2-7 Active-Site Geometry
... orientation and the collision will be non-productive. Thus, if both molecules first bind to an enzyme active site, and do so in such a way that their reactive portions are juxtaposed, the probability of a reaction is optimized. In solution, when two molecules collide but do not react they bounce off ...
... orientation and the collision will be non-productive. Thus, if both molecules first bind to an enzyme active site, and do so in such a way that their reactive portions are juxtaposed, the probability of a reaction is optimized. In solution, when two molecules collide but do not react they bounce off ...
Chapter 6 "Mechanisms of Enzymes" Reading Assignment: pp. 158
... transition state has a structure between that of the reactant and the product. Note that the tetrahedral intermediate formed in Reaction 6.1 also is produced via a transition state structure (not shown). In this case, the structure of the transition state and the intermediate are thought to be very ...
... transition state has a structure between that of the reactant and the product. Note that the tetrahedral intermediate formed in Reaction 6.1 also is produced via a transition state structure (not shown). In this case, the structure of the transition state and the intermediate are thought to be very ...
Fatty Acid Catabolism - Chemistry Courses: About
... acid phenyl derivatives and then analyzed their urine for the resulting metabolites. What metabolite was produced when dogs were fed ...
... acid phenyl derivatives and then analyzed their urine for the resulting metabolites. What metabolite was produced when dogs were fed ...
Enzyme Power Point
... Lock and Key Model • An enzyme binds a substrate in a region called the active site • Only certain substrates can fit the active site • Amino acid R groups in the active site help substrate bind • Enzyme-substrate complex forms • Substrate reacts to form product ...
... Lock and Key Model • An enzyme binds a substrate in a region called the active site • Only certain substrates can fit the active site • Amino acid R groups in the active site help substrate bind • Enzyme-substrate complex forms • Substrate reacts to form product ...
SALT BRIDGE D526- FUNCTIONS AS A HINGE THAT CONTROLS
... Hsp70 proteins consist of two major structural domains: a conserved N-terminal ATPase domain and a more variable C-terminal substrate binding domain (SBD). The SBD contains a β-sandwich, that holds the peptide binding groove, and an α-helical subdomain that folds over the β-structure and might contr ...
... Hsp70 proteins consist of two major structural domains: a conserved N-terminal ATPase domain and a more variable C-terminal substrate binding domain (SBD). The SBD contains a β-sandwich, that holds the peptide binding groove, and an α-helical subdomain that folds over the β-structure and might contr ...
letters Structure of -lactam synthetase reveals how to
... Although β-LS is an amide-synthesizing enzyme, its amino acid sequence does not resemble tRNA synthetases or nonribosomal peptide synthetases but is similar to class B asparagine synthetases (AS-Bs)13,14. These ATP/Mg2+-dependent enzymes, which belong to the broader family of Ntn glutamine amidotran ...
... Although β-LS is an amide-synthesizing enzyme, its amino acid sequence does not resemble tRNA synthetases or nonribosomal peptide synthetases but is similar to class B asparagine synthetases (AS-Bs)13,14. These ATP/Mg2+-dependent enzymes, which belong to the broader family of Ntn glutamine amidotran ...
Document
... • example: hydration of a cis alkene (but not its trans isomer) to give an R alcohol (but not the S alcohol) • Review Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules (R/S) at Wikipedia. ...
... • example: hydration of a cis alkene (but not its trans isomer) to give an R alcohol (but not the S alcohol) • Review Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules (R/S) at Wikipedia. ...
PG1005 Lecture 12 Kreb`s Citric Acid Cycle
... of Kreb’s Citric Acid Cycle (KCAC). (substrates, enzymes, products, reaction types) • To highlight the existence of checkpoints in the KCAC which permit physiological supervision of flux through the process ...
... of Kreb’s Citric Acid Cycle (KCAC). (substrates, enzymes, products, reaction types) • To highlight the existence of checkpoints in the KCAC which permit physiological supervision of flux through the process ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS HOW PLANTS MAKE THEIR
... CELL RESPIRATION Animals do this! • They have to break down food molecules to create energy and release H2O & CO2 as by products • FORMULA IS: • C6H12O6 + O2----ENERGY+CO2 + H20 ...
