cortical input to the basal forebrain
... extended basal forebrain areas, particularly in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band and the region ventral to it. Terminals were also found to a lesser extent in the ventral part of the substantia innominata and in ventral pallidal areas adjoining ventral striatal territories. Similarly, labele ...
... extended basal forebrain areas, particularly in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band and the region ventral to it. Terminals were also found to a lesser extent in the ventral part of the substantia innominata and in ventral pallidal areas adjoining ventral striatal territories. Similarly, labele ...
Columnar Organization of Dendrites and Axons of Single and
... 1984; Benshalom and White, 1986), their main target cells are excitatory spiny neurons in layer 4. Most of these neurons resemble spiny stellate cells, whereas a smaller fraction has been described as star pyramidal cells (Lund, 1984; Ahmed et al., 1994; Hirsch, 1995). Thus, these neurons are the fi ...
... 1984; Benshalom and White, 1986), their main target cells are excitatory spiny neurons in layer 4. Most of these neurons resemble spiny stellate cells, whereas a smaller fraction has been described as star pyramidal cells (Lund, 1984; Ahmed et al., 1994; Hirsch, 1995). Thus, these neurons are the fi ...
Action recognition in the premotor cortex
... The visual stimuli most effective in triggering mirror neurons were actions in which the experimenter's hand or mouth interacted with objects. The responses evoked by these stimuli were highly consistent and did not habituate. The presentation of common visual objects, including interesting stimuli ...
... The visual stimuli most effective in triggering mirror neurons were actions in which the experimenter's hand or mouth interacted with objects. The responses evoked by these stimuli were highly consistent and did not habituate. The presentation of common visual objects, including interesting stimuli ...
Hold your horses: A dynamic computational role
... 2005b). In brief, the premotor cortex represents and “considers” two possible responses (R1 and R2) for each input stimulus. The BG system modulates which one of these responses is facilitated and which is suppressed by signaling Go or NoGo to each of the responses. The four columns of units in the ...
... 2005b). In brief, the premotor cortex represents and “considers” two possible responses (R1 and R2) for each input stimulus. The BG system modulates which one of these responses is facilitated and which is suppressed by signaling Go or NoGo to each of the responses. The four columns of units in the ...
Running head: THIS IS A SHORT (50
... by activation of the descending pain inhibitory pathways of the spinal cord, as well as activation of Gate-control mechanisms in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. (Pickar et al 2002, Melzack, R. et al, 1965) However, conflicting evidence regarding the neurophysiologic effects of HVLA and therefore ...
... by activation of the descending pain inhibitory pathways of the spinal cord, as well as activation of Gate-control mechanisms in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. (Pickar et al 2002, Melzack, R. et al, 1965) However, conflicting evidence regarding the neurophysiologic effects of HVLA and therefore ...
Specialized Elements of Orbitofrontal Cortex in Primates
... which vary among areas and give each area its unique architectonic signature. Architectonic differences can be seen in Nissl-stained sections, which show all neurons, or in tissue stained for markers that label distinct groups of pyramidal neurons or inhibitory interneurons (e.g., Ref. 3). The finge ...
... which vary among areas and give each area its unique architectonic signature. Architectonic differences can be seen in Nissl-stained sections, which show all neurons, or in tissue stained for markers that label distinct groups of pyramidal neurons or inhibitory interneurons (e.g., Ref. 3). The finge ...
19 CORTICAL PROJECTIONS FROM TWO PRESTRIATE AREAS IN
... rior bank of the superior temporal sulcus, which appears to receive projections from all these areas, regions of vertical meridian representation in area 18 project to two strips outside (anterior to) area 19 and that a third, separate, field receives a small projection (anterior part of prelunate g ...
... rior bank of the superior temporal sulcus, which appears to receive projections from all these areas, regions of vertical meridian representation in area 18 project to two strips outside (anterior to) area 19 and that a third, separate, field receives a small projection (anterior part of prelunate g ...
Prosjektoppgave - Mirror neurons_ver4.2
... that if the observation of the experimenter's actions would trigger some comparable movement in the monkey's F5 region, it should also activate the neurons in the F1 region that control them. None of the neurons showed any activity during the observation phase (3). Furthermore, because the monkey wo ...
... that if the observation of the experimenter's actions would trigger some comparable movement in the monkey's F5 region, it should also activate the neurons in the F1 region that control them. None of the neurons showed any activity during the observation phase (3). Furthermore, because the monkey wo ...
