Oriented cell motility and division underlie early limb bud
... similar mechanism might contribute to limb bud outgrowth in addition to the known positive effect of Wnt5a on mesoderm proliferation (Yamaguchi et al., 1999). By contrast, it has been suggested that cell movement is a feature of limb formation only in lower vertebrates, and not in mouse or chick (Ra ...
... similar mechanism might contribute to limb bud outgrowth in addition to the known positive effect of Wnt5a on mesoderm proliferation (Yamaguchi et al., 1999). By contrast, it has been suggested that cell movement is a feature of limb formation only in lower vertebrates, and not in mouse or chick (Ra ...
Here - Events
... inducing asymmetric divisions to assess potential size-correction mechanisms during the following cell cycle. The combination of these two methods allowed characterizing the homeostasis process in different cell types. We show that, in HeLa, MDCK and HT29 cells, there is no apparent cell size checkp ...
... inducing asymmetric divisions to assess potential size-correction mechanisms during the following cell cycle. The combination of these two methods allowed characterizing the homeostasis process in different cell types. We show that, in HeLa, MDCK and HT29 cells, there is no apparent cell size checkp ...
Xyloglucan and its Interactions with Other Components of the
... dextrans for calibration (Armstrong et al. 2004), one would estimate a 10-fold reduction in polymer length from these values, but in this instance the difference was primarily due to conformation because arabinose removal reduced the molecular mass by only 11%. The polymer with less substitution ass ...
... dextrans for calibration (Armstrong et al. 2004), one would estimate a 10-fold reduction in polymer length from these values, but in this instance the difference was primarily due to conformation because arabinose removal reduced the molecular mass by only 11%. The polymer with less substitution ass ...
Nitric oxide in primary ciliary dyskinesia REVIEW and
... bronchial or nasal epithelia. There is no ‘‘gold standard’’ test that will diagnose all PCD phenotypes, and hence a diagnostic workup requires the rigorous assessment of CBF and ciliary beat pattern (CBP) by high-resolution, high-speed video microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of ciliary ...
... bronchial or nasal epithelia. There is no ‘‘gold standard’’ test that will diagnose all PCD phenotypes, and hence a diagnostic workup requires the rigorous assessment of CBF and ciliary beat pattern (CBP) by high-resolution, high-speed video microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of ciliary ...
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... data obtained from chick suggests that sequential BMP-FGF signaling is sufficient to establish thymus fate (Neves et al., 2012). By contrast, SHH signaling promotes parathyroid fate and is a negative regulator of thymus fate. In its absence, embryos lack Gcm2, downregulate Tbx1 and expand Bmp4 and F ...
... data obtained from chick suggests that sequential BMP-FGF signaling is sufficient to establish thymus fate (Neves et al., 2012). By contrast, SHH signaling promotes parathyroid fate and is a negative regulator of thymus fate. In its absence, embryos lack Gcm2, downregulate Tbx1 and expand Bmp4 and F ...
FGF1 inhibits p53-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via an
... on p53-dependent apoptosis and cell growth arrest. We transfected REtsAF cells with a pSVL-FGF1 expression vector (p267 (Jaye et al., 1988; Renaud et al., 1996a)). The overproduction, by transient transfection, of FGF1 in REtsAF cells protected about 50% of the cells against p53-dependent cell death ...
... on p53-dependent apoptosis and cell growth arrest. We transfected REtsAF cells with a pSVL-FGF1 expression vector (p267 (Jaye et al., 1988; Renaud et al., 1996a)). The overproduction, by transient transfection, of FGF1 in REtsAF cells protected about 50% of the cells against p53-dependent cell death ...
Endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria contacts: function of the junction
... and the yeast division machinery dynamin Dnm1 localizing to positions where endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules circumscribe the mitochondrial membrane. b,c | Live confocal fluorescence time-lapse images of Cos‑7 cells (b) and yeast cells (c) showing mitochondrial constriction followed by division ta ...
... and the yeast division machinery dynamin Dnm1 localizing to positions where endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules circumscribe the mitochondrial membrane. b,c | Live confocal fluorescence time-lapse images of Cos‑7 cells (b) and yeast cells (c) showing mitochondrial constriction followed by division ta ...
Exocytosis Precedes and Predicts the Increase in Growth in
... (Figure 2). To determine the phase shift, we applied crosscorrelation analysis, a procedure that has been used extensively to compute the temporal relationship between variables (for details, see Holdaway-Clarke et al., 1997). In brief, crosscorrelation analysis compares the entire records of growth ...
... (Figure 2). To determine the phase shift, we applied crosscorrelation analysis, a procedure that has been used extensively to compute the temporal relationship between variables (for details, see Holdaway-Clarke et al., 1997). In brief, crosscorrelation analysis compares the entire records of growth ...
Bacterial Growth and Cell Division: a Mycobacterial Perspective
... pathogenic species, M. tuberculosis and M. leprae, the causative agents of two of the world’s oldest diseases, tuberculosis and leprosy, respectively. M. tuberculosis kills approximately two million people each year and is thought to latently infect onethird of the world’s population. One of the mos ...
