Ion Channels in Bursting Neurons
... This experimental preparation was chosen by Hodgkin and Huxley principally because the giant size of the squid’s axon made the insertion of multiple electrodes possible. However, there is another reason that the choice of the squid axon was fortuitous. It turns out that the conductances found in thi ...
... This experimental preparation was chosen by Hodgkin and Huxley principally because the giant size of the squid’s axon made the insertion of multiple electrodes possible. However, there is another reason that the choice of the squid axon was fortuitous. It turns out that the conductances found in thi ...
Neuronal activity (c-Fos) delineating interactions of the cerebral
... To determine whether cortical activity is necessary for BG activity, we injected atropine, which induces a unique dissociative behavioral state with slow-wave EEG but heightened locomotion (Irmis, 1971; Davis et al., 2011). This “sleepwalking-like” state provides a unique opportunity to investigate ...
... To determine whether cortical activity is necessary for BG activity, we injected atropine, which induces a unique dissociative behavioral state with slow-wave EEG but heightened locomotion (Irmis, 1971; Davis et al., 2011). This “sleepwalking-like” state provides a unique opportunity to investigate ...
Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of
... were used to investigate center-surround interactions in the middle temporal visual area (MT) of the owl monkey. These techniques revealed columnar groups of neurons whose receptive fields had opposite types of center-surround interaction with respect to moving visual stimuli. In one type of column, ...
... were used to investigate center-surround interactions in the middle temporal visual area (MT) of the owl monkey. These techniques revealed columnar groups of neurons whose receptive fields had opposite types of center-surround interaction with respect to moving visual stimuli. In one type of column, ...
- White Rose Research Online
... by their neurons. We developed an approach for constructing anatomically realistic networks and reconstructed the GABAergic microcircuit formed by the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) of the adult rat striatum. We grew dendrite and axon models for these neurons and ex ...
... by their neurons. We developed an approach for constructing anatomically realistic networks and reconstructed the GABAergic microcircuit formed by the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) of the adult rat striatum. We grew dendrite and axon models for these neurons and ex ...
Synapse formation in developing neural circuits.
... which consists of only 302 neurons, the number of neurotransmitters and receptors required for the proper functioning of its 5000 synapses approaches in complexity those used by the hundreds of trillions of synapses in the vertebrate nervous system (Rand and Nonet, 1997). This suggests that through ...
... which consists of only 302 neurons, the number of neurotransmitters and receptors required for the proper functioning of its 5000 synapses approaches in complexity those used by the hundreds of trillions of synapses in the vertebrate nervous system (Rand and Nonet, 1997). This suggests that through ...
Cuneiform Neurons Activated during
... AR), 5-HT (dilution 1:10000; Incstar), GAD (dilution 1:6000; Chemicon), or NOS (dilution: 1:500; neuronal isoform; Accurate Chemicals, Westbury, N Y). After rinsing in PBST, the tissue was incubated for 90 min in their respective secondary antibody at a dilution of 1:300 for ChAT and TH, 1:1000 for ...
... AR), 5-HT (dilution 1:10000; Incstar), GAD (dilution 1:6000; Chemicon), or NOS (dilution: 1:500; neuronal isoform; Accurate Chemicals, Westbury, N Y). After rinsing in PBST, the tissue was incubated for 90 min in their respective secondary antibody at a dilution of 1:300 for ChAT and TH, 1:1000 for ...
Synaptic Integration of Olfactory Information in Mouse Anterior
... synchrony with the breathing rhythm (⬃2–3 Hz) during some time periods. The membrane potential response of a typical AON cell to injected current pulses is shown in Figure 1 A. Subsequent intracellular staining with neurobiotin and post hoc visualization revealed that all (n ⫽ 32) of the AON neurons ...
... synchrony with the breathing rhythm (⬃2–3 Hz) during some time periods. The membrane potential response of a typical AON cell to injected current pulses is shown in Figure 1 A. Subsequent intracellular staining with neurobiotin and post hoc visualization revealed that all (n ⫽ 32) of the AON neurons ...
Diversity of reporter expression patterns in transgenic mouse lines
... thus rendered amenable to electrophysiology and/or optogenetic or chemical/ genetic manipulations (eg, designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs, DREADD). Collectively, these approaches have confirmed and extended information about the localization, nature and connectivity of CRH-ex ...
... thus rendered amenable to electrophysiology and/or optogenetic or chemical/ genetic manipulations (eg, designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs, DREADD). Collectively, these approaches have confirmed and extended information about the localization, nature and connectivity of CRH-ex ...
Nucleus Basalis and Thalamic Control of Neocortical Activity in the
... mechanismsof the central nervous system was set forth by Moruzzi and Magoun (1949)with the formulation of the concept of the ascendingreticular activating system to the neocortex. They hypothesized the existence of a nonspecific excitatory, energizingsystemthat provided for the neocortex a “readines ...