Striatal Plasticity and Basal Ganglia Circuit Function
... Malenka, 2005), which are released from MSNs and exert apparent presynaptic effects (Yin and Lovinger, 2006) that may account for some of the reported actions of dopamine on synaptic vesicle cycling (Bamford et al., 2004; Bamford et al., 2008). LTD at Excitatory Synapses on MSNs High-frequency stimu ...
... Malenka, 2005), which are released from MSNs and exert apparent presynaptic effects (Yin and Lovinger, 2006) that may account for some of the reported actions of dopamine on synaptic vesicle cycling (Bamford et al., 2004; Bamford et al., 2008). LTD at Excitatory Synapses on MSNs High-frequency stimu ...
Receptors in lateral hypothalamic area involved in - AJP
... and the cobaltous chloride experiments (11), inhibition of the response was rarely complete. This suggests that the connections between IC autonomic efferents and LHA neurons may be relatively diffusely distributed within this region. This postulation is supported by the anterograde labeling of IC a ...
... and the cobaltous chloride experiments (11), inhibition of the response was rarely complete. This suggests that the connections between IC autonomic efferents and LHA neurons may be relatively diffusely distributed within this region. This postulation is supported by the anterograde labeling of IC a ...
Magnitude of the Object Recognition Deficit
... corresponds to the total time (in seconds) exploring the novel object minus the total time exploring the familiar object (i.e., the sample object). The discrimination ratio, D2 (Ennaceur & Delacour, 1988) is the difference in time spent exploring the novel and familiar objects divided by the total t ...
... corresponds to the total time (in seconds) exploring the novel object minus the total time exploring the familiar object (i.e., the sample object). The discrimination ratio, D2 (Ennaceur & Delacour, 1988) is the difference in time spent exploring the novel and familiar objects divided by the total t ...
Genetic Ablation of Orexin Neurons in Mice Results in Narcolepsy
... antiserum to assess transgene expression. We observed a common expression pattern of specific myclike immunoreactivity in the hypothalamic orexin-containing neurons in all lines (Figure 1B). These neurons contained anti-myc positive nuclear aggregates (Figure 1B, right panels). No ectopic expression ...
... antiserum to assess transgene expression. We observed a common expression pattern of specific myclike immunoreactivity in the hypothalamic orexin-containing neurons in all lines (Figure 1B). These neurons contained anti-myc positive nuclear aggregates (Figure 1B, right panels). No ectopic expression ...
Enlargement of Axo-Somatic Contacts Formed by
... Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA Address correspondence to Chiye Aoki, Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA. Email: [email protected] ...
... Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA Address correspondence to Chiye Aoki, Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA. Email: [email protected] ...
Optogenetic drive of neocortical pyramidal neurons generates fMRI
... reliable main effect of stimulation frequency in a two-way ANOVA of Frequency × Regime (FBOLD(4790) = 7.64, P< 0.001) and a main effect of stimulation regime (FBOLD(1790)=6.56, P=0.01). The SUA responses demonstrated a pattern similar to the BOLD response, showing a gradual increase in firing rate a ...
... reliable main effect of stimulation frequency in a two-way ANOVA of Frequency × Regime (FBOLD(4790) = 7.64, P< 0.001) and a main effect of stimulation regime (FBOLD(1790)=6.56, P=0.01). The SUA responses demonstrated a pattern similar to the BOLD response, showing a gradual increase in firing rate a ...
The occipitoparietal pathway of the macaque monkey: comparison
... revealed by injecting neurons with Lucifer Yellow in fixed, flattened slices of macaque monkey visual cortex. These areas correspond to different levels of the occipitoparietal cortical ‘stream’, which processes information related to motion and spatial relationships in the visual field. The tissue ...
... revealed by injecting neurons with Lucifer Yellow in fixed, flattened slices of macaque monkey visual cortex. These areas correspond to different levels of the occipitoparietal cortical ‘stream’, which processes information related to motion and spatial relationships in the visual field. The tissue ...
The orbitofrontal cortex: Neuronal activity in the behaving monkey
... responses related to feeding, or to the presentation of aversive objects. Various food, non-food and aversive objects were presented and brought towards the animal, and in the case of foods, fed to the animal. Measurements of the tiring rate of the neuron were taken in consecutive periods according ...
... responses related to feeding, or to the presentation of aversive objects. Various food, non-food and aversive objects were presented and brought towards the animal, and in the case of foods, fed to the animal. Measurements of the tiring rate of the neuron were taken in consecutive periods according ...
