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... and spectrum of arrhythmias change with age. As a consequence, treating arrhythmias in children has its unique challenges. While abnormal heart rates in children are often not a cause of concern, children with an abnormal heart rhythm, including consideration of the child’s age, age of onset of arrh ...
... and spectrum of arrhythmias change with age. As a consequence, treating arrhythmias in children has its unique challenges. While abnormal heart rates in children are often not a cause of concern, children with an abnormal heart rhythm, including consideration of the child’s age, age of onset of arrh ...
Atrial Fibrillation After Lung Transplantation
... The mean age (±SD) of the population was 55 ± 11 years and 52% were male. A total of 48 patients (28%) developed AF in the postoperative period. Predictors of postoperative AF in multivariate analysis included: age (per decade) Odds Ratio (OR): 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.34, p=0.01, p ...
... The mean age (±SD) of the population was 55 ± 11 years and 52% were male. A total of 48 patients (28%) developed AF in the postoperative period. Predictors of postoperative AF in multivariate analysis included: age (per decade) Odds Ratio (OR): 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.34, p=0.01, p ...
Stress-dependent cardiac remodeling occurs in the absence of
... The heart responds to injury and hemodynamic overload by promoting myocyte hypertrophy, reexpressing a fetal gene program, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (1). MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which cause translational inhibition or degradation of specific mRNAs, play critical roles in tissue respons ...
... The heart responds to injury and hemodynamic overload by promoting myocyte hypertrophy, reexpressing a fetal gene program, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (1). MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which cause translational inhibition or degradation of specific mRNAs, play critical roles in tissue respons ...
P wave
... > Less than one small square in width & depth . > In lead III it may be large & physiologic , if it is only in this leads . > It is size is affected with respiration, especially in inferior leads ...
... > Less than one small square in width & depth . > In lead III it may be large & physiologic , if it is only in this leads . > It is size is affected with respiration, especially in inferior leads ...
STATE OF ART ON TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE
... this complication occurred in 16.0% of cases with the valve self-expandable vs 9.1% of the latest balloon-expandable valve (p = 0.005). O'Sullivan metaanalysis has confirmed this fact: of 5910 patients: 15.75% with CoreValve, vs. 3.93% with Sapien(39). The latest generation of TAVI device Research a ...
... this complication occurred in 16.0% of cases with the valve self-expandable vs 9.1% of the latest balloon-expandable valve (p = 0.005). O'Sullivan metaanalysis has confirmed this fact: of 5910 patients: 15.75% with CoreValve, vs. 3.93% with Sapien(39). The latest generation of TAVI device Research a ...
Basal Pulmonary Vascular Resistance and Nitric Oxide
... the mechanism, our findings suggest that some patients may benefit from treatment to enhance or replace pulmonary NO production or release. There are no specific data regarding such agents, but it is known that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (known to increase NO effects and decrease oxida ...
... the mechanism, our findings suggest that some patients may benefit from treatment to enhance or replace pulmonary NO production or release. There are no specific data regarding such agents, but it is known that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (known to increase NO effects and decrease oxida ...
ventricular weight in cardiac hypertrophy - Heart
... in such cases before right heart failure occurs. Total Ventricular Weight as a guide to Hypertrophy. From the results of this investigation, a total ventricular weight of over 250 g. may be taken as evidence of cardiac hypertrophy. If left ventricular hypertrophy is suspected, this criterion alone i ...
... in such cases before right heart failure occurs. Total Ventricular Weight as a guide to Hypertrophy. From the results of this investigation, a total ventricular weight of over 250 g. may be taken as evidence of cardiac hypertrophy. If left ventricular hypertrophy is suspected, this criterion alone i ...
Chapter 78 - Acute Coronary Syndrome
... angina is diagnosed when a previously known angina becomes more frequent, longer in duration, or increased by one class within the previous 2 months of at least class III severity. Symptoms that last longer than 20 minutes despite cessation of activity are consistent with angina at rest and reflect ...
... angina is diagnosed when a previously known angina becomes more frequent, longer in duration, or increased by one class within the previous 2 months of at least class III severity. Symptoms that last longer than 20 minutes despite cessation of activity are consistent with angina at rest and reflect ...
Repolarization Changes Underlying Long
... arrhythmias or ventricular ablations. At baseline, the subjects required minimal ventricular pacing (3.2±1.3%). However, 1 subject (subject 8) exhibited an unexpected 20% ventricular pacing at the first study-related visit and was excluded from further analysis. Interestingly, we noted that this sub ...
