Principles of Neural Science - Weizmann Institute of Science
... memorized representations of the locations of objects than do sighted persons. Similarly, movements become inaccurate and posture unstable when somatic sensation is lost from the limbs and posture changes. Loss of vestibular input also impairs ability to maintain balance and orientation. Successivel ...
... memorized representations of the locations of objects than do sighted persons. Similarly, movements become inaccurate and posture unstable when somatic sensation is lost from the limbs and posture changes. Loss of vestibular input also impairs ability to maintain balance and orientation. Successivel ...
Hypergravity hinders axonal development of motor neurons
... space mission for 16 days (DeFelipe et al., 2002). Alterations in gravity could also affect the development of neuronal projections. In hypergravity conditions, 150G force induced neuron-like cell differentiation and development of longer neurites in cultured PC12 cells (Genchi et al., 2015). Moreov ...
... space mission for 16 days (DeFelipe et al., 2002). Alterations in gravity could also affect the development of neuronal projections. In hypergravity conditions, 150G force induced neuron-like cell differentiation and development of longer neurites in cultured PC12 cells (Genchi et al., 2015). Moreov ...
Subgraphs of functional brain networks identify dynamical
... tasks and track their expression alongside changes in cognitive demand is required. Such a capability would improve our understanding of which components of functional brain networks are important for different facets of cognitive control, and how these components encode shifts between cognitively d ...
... tasks and track their expression alongside changes in cognitive demand is required. Such a capability would improve our understanding of which components of functional brain networks are important for different facets of cognitive control, and how these components encode shifts between cognitively d ...
Comparison of the Distributions of lpsilaterally and Contralaterally
... demonstrated in this study reflects the high degree of specificity of cortical connectivity. This anatomical organization may be the basis for a precise channeling of differential information at the single neuron level. Each of the cat’s numerous cortical representations of the visual hemifield is i ...
... demonstrated in this study reflects the high degree of specificity of cortical connectivity. This anatomical organization may be the basis for a precise channeling of differential information at the single neuron level. Each of the cat’s numerous cortical representations of the visual hemifield is i ...
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... (rostral primary auditory subfield R), and high-to-low (rostrotemporal primary auditory subfield RT) frequencies, with a low frequency cluster at the boundary between A1 and R and a high frequency cluster between R and RT. In humans, fMRI studies consistently revealed a double frequency representati ...
... (rostral primary auditory subfield R), and high-to-low (rostrotemporal primary auditory subfield RT) frequencies, with a low frequency cluster at the boundary between A1 and R and a high frequency cluster between R and RT. In humans, fMRI studies consistently revealed a double frequency representati ...
Inhibitory control in high functioning autism: Decreased activation
... detection of acoustic deviance and novelty. Luna et al. (2002) found reduced activation in autism in posterior cingulate cortex in a spatial working memory task. Studies have also suggested that atypical preparation in motor planning tasks in autism is consistent with a disturbance of functions in t ...
... detection of acoustic deviance and novelty. Luna et al. (2002) found reduced activation in autism in posterior cingulate cortex in a spatial working memory task. Studies have also suggested that atypical preparation in motor planning tasks in autism is consistent with a disturbance of functions in t ...
Neuroanatomical correlates of the near response: voluntary
... down, cognitive-perceptual processing occurs within the accommodative system. ...
... down, cognitive-perceptual processing occurs within the accommodative system. ...
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... zone et al. 1992a,b). In all of these cases, experience-dependent plasticity is specific to the stimuli that were attended to during behavior and passive exposure does not cause enduring changes in neuronal responses (Recanzone et al. 1993; Weinberger 1998; Weinberger and Bakin 1998). These results ...
... zone et al. 1992a,b). In all of these cases, experience-dependent plasticity is specific to the stimuli that were attended to during behavior and passive exposure does not cause enduring changes in neuronal responses (Recanzone et al. 1993; Weinberger 1998; Weinberger and Bakin 1998). These results ...
Eye fields in the frontal lobes of primates
... cortex in eye-movement control was Hitzig w106x. Studying patients unable to move their eyes voluntarily, Hitzig found that he could induce eye movements by delivering pulses of direct current through electrodes attached to the skull. Hitzig believed that the eye movements produced were due to excit ...
... cortex in eye-movement control was Hitzig w106x. Studying patients unable to move their eyes voluntarily, Hitzig found that he could induce eye movements by delivering pulses of direct current through electrodes attached to the skull. Hitzig believed that the eye movements produced were due to excit ...