Mirror Neurons Responding to Observation of Actions Made with
... pliers. The neuron discharged when the experimenter grasped and broke a peanut, held on his hand, using a pair of pliers (A). The response occurred during both grasping and breaking phases. The same grasping and breaking actions performed by the experimenter with his hand were much less effective (B ...
... pliers. The neuron discharged when the experimenter grasped and broke a peanut, held on his hand, using a pair of pliers (A). The response occurred during both grasping and breaking phases. The same grasping and breaking actions performed by the experimenter with his hand were much less effective (B ...
CORTICAL PLASTICITY: From Synapses to Maps
... Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0732 KEY WORDS: ...
... Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0732 KEY WORDS: ...
8129402
... indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted ...
... indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted ...
Functional Specialization Within the Cat Red Nucleus
... electrical stimulation. Stimulus-triggered averaging has some practical advantages over spike-triggered averaging. One advantage is that the experimental demands are less because single units do not need to be isolated for a prolonged averaging period. A second advantage is that stimulation has a re ...
... electrical stimulation. Stimulus-triggered averaging has some practical advantages over spike-triggered averaging. One advantage is that the experimental demands are less because single units do not need to be isolated for a prolonged averaging period. A second advantage is that stimulation has a re ...
ARTICULOS PUBLICADOS EN REVISTAS ELECTRÓNICAS: TRABAJO 1:
... For consistence with previous reports (Puig et al., 2003; Amargós-Bosch et al., 2004), we give the intensity of the response as percent of pre-stimulus firing for inhibitions and as success rate for excitations (i.e., percent concordance with each stimulus delivered). inhibition of short latency and ...
... For consistence with previous reports (Puig et al., 2003; Amargós-Bosch et al., 2004), we give the intensity of the response as percent of pre-stimulus firing for inhibitions and as success rate for excitations (i.e., percent concordance with each stimulus delivered). inhibition of short latency and ...
CCNBook/Neuron
... An important feature of our journey through the brain is that we use the vehicle of computer models to understand cognitive neuroscience (i.e., Computational Cognitive Neuroscience). These computer models enrich the learning experience in important ways -- we routinely hear from our students that th ...
... An important feature of our journey through the brain is that we use the vehicle of computer models to understand cognitive neuroscience (i.e., Computational Cognitive Neuroscience). These computer models enrich the learning experience in important ways -- we routinely hear from our students that th ...
Histamine neurons in the tuberomamillary nucleus: a whole center
... of topographical organization, and bridged by scattered neurons (Ericson et al., 1987; Inagaki et al., 1988, 1990). A similar pattern of distribution has been reported in the brains of other mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates (Wada et al., 1991a). Histamine release is a sensitive indicator of str ...
... of topographical organization, and bridged by scattered neurons (Ericson et al., 1987; Inagaki et al., 1988, 1990). A similar pattern of distribution has been reported in the brains of other mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates (Wada et al., 1991a). Histamine release is a sensitive indicator of str ...
Extended PDF
... AUD, 7.3 ± 0.6, n = 15; VISal, 9.0 ± 1.0, n = 2; PTLp, 8.8 ± 0.7, n = 5; Medial, 7.6 ± 1.2, n = 10). SS, somatosensory cortex; MO, motor cortex; AUD, auditory cortex; VISal, visual cortex; PTLp, posterior parietal association areas; Medial, including anterior cingulate area, dorsal peduncular area, ...
... AUD, 7.3 ± 0.6, n = 15; VISal, 9.0 ± 1.0, n = 2; PTLp, 8.8 ± 0.7, n = 5; Medial, 7.6 ± 1.2, n = 10). SS, somatosensory cortex; MO, motor cortex; AUD, auditory cortex; VISal, visual cortex; PTLp, posterior parietal association areas; Medial, including anterior cingulate area, dorsal peduncular area, ...
Where do mirror neurons come from?
... However, the associative hypothesis currently has three advantages. First, it provides a straightforward, empirically testable explanation for the differences between monkeys and humans that have led some researchers to question the existence of a ‘mirror neuron system’. Second, it is consistent wit ...
... However, the associative hypothesis currently has three advantages. First, it provides a straightforward, empirically testable explanation for the differences between monkeys and humans that have led some researchers to question the existence of a ‘mirror neuron system’. Second, it is consistent wit ...