... pathogenic species, M. tuberculosis and M. leprae, the causative agents of two of the world’s oldest diseases, tuberculosis and leprosy, respectively. M. tuberculosis kills approximately two million people each year and is thought to latently infect onethird of the world’s population. One of the mos ...
Exocytosis Precedes and Predicts the Increase in
... tubes. Prior electron microscopy studies indicate that the wall is significantly thicker at the extreme apex than along the flanks of the apical dome (Lancelle and Hepler, 1992). Realizing that the dimensions of the cell wall will be small, we attempted to optimize the optical system for maximum res ...
... tubes. Prior electron microscopy studies indicate that the wall is significantly thicker at the extreme apex than along the flanks of the apical dome (Lancelle and Hepler, 1992). Realizing that the dimensions of the cell wall will be small, we attempted to optimize the optical system for maximum res ...
The cell biology of lignification in higher plants
... Despite the fact that lignin is the second most abundant terrestrial biopolymer after cellulose (Boerjan et al., 2003), our understanding of lignin formation remains fragmentary. In contrast to cellulose, which presents a defined biochemical structure independently of the type of plant cell, lignin ...
... Despite the fact that lignin is the second most abundant terrestrial biopolymer after cellulose (Boerjan et al., 2003), our understanding of lignin formation remains fragmentary. In contrast to cellulose, which presents a defined biochemical structure independently of the type of plant cell, lignin ...
pdf: Rahman et al. 2007.
... Therefore, actin has been demonstrated to be important for growth and auxin responses; nevertheless, few of these observations have dealt with specific growth components, and, for the most part, the mechanistic basis for these effects remains obscure. To elucidate the role of actin in growth and aux ...
... Therefore, actin has been demonstrated to be important for growth and auxin responses; nevertheless, few of these observations have dealt with specific growth components, and, for the most part, the mechanistic basis for these effects remains obscure. To elucidate the role of actin in growth and aux ...
The Glial Cell–Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling Pathway
... the endoplasmic reticulum (van Weering et al., 1998). Since GFR and GDNF homologs have not been identified in the Drosophila genome, c-ret may have evolved from a cell adhesion molecule. Although GDNF family ligands provide the most direct pathway for activation through GFR subunits of c-ret, an a ...
... the endoplasmic reticulum (van Weering et al., 1998). Since GFR and GDNF homologs have not been identified in the Drosophila genome, c-ret may have evolved from a cell adhesion molecule. Although GDNF family ligands provide the most direct pathway for activation through GFR subunits of c-ret, an a ...
assembly and enlargement of the primary cell wall in plants
... ribbon conformation (Brown et al 1996). They are long enough (i.e. ≈1–5 microns in length) to extend into multiple crystalline subdomains and amorphous regions of a microfibril. The tight noncovalent bonding between adjacent glucans within a cellulose microfibril gives this structure remarkable prop ...
... ribbon conformation (Brown et al 1996). They are long enough (i.e. ≈1–5 microns in length) to extend into multiple crystalline subdomains and amorphous regions of a microfibril. The tight noncovalent bonding between adjacent glucans within a cellulose microfibril gives this structure remarkable prop ...
Unleashing the potential of the root hair cell as a
... root hair cells and stripped roots, roots devoid in root hairs. Enlarging our tests to include other plant species, our results support the isolation of large quantities of highly purified root hair cells which is compatible with a systems biology approach. Keywords: stress response, root hair cell, ...
... root hair cells and stripped roots, roots devoid in root hairs. Enlarging our tests to include other plant species, our results support the isolation of large quantities of highly purified root hair cells which is compatible with a systems biology approach. Keywords: stress response, root hair cell, ...
Rb is required for progression through myogenic differentiation but
... (MHC) is reduced. In addition, serum restimulation of these differentiated pRb-deficient myoblasts results in BrdU incorporation and, thus, S-phase entry and DNA synthesis. However, these cells are unable to enter mitosis. Moreover, forced expression of MyoD in a variety of Rb/ fibroblastic cells ...
... (MHC) is reduced. In addition, serum restimulation of these differentiated pRb-deficient myoblasts results in BrdU incorporation and, thus, S-phase entry and DNA synthesis. However, these cells are unable to enter mitosis. Moreover, forced expression of MyoD in a variety of Rb/ fibroblastic cells ...
1 - The Mostowy Lab
... Salmonella below). However, work in bone marrowderived macrophages has shown that autophagy triggered by host-cell membrane remnants, created by rupture of phagosomal vacuoles by LLO, does not control intracytosolic Listeria replication [31]. By contrast, work in Drosophila has shown that LLO-depend ...
... Salmonella below). However, work in bone marrowderived macrophages has shown that autophagy triggered by host-cell membrane remnants, created by rupture of phagosomal vacuoles by LLO, does not control intracytosolic Listeria replication [31]. By contrast, work in Drosophila has shown that LLO-depend ...