... mechanismsof the central nervous system was set forth by Moruzzi and Magoun (1949)with the formulation of the concept of the ascendingreticular activating system to the neocortex. They hypothesized the existence of a nonspecific excitatory, energizingsystemthat provided for the neocortex a “readines ...
Nerve Cell Communication - URMC
... Place the pink impulse card on the neuron and move it along the axon to the terminal branches. When the impulse reaches the terminal branches, the receiving neuron becomes a sending neuron that releases its neurotransmitters to send messages to other neurons. 13. Which part of a neuron receives ...
... Place the pink impulse card on the neuron and move it along the axon to the terminal branches. When the impulse reaches the terminal branches, the receiving neuron becomes a sending neuron that releases its neurotransmitters to send messages to other neurons. 13. Which part of a neuron receives ...
Nerve Cell Communication - URMC
... Place the pink impulse card on the neuron and move it along the axon to the terminal branches. When the impulse reaches the terminal branches, the receiving neuron becomes a sending neuron that releases its neurotransmitters to send messages to other neurons. 13. Which part of a neuron receives ...
... Place the pink impulse card on the neuron and move it along the axon to the terminal branches. When the impulse reaches the terminal branches, the receiving neuron becomes a sending neuron that releases its neurotransmitters to send messages to other neurons. 13. Which part of a neuron receives ...
Short-Lasting Classical Conditioning Induces
... mechanoreceptors is enlarged in thalamorecipient layers. This change is transient, no longer observable 5 d after the end of training. In naive mice, 2DG labeling in the barrel cortex obtained with this type of stimulation overlays the appropriate barrels in layer IV of SI cortex and extends beyond ...
... mechanoreceptors is enlarged in thalamorecipient layers. This change is transient, no longer observable 5 d after the end of training. In naive mice, 2DG labeling in the barrel cortex obtained with this type of stimulation overlays the appropriate barrels in layer IV of SI cortex and extends beyond ...
Background Paper 3 - Yale School of Medicine
... Other electrophysiological and pharmacological studies of area 46 in aged rhesus monkeys have also highlighted the possible interaction between channels bound to dendrites and spines, including thin spines, as a key factor in the maintenance of youthful cognitive performance. Neurons that fire prefe ...
... Other electrophysiological and pharmacological studies of area 46 in aged rhesus monkeys have also highlighted the possible interaction between channels bound to dendrites and spines, including thin spines, as a key factor in the maintenance of youthful cognitive performance. Neurons that fire prefe ...
An Integrate-and-fire Model of Prefrontal Cortex Neuronal Activity during Performance of Goal-directed
... the fall of the synaptic response), but during retrieval go is inhibited by an interneuron network that is driven by a. A spike in a during encoding also provides subthreshold depolarization to all neurons of a population labeled gi (with a fixed conductance of 1.0 nS and time constants 12 ms for the ...
... the fall of the synaptic response), but during retrieval go is inhibited by an interneuron network that is driven by a. A spike in a during encoding also provides subthreshold depolarization to all neurons of a population labeled gi (with a fixed conductance of 1.0 nS and time constants 12 ms for the ...
Focal local field potential (LFP) signature of the single
... to investigate neural network activity. To probe monosynaptic thalamic activation of cortical postsynaptic target cells, so called spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) signatures have been measured. In these experiments the cortical LFP is measured by means of multielectrodes covering several cortical ...
... to investigate neural network activity. To probe monosynaptic thalamic activation of cortical postsynaptic target cells, so called spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) signatures have been measured. In these experiments the cortical LFP is measured by means of multielectrodes covering several cortical ...
Focal local field potential (LFP) signature of the single
... to investigate neural network activity. To probe monosynaptic thalamic activation of cortical postsynaptic target cells, so called spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) signatures have been measured. In these experiments the cortical LFP is measured by means of multielectrodes covering several cortical ...
... to investigate neural network activity. To probe monosynaptic thalamic activation of cortical postsynaptic target cells, so called spike-trigger-averaged LFP (stLFP) signatures have been measured. In these experiments the cortical LFP is measured by means of multielectrodes covering several cortical ...
Inhibitory interneurons in a cortical column form hot zones of
... based on extrapolations from volume densities and column geometry, such absolute numbers are very sensitive to tissue shrinkage (attributable to fixative-mediated dehydration) and the precise definition of column borders. Using two-photon laser scanning microscopy, we measured the density of neurons i ...
... based on extrapolations from volume densities and column geometry, such absolute numbers are very sensitive to tissue shrinkage (attributable to fixative-mediated dehydration) and the precise definition of column borders. Using two-photon laser scanning microscopy, we measured the density of neurons i ...