... arrhythmias or ventricular ablations. At baseline, the subjects required minimal ventricular pacing (3.2±1.3%). However, 1 subject (subject 8) exhibited an unexpected 20% ventricular pacing at the first study-related visit and was excluded from further analysis. Interestingly, we noted that this sub ...
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... been described and might be encountered in the hospital. Often continuous ECG recordings are obtained while the patient is in the hospital to allow for rapid identification of cardiac problems. In this case, the 10 electrodes required for the standard ECG (4 on the limbs and 6 on the anterior chest) ...
... been described and might be encountered in the hospital. Often continuous ECG recordings are obtained while the patient is in the hospital to allow for rapid identification of cardiac problems. In this case, the 10 electrodes required for the standard ECG (4 on the limbs and 6 on the anterior chest) ...
Valsotens 80mg, 160mg
... In patients with heart failure, the triple combination of an ACE inhibitor, a beta blocker and valsartan has not shown any clinical benefit (see section 5.1). This combination apparently increases the risk for adverse events and is therefore not recommended. Caution should be observed when initiatin ...
... In patients with heart failure, the triple combination of an ACE inhibitor, a beta blocker and valsartan has not shown any clinical benefit (see section 5.1). This combination apparently increases the risk for adverse events and is therefore not recommended. Caution should be observed when initiatin ...
Nonsurgical pulmonary valve replacement: Why, when, and how?
... has not yet been determined. The conventional indications of surgery for pulmonary regurgitation have been onset of symptoms, effort intolerance, arrhythmias, progressive dilatation of right ventricle, worsening right ventricular function, or associated lesions that exacerbate pressure or volume ove ...
... has not yet been determined. The conventional indications of surgery for pulmonary regurgitation have been onset of symptoms, effort intolerance, arrhythmias, progressive dilatation of right ventricle, worsening right ventricular function, or associated lesions that exacerbate pressure or volume ove ...
Special Report: Cost-Effectiveness of Left
... like to thank Alan Garber, M.D., Ph.D., and Gillian Sanders, Ph.D., for their contributions to the research and development of this Special Report. Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association Medical Advisory Panel Allan M. Korn, M.D., F.A.C.P.—Chairman, Senior Vice President, Clinical Affairs/Medical Di ...
... like to thank Alan Garber, M.D., Ph.D., and Gillian Sanders, Ph.D., for their contributions to the research and development of this Special Report. Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association Medical Advisory Panel Allan M. Korn, M.D., F.A.C.P.—Chairman, Senior Vice President, Clinical Affairs/Medical Di ...
Care of the Patient with Temporary Pacemaker
... or absence of atrial and ventricular pacing spikes vs. intrinsic beats. o At least every 1- 4 hours depending on patient stability, phase of recovery i.e. fresh post- operative or rehabilitation, and hospital guidelines, the following checks should be performed and documented: Vital signs. The pac ...
... or absence of atrial and ventricular pacing spikes vs. intrinsic beats. o At least every 1- 4 hours depending on patient stability, phase of recovery i.e. fresh post- operative or rehabilitation, and hospital guidelines, the following checks should be performed and documented: Vital signs. The pac ...
Despite the many decades of intensive research, left ventricular
... Our results are partly contradictory to data obtained by Pereira and Mandarim-deLacerda (2003). In the spontanously hypertensive rats (SHR) they demonstrated that although spironolactone reduced blood pressure, improved capillarisation of myocardial tissue and using high dose reduced fibrosis in the ...
... Our results are partly contradictory to data obtained by Pereira and Mandarim-deLacerda (2003). In the spontanously hypertensive rats (SHR) they demonstrated that although spironolactone reduced blood pressure, improved capillarisation of myocardial tissue and using high dose reduced fibrosis in the ...
Should All Patients With Heart Block Receive Biventricular Pacing?
... left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and even heart failure (HF) particularly if ventricular pacing is frequent.1 New onset HF has been observed in approximately one third of patients receiving RV pacing for acquired second- or thirddegree atrioventricular block (AVB) after a median follow-up of nearly ...
... left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and even heart failure (HF) particularly if ventricular pacing is frequent.1 New onset HF has been observed in approximately one third of patients receiving RV pacing for acquired second- or thirddegree atrioventricular block (AVB) after a median follow-up of nearly ...