LIU-THESIS - eCommons@USASK
... intact single cell epidermal layer system allowed direct observation of the freezing process during freezing and thawing on a single cell basis in live intact tissues in non-acclimated (23/18°C) and acclimated (2 weeks at 12/4oC) plants. Under acclimation treatment, freezing resistance increased fro ...
... intact single cell epidermal layer system allowed direct observation of the freezing process during freezing and thawing on a single cell basis in live intact tissues in non-acclimated (23/18°C) and acclimated (2 weeks at 12/4oC) plants. Under acclimation treatment, freezing resistance increased fro ...
Arabidopsis Phragmoplast-Associated Kinesins Play
... division site. It is not well understood how the phragmoplast microtubule array is organized. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two homologous microtubule motor kinesins, PAKRP1/Kinesin-12A and PAKRP1L/Kinesin-12B, localize exclusively at the juxtaposing plus ends of the antiparallel microtubules in the midd ...
... division site. It is not well understood how the phragmoplast microtubule array is organized. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two homologous microtubule motor kinesins, PAKRP1/Kinesin-12A and PAKRP1L/Kinesin-12B, localize exclusively at the juxtaposing plus ends of the antiparallel microtubules in the midd ...
Out of the Mouths of Plants: The Molecular Basis of the Evolution
... cell–cell signals in turn appear to activate a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling cascade including the MAPKKK YODA (Bergmann et al., 2004), MPKK4/5, and MAPK MPK3/6 (Wang et al., 2007), to suppress stomatal development in neighboring cells. In general, MAP kinase cascades target trans ...
... cell–cell signals in turn appear to activate a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling cascade including the MAPKKK YODA (Bergmann et al., 2004), MPKK4/5, and MAPK MPK3/6 (Wang et al., 2007), to suppress stomatal development in neighboring cells. In general, MAP kinase cascades target trans ...
STUDENTS` MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT CELL BIOLOGY AND
... science education have been focusing on identifying and analyzing the idea and concepts students held before and after instruction. Most of the studies have confirmed the students usually bring in science education ideas that differ from those held by the instructors and accepted as correct by scien ...
... science education have been focusing on identifying and analyzing the idea and concepts students held before and after instruction. Most of the studies have confirmed the students usually bring in science education ideas that differ from those held by the instructors and accepted as correct by scien ...
Definition of a p53 transactivation function-deficient mutant
... colony formation assay performed with H1299 (Figure 1) and Saos-2 (data not shown) cell lines, which are both p537/7, M22/23 displays a phenotype which is intermediate between the inactive tumor-derived mutant, D281G, and p53 wild-type (p53 WT). This assay enables growth suppression in its most gene ...
... colony formation assay performed with H1299 (Figure 1) and Saos-2 (data not shown) cell lines, which are both p537/7, M22/23 displays a phenotype which is intermediate between the inactive tumor-derived mutant, D281G, and p53 wild-type (p53 WT). This assay enables growth suppression in its most gene ...
Electron Tomographic Analysis of Somatic Cell Plate Formation in
... a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from its surface. These L-shaped complexes are most readily identifie ...
... a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from its surface. These L-shaped complexes are most readily identifie ...
The LIR motif – crucial for selective autophagy
... Fig. 2. Domain architecture of selective autophagy cargo receptors known to date. The sequestosome-1-like receptors (SLRs) constitute of p62, NBR1, NDP52, TAX1BP and OPTN (optineurin) in mammals. The known mitophagy receptors FUNDC1, BNIP3, NIX (BNIP3L) in mammals, and Atg32 in yeast, are shown. The ...
... Fig. 2. Domain architecture of selective autophagy cargo receptors known to date. The sequestosome-1-like receptors (SLRs) constitute of p62, NBR1, NDP52, TAX1BP and OPTN (optineurin) in mammals. The known mitophagy receptors FUNDC1, BNIP3, NIX (BNIP3L) in mammals, and Atg32 in yeast, are shown. The ...
Electron Tomographic Analysis of Somatic Cell Plate Formation in
... a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from its surface. These L-shaped complexes are most readily identifie ...
... a modeled cell plate is shown in Figure 4W. Figures 4A to 4D illustrate a set (every fifth slice) of 2-nm-thick tomographic slices through a small-dark vesicle with a characteristic L-shaped molecular complex (Figure 4E) extending from its surface. These L-shaped complexes are most readily identifie ...
Programmed cell death
Programmed cell-death (or PCD) is death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program. PCD is carried out in a regulated process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's life-cycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the fingers apoptose; the result is that the digits are separate. PCD serves fundamental functions during both plant and metazoa (multicellular animals) tissue development.Apoptosis and autophagy are both forms of programmed cell death, but necrosis is a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury.Necrosis is the death of a cell caused by external factors such as trauma or infection and occurs in several different forms. Recently a form of programmed necrosis, called necroptosis, has been recognized as an alternate form of programmed cell death. It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations.