed to climatic and other environmental changes e. under all of the above conditions ____ 18. Natural selection is the process by ...
Mechanisms and mitigation of food web change in stream ecosystems
... Firstly, I would like to thank my supervisors: Angus McIntosh, Jon O’Brien, and JoAnna Lessard. Angus, thank you for giving me the opportunity to come to New Zealand, for always pushing me to try one more analysis and think deeper about my results, and for your patience through many many dras of th ...
... Firstly, I would like to thank my supervisors: Angus McIntosh, Jon O’Brien, and JoAnna Lessard. Angus, thank you for giving me the opportunity to come to New Zealand, for always pushing me to try one more analysis and think deeper about my results, and for your patience through many many dras of th ...
Ecology
Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, ""house""; -λογία, ""study of"") is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science. Ecology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), and number (population) of particular organisms; as well as cooperation and competition between organisms, both within and among ecosystems. Ecosystems are composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various niche construction activities, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits, and the variety of organisms is called biodiversity. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science. It is closely related to evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology. An important focus for ecologists is to improve the understanding of how biodiversity affects ecological function. Ecologists seek to explain: Life processes, interactions and adaptations The movement of materials and energy through living communities The successional development of ecosystems The abundance and distribution of organisms and biodiversity in the context of the environment.Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology). For example, the Circles of Sustainability approach treats ecology as more than the environment 'out there'. It is not treated as separate from humans. Organisms (including humans) and resources compose ecosystems which, in turn, maintain biophysical feedback mechanisms that moderate processes acting on living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of the planet. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital like biomass production (food, fuel, fiber and medicine), the regulation of climate, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soil formation, erosion control, flood protection and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.The word ""ecology"" (""Ökologie"") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). Ecological thought is derivative of established currents in philosophy, particularly from ethics and politics. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history. Modern ecology became a much more rigorous science in the late 19th century. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection became the cornerstones of modern ecological theory.