... CELL RESPIRATION Animals do this! • They have to break down food molecules to create energy and release H2O & CO2 as by products • FORMULA IS: • C6H12O6 + O2----ENERGY+CO2 + H20 ...
File
... changes in the chemical environment of the enzyme can lead to a shape / conformational change in the protein; leading to a change in the shape of the active site; may interfere with the binding of the substrate with the active site; altering pH can alter intermolecular interactions within the protei ...
... changes in the chemical environment of the enzyme can lead to a shape / conformational change in the protein; leading to a change in the shape of the active site; may interfere with the binding of the substrate with the active site; altering pH can alter intermolecular interactions within the protei ...
ATP production in isolated mitochondria of procyclic Trypanosoma
... The single mitochondrion of insect stage T. brucei has three in part overlapping ATP production pathways (1, 2)(Fig. 1). First, as in mitochondria from other organisms ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in a cyanide-sensitive electron transport chain. Second, as expected one step ...
... The single mitochondrion of insect stage T. brucei has three in part overlapping ATP production pathways (1, 2)(Fig. 1). First, as in mitochondria from other organisms ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in a cyanide-sensitive electron transport chain. Second, as expected one step ...
Chapter05, 06 代谢引论糖代谢
... Phosphoryl group from C-3 to C-2 Rationale for this enzyme - repositions the phosphate to make PEP Note the phospho-histidine intermediates! Zelda Rose showed that a bit of 2,3-BPG is required to phosphorylate His Rx 9: Enolase 2-P-Gly to PEP How can such a reaction create a PEP? "Energy content" of ...
... Phosphoryl group from C-3 to C-2 Rationale for this enzyme - repositions the phosphate to make PEP Note the phospho-histidine intermediates! Zelda Rose showed that a bit of 2,3-BPG is required to phosphorylate His Rx 9: Enolase 2-P-Gly to PEP How can such a reaction create a PEP? "Energy content" of ...
Promoter Analysis of the Mouse Sterol Regulatory Element
... family, SREBPs are synthesized as precursor proteins that remain bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope in the presence of sufficient sterol concentrations. Upon sterol deprivation, the precursor protein undergoes a sequential two-step cleavage process to release the NH2-termina ...
... family, SREBPs are synthesized as precursor proteins that remain bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope in the presence of sufficient sterol concentrations. Upon sterol deprivation, the precursor protein undergoes a sequential two-step cleavage process to release the NH2-termina ...
Introduction - MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
... GLYCOLYTIC FLUX PER2::LUC Bioluminescence ...
... GLYCOLYTIC FLUX PER2::LUC Bioluminescence ...
Text S1.
... the reaction would not be reversible (the equilibrium reaction is close to 1 based on data from [2]), attempts to measure phosphoketolase activity in the reverse direction, using in vitro assays, failed to demonstrate activity [3]. It may be that the enzyme has been kinetically optimized by evolutio ...
... the reaction would not be reversible (the equilibrium reaction is close to 1 based on data from [2]), attempts to measure phosphoketolase activity in the reverse direction, using in vitro assays, failed to demonstrate activity [3]. It may be that the enzyme has been kinetically optimized by evolutio ...
Enzymes
... Enzymes are Temperature Dependent…... Most work BEST at body temperature 37oC DENATURE (change shape) at high temperatures Inactive (doesn’t work that well) at LOW temperature ...
... Enzymes are Temperature Dependent…... Most work BEST at body temperature 37oC DENATURE (change shape) at high temperatures Inactive (doesn’t work that well) at LOW temperature ...
to an allosteric site
... Enzymes are specific for a particular substrate, and that specificity depends upon the enzyme's three-dimensional shape. Substrate = The substance an enzyme acts on and makes more reactive. • An enzyme binds to its substrate and catalyzes its conversion to product. The enzyme is released in original ...
... Enzymes are specific for a particular substrate, and that specificity depends upon the enzyme's three-dimensional shape. Substrate = The substance an enzyme acts on and makes more reactive. • An enzyme binds to its substrate and catalyzes its conversion to product. The enzyme is released in original ...
1. Metabolic pathways 2. Basic enzyme kinetics 3. Metabolic
... Basic mechanism » Electrons are transported from NADH & FADH through the electron transport chain to oxygen » Electron transport causes protons to be released into the intermembrane space » These electrons can be transported back into mitochondrial matrix by a proton conducting ATP-synthase » The de ...
... Basic mechanism » Electrons are transported from NADH & FADH through the electron transport chain to oxygen » Electron transport causes protons to be released into the intermembrane space » These electrons can be transported back into mitochondrial matrix by a proton conducting ATP-synthase » The de ...
Test 2
... As a way of comparing the energy available from the oxidation of fatty acids to that available from the oxidation of carbohydrates, one could compare the ATP produced from the oxidation of a six carbon fatty acid (hexanoic acid: CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2COOH) with that produced from a six carbon sugar (gl ...
... As a way of comparing the energy available from the oxidation of fatty acids to that available from the oxidation of carbohydrates, one could compare the ATP produced from the oxidation of a six carbon fatty acid (hexanoic acid: CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2COOH) with that produced from a six carbon sugar (gl ...
Enzymes
... The total number of enzymes in our bodies can only be speculated on; the number of individual enzyme molecules is virtually inestimable Hundreds of thousands of reactions are taking place in the cells of your body as you read this page. - Your central nervous system is busy processing this informati ...
... The total number of enzymes in our bodies can only be speculated on; the number of individual enzyme molecules is virtually inestimable Hundreds of thousands of reactions are taking place in the cells of your body as you read this page. - Your central nervous system is busy processing this informati ...
Ch. 8 Review Sheet
... Identify the substances represented by the arrows. Roman numeral I represents the first stage of photosynthesis; Roman numeral II represents the second stage of photosynthesis. 20. Which arrow represents glucose? A. 1 B. 5 ...
... Identify the substances represented by the arrows. Roman numeral I represents the first stage of photosynthesis; Roman numeral II represents the second stage of photosynthesis. 20. Which arrow represents glucose? A. 1 B. 5 ...
Fatty Acid oxidation
... Slightly more complicated Requires additional enzymes Oxidation of unsaturated FAs produce less energy than that of saturated FAs (because they are less highly reduced, therefore, fewer reducing equivalents can be produced from these structures) ...
... Slightly more complicated Requires additional enzymes Oxidation of unsaturated FAs produce less energy than that of saturated FAs (because they are less highly reduced, therefore, fewer reducing equivalents can be produced from these structures) ...
Nov_16
... Pyruvate carboxylase o Part of the filling up reaction o Citric synthase…part of TCA cycle o Allosterically regulated by acetyl-CoA o When Pyruvate carboxylase is activated, Oxaloacetate up, more citrate can be formed, therefore reducing acetyl-COA and boosting TCA cycle This is called a “filling ...
... Pyruvate carboxylase o Part of the filling up reaction o Citric synthase…part of TCA cycle o Allosterically regulated by acetyl-CoA o When Pyruvate carboxylase is activated, Oxaloacetate up, more citrate can be formed, therefore reducing acetyl-COA and boosting TCA cycle This is called a “filling ...
active site
... There has to be a system for shutting down a metabolic pathway or the cell would not only be inefficient there would be chemical chaos. The pathways must be tightly controlled so only substances that are needed and the right amounts are produced. This is accomplished by two ways: gene regulation and ...
... There has to be a system for shutting down a metabolic pathway or the cell would not only be inefficient there would be chemical chaos. The pathways must be tightly controlled so only substances that are needed and the right amounts are produced. This is accomplished by two ways: gene regulation and ...
Luciferase
Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes used in bioluminescence and is distinct from a photoprotein. The name is derived from Lucifer, the root of which means 'light-bearer' (lucem ferre). One example is the firefly luciferase (EC 1.13.12.7) from the firefly Photinus pyralis. ""Firefly luciferase"" as a laboratory reagent often refers to P. pyralis luciferase although recombinant luciferases from several other species of fireflies are also commercially available.