Congenital Heart Disease Linked to Maternal Autoimmunity
... immunization protocol. All animals were treated according to institutional guidelines and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee–approved protocols. Female rats were immunized with either rat cardiac CM (n = 8) or saline (controls; n = 5). A schematic of the immunization protocol is shown in Su ...
... immunization protocol. All animals were treated according to institutional guidelines and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee–approved protocols. Female rats were immunized with either rat cardiac CM (n = 8) or saline (controls; n = 5). A schematic of the immunization protocol is shown in Su ...
PDF - Circulation
... T he age-associated decline in cardiovascular performance is more apparent during stress than at rest. The hallmarks of cardiovascular aging are a reduced maximal heart rate, ejection fraction, and, in most studies, cardiac output with exercise stress.1-6 ,B-Adrenergic pathways are a primary means o ...
... T he age-associated decline in cardiovascular performance is more apparent during stress than at rest. The hallmarks of cardiovascular aging are a reduced maximal heart rate, ejection fraction, and, in most studies, cardiac output with exercise stress.1-6 ,B-Adrenergic pathways are a primary means o ...
Heart Rate Monitor and Electrocardiograph Fundamentals
... from the heart generates a common-mode voltage and noise in the system. The signals from the heart are too small and it is necessary to amplify the signal and reduce the common-mode voltage on the system. Other aspects that generate noise are muscle contractions, respiration, electromagnetic interfe ...
... from the heart generates a common-mode voltage and noise in the system. The signals from the heart are too small and it is necessary to amplify the signal and reduce the common-mode voltage on the system. Other aspects that generate noise are muscle contractions, respiration, electromagnetic interfe ...
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor prevents left
... ccumulating evidence supports the proposal that angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blockers (ARBs) have nearly the same beneficial effects as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on cardiac hypertrophy, remodelling, and heart failure.1–3 However, the pharmacological profiles of ARBs and ...
... ccumulating evidence supports the proposal that angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blockers (ARBs) have nearly the same beneficial effects as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on cardiac hypertrophy, remodelling, and heart failure.1–3 However, the pharmacological profiles of ARBs and ...
cardioprotective interaction of cucumis melo with enalapril in
... with smooth skins. The creamy flesh can be consumed chilled or as fruit juice. With scientific advancements the melon growers have introduced many hybrids which are much tastier. Melons make a good combination for custards and fruit salads. Musk Melon juice is beneficial to be consumed during condit ...
... with smooth skins. The creamy flesh can be consumed chilled or as fruit juice. With scientific advancements the melon growers have introduced many hybrids which are much tastier. Melons make a good combination for custards and fruit salads. Musk Melon juice is beneficial to be consumed during condit ...
the mitral valve in endocardial cushion defects - Heart
... the septum) may render the cusp more mobile, but may also interfere with its stability and make it impossible to overcome the incompetence. Add the fact that the cleft is more often a wedgeshaped deficiency of tissue (Fig. 5), and the surgical difficulties can be appreciated. Success in correcting t ...
... the septum) may render the cusp more mobile, but may also interfere with its stability and make it impossible to overcome the incompetence. Add the fact that the cleft is more often a wedgeshaped deficiency of tissue (Fig. 5), and the surgical difficulties can be appreciated. Success in correcting t ...
Cardiac connexins and impulse propagation
... In the SAN, gap junctions are responsible for two main functions: (1) maintaining regular beating frequency and (2) transferring the impulse to the atrial myocardium in the face of the hyperpolarizing atrial load [42]. Only little coupling is needed for synchronization of both frequency and waveform ...
... In the SAN, gap junctions are responsible for two main functions: (1) maintaining regular beating frequency and (2) transferring the impulse to the atrial myocardium in the face of the hyperpolarizing atrial load [42]. Only little coupling is needed for synchronization of both frequency and waveform ...
ECG Interpretation and Clinical Significance
... As discussed in Chapter 1, the ECG is an important tool used for the diagnosis and treatment of various cardiac and other related diseases. The recorded tracing of the ECG waveforms produced by the heart can tell you basic information about a patient’s condition. The ability to evaluate various ECG ...
... As discussed in Chapter 1, the ECG is an important tool used for the diagnosis and treatment of various cardiac and other related diseases. The recorded tracing of the ECG waveforms produced by the heart can tell you basic information about a patient’s condition. The ability to evaluate various ECG ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.