CNS Distribution of Members of the Two-Pore
... Two-pore-domain potassium (K ⫹) channels are substrates for resting K ⫹ currents in neurons. They are major targets for endogenous modulators, as well as for clinically important compounds such as volatile anesthetics. In the current study, we report on the CNS distribution in the rat and mouse of m ...
... Two-pore-domain potassium (K ⫹) channels are substrates for resting K ⫹ currents in neurons. They are major targets for endogenous modulators, as well as for clinically important compounds such as volatile anesthetics. In the current study, we report on the CNS distribution in the rat and mouse of m ...
Webb et al 2002 - User Web Areas at the University of York
... (at 60 mm) with a freezing microtome; sections were mounted and stained with cresyl violet. Microlesions (5 mA for 5 s electrode negative) were made at different depths on each penetration. These, and the sequence of changes in ocular dominance, were used to reconstruct each electrode track and assi ...
... (at 60 mm) with a freezing microtome; sections were mounted and stained with cresyl violet. Microlesions (5 mA for 5 s electrode negative) were made at different depths on each penetration. These, and the sequence of changes in ocular dominance, were used to reconstruct each electrode track and assi ...
Mirror Neurons in a New World Monkey, Common Marmoset
... using a retinoscope was used to focus the eye contralateral to the recorded hemisphere at a distance of 57 cm. After craniotomy and duratomy, electrodes were inserted with reference to two sulcal landmarks, STS and the lateral fissure. A micromanipulator lowered a linear array 32-channel multicontac ...
... using a retinoscope was used to focus the eye contralateral to the recorded hemisphere at a distance of 57 cm. After craniotomy and duratomy, electrodes were inserted with reference to two sulcal landmarks, STS and the lateral fissure. A micromanipulator lowered a linear array 32-channel multicontac ...
Early Neuronal Loss and Axonal/Presynaptic Damage is Associated
... and hippocampal–subcortical communication might be significant for the memory impairment seen in patients. In AD models, tremendous attention has been focused on hippocampal (CA fields and dentate gyrus) pathology, however very few studies comment specifically on subiculum neurodegeneration so far [ ...
... and hippocampal–subcortical communication might be significant for the memory impairment seen in patients. In AD models, tremendous attention has been focused on hippocampal (CA fields and dentate gyrus) pathology, however very few studies comment specifically on subiculum neurodegeneration so far [ ...
Olfactory maps, circuits and computations
... that odor identity can be encoded through spatial patterns of glomerular activity within the bulb [18,36–38]. Although local circuits within the olfactory bulb likely modify these patterns via lateral interactions between glomeruli [14], the stereotyped nature of OSN axon projections into the bulb i ...
... that odor identity can be encoded through spatial patterns of glomerular activity within the bulb [18,36–38]. Although local circuits within the olfactory bulb likely modify these patterns via lateral interactions between glomeruli [14], the stereotyped nature of OSN axon projections into the bulb i ...
INTRINSIC CONNECTIONS AND CYTOARCHITECTONIC DATA OF
... and distinctness of the particular cortical layers, as well as in the neuronal arrangement within these layers (5, 6, 12,' 47, 50). Some of the cytoarchitectonic differences in the prefrontal region refer also to the structure of layer IV. 1; primates the presence of well-defined granular layer IV i ...
... and distinctness of the particular cortical layers, as well as in the neuronal arrangement within these layers (5, 6, 12,' 47, 50). Some of the cytoarchitectonic differences in the prefrontal region refer also to the structure of layer IV. 1; primates the presence of well-defined granular layer IV i ...
State-dependent and cell type-specific temporal processing in
... cortical states shape sensory processing across cortical laminae and what type of response properties emerge in the cortex. Recording neural activity from the auditory cortex (AC) and medial geniculate body (MGB) simultaneously with electrical stimulations of the basal forebrain (BF) in urethaneanes ...
... cortical states shape sensory processing across cortical laminae and what type of response properties emerge in the cortex. Recording neural activity from the auditory cortex (AC) and medial geniculate body (MGB) simultaneously with electrical stimulations of the basal forebrain (BF) in urethaneanes ...
the distribution of the cells of origin of callosal projections in cat
... callosum to the adjacent cingulate gyri. This diffusion of HRP was sufficient to produce retrograde filling of neurons in the thalamus. In the animals used in this report, the thalamic label included a primary focus of HRP-filled neurons within the anterior nuclear group with additional light label ...
... callosum to the adjacent cingulate gyri. This diffusion of HRP was sufficient to produce retrograde filling of neurons in the thalamus. In the animals used in this report, the thalamic label included a primary focus of HRP-filled neurons within the anterior nuclear group with additional light label ...