Cardiovascular depressor responses to stimulation of substantia
... the observed cardiovascular responses during Glu injections were due to the vehicle or mechanical stimulation of the neuronal tissue. In addition, in two animals the cardiovascular-responsive region of the SN and VTA was explored for cardiovascular responses elicited by the microinjection of the veh ...
... the observed cardiovascular responses during Glu injections were due to the vehicle or mechanical stimulation of the neuronal tissue. In addition, in two animals the cardiovascular-responsive region of the SN and VTA was explored for cardiovascular responses elicited by the microinjection of the veh ...
A thalamic reticular networking model of consciousness
... Hz), simulating background activity, but showed shortterm depression in such amplitudes at gamma frequencies (more than 30 Hz), simulating sensory transmission [55]. The same study also found that intra-TRN inhibition suppresses TRN tonic-spike selectively at non-gamma stimulus frequencies, which ar ...
... Hz), simulating background activity, but showed shortterm depression in such amplitudes at gamma frequencies (more than 30 Hz), simulating sensory transmission [55]. The same study also found that intra-TRN inhibition suppresses TRN tonic-spike selectively at non-gamma stimulus frequencies, which ar ...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the development of epilepsy
... BDNF signaling promoted and decreased BDNF signaling reduced the development of epilepsy. Moreover, reduced BDNF signaling showed a disease-modifying role, alleviating the severity of epilepsy. BDNF signaling also increased its own synthesis during status epilepticus, and affected the expression of ...
... BDNF signaling promoted and decreased BDNF signaling reduced the development of epilepsy. Moreover, reduced BDNF signaling showed a disease-modifying role, alleviating the severity of epilepsy. BDNF signaling also increased its own synthesis during status epilepticus, and affected the expression of ...
Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus–external
... from the GPe and acts at GABAA receptors. In vitro patch recordings of STN neurons, using the perforated configuration to maintain the natural intracellular concentration of Cl− (the principal permeant ion of the GABAA receptor), have revealed that the equilibrium potential of GABAA receptormediated ...
... from the GPe and acts at GABAA receptors. In vitro patch recordings of STN neurons, using the perforated configuration to maintain the natural intracellular concentration of Cl− (the principal permeant ion of the GABAA receptor), have revealed that the equilibrium potential of GABAA receptormediated ...
PDF - Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
... (11), and hyperbaric oxygen (12) treatment can significantly promote functional recovery from SCIinduced motor dysfunction in rats, and this neuroprotective effect may be related to the upregulation of GDNF. SCI treatments with GDNF and Schwann cells have been widely reported，and have concluded that ...
... (11), and hyperbaric oxygen (12) treatment can significantly promote functional recovery from SCIinduced motor dysfunction in rats, and this neuroprotective effect may be related to the upregulation of GDNF. SCI treatments with GDNF and Schwann cells have been widely reported，and have concluded that ...
Viral restoration of dopamine signaling to the dorsal striatum
... receptacle. During the pretraining, DD mice (n=10) were treated with L-dopa (25 mg/kg, 30 min prior to test) and exposed to the operant chambers for seven daily training sessions. At the start of each experimental session, the fan was turned on and animals were placed into the testing chamber. When ...
... receptacle. During the pretraining, DD mice (n=10) were treated with L-dopa (25 mg/kg, 30 min prior to test) and exposed to the operant chambers for seven daily training sessions. At the start of each experimental session, the fan was turned on and animals were placed into the testing chamber. When ...
Passive Properties of Swimmeret Motor Neurons
... When crustaceans swim forward by beating their swimmerets, each limb moves rhythmically through cycles of power strokes and return strokes that propel the animal forward. These movements are produced by alternating contractions of power-stroke (PS) and return-stroke (RS) muscles that are innervated ...
... When crustaceans swim forward by beating their swimmerets, each limb moves rhythmically through cycles of power strokes and return strokes that propel the animal forward. These movements are produced by alternating contractions of power-stroke (PS) and return-stroke (RS) muscles that are innervated ...
Analysis of Connectivity in the Cat Cerebral Cortex
... of the efferent projections of area 5 do not have this level of resolution. If, for example, an area was known to project only to 5bl but reported, in another study, to receive projections from “area 5,” then it was assumed that these originated from 5bl. (4) We assumed the least necessary number of ...
