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Left ventricular long-axis diastolic function is
Left ventricular long-axis diastolic function is

... In order to determine left ventricular global and regional myocardial functional reserve in endurance-trained and strength-trained athletes, and to identify predictors of exercise capacity, we studied 18 endurance-trained and 11 strength-trained athletes with left ventricular hypertrophy (172p27 and ...
Not Bad: Passive Leg Raising in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Not Bad: Passive Leg Raising in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

... Passive leg raising (PLR) is a maneuver which involves the elevation of the lower limbs from the horizontal plane (Dragoumanos et al., 2012). The effect of PLR is to shift blood from the lower extremities toward the intra-thoracic compartment (Pottecher et al., 2010). As it is a simple and effective ...
Vascular Pathophysiology in Response to Increased Heart Rate
Vascular Pathophysiology in Response to Increased Heart Rate

... demonstrated that in patients with coronary heart disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, a resting heart rate ⬎70 beats/min was associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality as well as increased risk for hospitalization due to heart failure, myocardial infarction, or need for cor ...
Mitral regurgitation - Swiss Medical Weekly
Mitral regurgitation - Swiss Medical Weekly

... rupture, valve prolapse, rheumatic disease, a flail leaflet, endocarditis or LV dilatation. Calcification of the mitral annulus is visible as a high-density structure between the mitral apparatus and the posterior LV wall. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is superior to TTE for assessing the ...
Non Invasive Cardiac system (NICaS) Whole Body Electrical Bio
Non Invasive Cardiac system (NICaS) Whole Body Electrical Bio

Wien, 28 - Repository of the LBI-HTA
Wien, 28 - Repository of the LBI-HTA

... heart response to reestablish effective circulation and more normal haemodynamics that are compromised by a slow heart rate. Permanent pacemaker implantation is further considered to alleviate symptoms associated with a bradyarrhythmia (e.g. dizziness, light-headedness, syncope, fatigue, poor exerci ...
Dr Dhiraj Gupta
Dr Dhiraj Gupta

... have been successful in obtaining over £1.5 million in competitive research grants. In the past 3 years, I have authored over 15 scientific publications as senior author. I have earned repute for my expertise in treating patients suffering from Atrial Fibrillation (AF), and I work closely with the B ...
Sodium Ion Transporters as New Therapeutic Targets in Heart Failure
Sodium Ion Transporters as New Therapeutic Targets in Heart Failure

... (digoxin) are given to respectively prevent arrhythmias and improve contractility. Despite and improvement in the therapy, mortality in heart failure (HF) remains high and there is a need for alternative additional approaches [1, 2]. The major stimulus to initiate HF, is sustained increased workload ...
Comparison of Uhl`s anomaly, right ventricular outflow tract
Comparison of Uhl`s anomaly, right ventricular outflow tract

... and arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC)48,49. Mutations at the inner dense plaque, particularly affecting the desmin-binding site of desmoplakin may result in ARVD/C with predominantly left ventricular involvement and clinical overlapping with dilated cardiomyopathy, while the muta ...
Ventricular myocarditis coincides with atrial myocarditis - UvA-DARE
Ventricular myocarditis coincides with atrial myocarditis - UvA-DARE

... The use of patient material as described in this article is approved by the medical  ethics  committee  of  the  VU  Medical  Center  (VUmc),  Amsterdam,  the  Netherlands,  in  concordance  with  the  guidelines  established  by  the  World  Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki). Human hear ...
The Pulmonary Circulation in Pulmonary Hypertension  Novel insights into
The Pulmonary Circulation in Pulmonary Hypertension Novel insights into

... hypertension who present with a severely reduced DLCO often turn out to have an associated condition such as connective tissue disease47,48, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease49, left heart failure50, and parenchymal lung disease51,52. Measuring DLCO is therefore important for the diagnostic process. ...
Assessment of clients with CVS conditions
Assessment of clients with CVS conditions

... Unilateral distension of jugular vein may be due to local obstruction or kinking. jugular venous pressure of more than 1 cm while pressure is applied to the abdomen for 60 seconds (hepatojugular or abdominojugular test) indicates the inability of the heart to accommodate the increased venous return. ...
Ruptured Congenital Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm
Ruptured Congenital Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm

... only in diastole will be noted. This jet may initially appear to be aortic regurgitation. In addition, this diastolic jet is to be differentiated from aortico-left ventricular tunnel, in which the tunnel opens to the aorta above the coronary ostium, and the ruptured SVA opens to the aorta below the ...
Introducing a novel mechanism to control heart rate in the ancestral
Introducing a novel mechanism to control heart rate in the ancestral

... autocrine adrenergic tonus acting presumably on the primary cardiac pacemaker cells located in the sinoatrial node, which would set the intrinsic cardiac pacemaker rate (Farrell, 2007). To date the sinoatrial node has not been identified in any hagfish species, but is presumed to be present in E. ci ...
AHA Scientific Statement
AHA Scientific Statement

... and appears to reduce CABG operative morbidity and mortality rates.7,8 Therefore, aspirin should ideally be initiated before surgery at the time of hospital admission (with acute coronary syndrome or MI) or when CAD is first diagnosed.5,9,10 Considerable research has been performed to evaluate the i ...
Echocardiographic recognition and implications of
Echocardiographic recognition and implications of

... qualitatively, since there are no data available for the range of normal trabecular size. In this evaluation deviations from the normal trabecular pattern in the left ventricle and right ventricle were considered.'3 For this study a trabeculation differed from an aberrant band by the lack of a free ...
Ventricular Tachycardia
Ventricular Tachycardia

... Can occur at any rate The rhythm is irregular because of the early beat but is regular at other times All intervals can be within normal limits There is a P for every QRS and a QRS for every P The P waves all look the same except the P in front of the PAC will be different ...
Atrioventricular Groove Calcification in Constrictive Pericarditis
Atrioventricular Groove Calcification in Constrictive Pericarditis

June 2008 Volume 10, Number 6
June 2008 Volume 10, Number 6

... Extrapolating the number of episodes of ventricular tachycardia seen at one urban emergency medicine department with annual ED census of around 52,000 equates to approximately 1.6 cases of wide complex tachycardia seen per month.8 In another setting, 178 patients were noted to have WCT among a total ...
Right ventricular ejection fraction response to exercise in
Right ventricular ejection fraction response to exercise in

... All patients underwent selective coronary angiography. Significant coronary artery disease was considered present when there was at least one stenosis producing a reduction in luminal diameter of 50% or more in two projections. Ten patients had no significant stenoses and served as control subjects. ...
National Stroke Association guidelines for the management of
National Stroke Association guidelines for the management of

... specific topic area were excluded from participation in that panel. Each panel was composed of five or six participants. To avoid biases that may have been introduced by knowledge of the source of recommendations, we presented the abstracted recommendations without attribution to the panels of topic ...
Some Properties of a Cardioactive Substance Isolated From Human
Some Properties of a Cardioactive Substance Isolated From Human

... above to isometrically contracting preparations of rabbit papillary, rat trabeculae carneae, and toad ventricular muscles resulted similarly in the development of increased tensions during contraction. Dog, rabbit, and monkey papillary muscle, and toad ventricular muscle, which had been treated prev ...
Atrial Dysrhythmias
Atrial Dysrhythmias

... •  May occur in short bursts or may be sustained •  Short bursts are well-tolerated in otherwise normally healthy people •  With sustained rapid ventricular rates, ventricular filling may not be complete during diastole ...
Nutritional Treatments for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Nutritional Treatments for Acute Myocardial Infarction

... sulfate (8 mmol over five minutes, followed by 65 mmol over 24 hours) or placebo. One-third of the patients in each group received thrombolytic therapy and two-thirds received aspirin on admission. Myocardial infarction was confirmed in 65 percent of the patients in each group. In intent-totreat ana ...
Biophysical mechanisms of cardiac looping
Biophysical mechanisms of cardiac looping

... The chick embryo is a popular experimental model for studies of cardiac morphogenesis. Development of the chick heart parallels that of the human heart (DeHaan, 1967). Based on external characteristics of the developing embryo, the system of Hamburger and Hamilton (1951) divides the 21-day incubatio ...
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Cardiac contractility modulation



Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.
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