... of the efferent projections of area 5 do not have this level of resolution. If, for example, an area was known to project only to 5bl but reported, in another study, to receive projections from “area 5,” then it was assumed that these originated from 5bl. (4) We assumed the least necessary number of ...
BMC Neuroscience
... The primate cerebral cortex constitutes a vast communication network of ipsilateral and contralateral corticocortical connections. Although fewer in number, contralateral projection neurons, which course through the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure, have elaborate dendritic trees [1], and ...
... The primate cerebral cortex constitutes a vast communication network of ipsilateral and contralateral corticocortical connections. Although fewer in number, contralateral projection neurons, which course through the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure, have elaborate dendritic trees [1], and ...
Morphological Analysis of Dendritic Spine Development in Primary
... To characterize more fully the plastic changesthat spinesundergo in culture upon exposure to various plasticity-producing stimuli, we first choseto examine the morphology of spinesin the processof development or maturation, processesduring which similar changesare expectedto take place. We have deve ...
... To characterize more fully the plastic changesthat spinesundergo in culture upon exposure to various plasticity-producing stimuli, we first choseto examine the morphology of spinesin the processof development or maturation, processesduring which similar changesare expectedto take place. We have deve ...
Vesicular glutamate transporter 3
... (Table 1). All antibodies have been characterized previously. Anti-serotonin serum was developed in rabbit using serotonin creatinine sulfate complex conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the immunogen. The antibody stains serotonin-containing cells and fibers in the rat brain. This staining is ...
... (Table 1). All antibodies have been characterized previously. Anti-serotonin serum was developed in rabbit using serotonin creatinine sulfate complex conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the immunogen. The antibody stains serotonin-containing cells and fibers in the rat brain. This staining is ...
The Effects of Short-term and Long-term Learning on the Responses
... The monkeys were trained on three tasks, run consecutively in each session (Figure 2). The first two tasks were mainly used for stimulus and unit selection. We will briefly report some results from these tasks, but our focus here will be on the main task, an active shape–saccade association task (se ...
... The monkeys were trained on three tasks, run consecutively in each session (Figure 2). The first two tasks were mainly used for stimulus and unit selection. We will briefly report some results from these tasks, but our focus here will be on the main task, an active shape–saccade association task (se ...
Article 5 - Graduate Program in Neuroscience | UBC
... (execution or withholding of movement) and predicting the type of reinforcer (liquid or sound). Each trial contained two delay periods, namely the instruction–trigger delay, during which the animal remembered the type of instruction and prepared for the behavioral reaction (delay 1 in Fig. 1), and t ...
... (execution or withholding of movement) and predicting the type of reinforcer (liquid or sound). Each trial contained two delay periods, namely the instruction–trigger delay, during which the animal remembered the type of instruction and prepared for the behavioral reaction (delay 1 in Fig. 1), and t ...
Coordinated Optimization of Visual Cortical Maps
... principles persist when taking the backreaction into account or when considering map formation further from the pattern formation threshold? Besides the influence of the backreaction, the full dynamical system receives additional corrections. There are higher order corrections to the uncoupled ampli ...
... principles persist when taking the backreaction into account or when considering map formation further from the pattern formation threshold? Besides the influence of the backreaction, the full dynamical system receives additional corrections. There are higher order corrections to the uncoupled ampli ...
Andrea Kádár
... relatively slow process. In contrast, the tanycyte end feet processes and the terminals of the TRH neurons are closely associated in the external zone of the ME. Therefore, we hypothesized that T3 produced by tanycytes may be taken up by axon terminals of these neurosecretory neurons in the ME and ...
... relatively slow process. In contrast, the tanycyte end feet processes and the terminals of the TRH neurons are closely associated in the external zone of the ME. Therefore, we hypothesized that T3 produced by tanycytes may be taken up by axon terminals of these neurosecretory neurons in the ME and ...
Plasticity-related genes in brain development and amygdala
... memory (Kandel & O’Dell 1992). Throughout life, neural plasticity is necessary to provide adaptive and enduring refinement of the brain and behavior. Brain structure and function must be permanently altered in the face of developmental cues, and comparable long-term alterations are thought to be the ...
... memory (Kandel & O’Dell 1992). Throughout life, neural plasticity is necessary to provide adaptive and enduring refinement of the brain and behavior. Brain structure and function must be permanently altered in the face of developmental cues, and comparable long-term alterations are thought to be the ...