Stress Testing in Cardiac Evaluation
... ⬍ 4 per 10,000 tests.2 In subjects with histories of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, serious but nonfatal arrhythmias occurred during 2.3% of the tests.3 In the absence of such a history, the incidence of such complications is approximately 0.05%. Types of Stress Tests The most commonly per ...
... ⬍ 4 per 10,000 tests.2 In subjects with histories of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, serious but nonfatal arrhythmias occurred during 2.3% of the tests.3 In the absence of such a history, the incidence of such complications is approximately 0.05%. Types of Stress Tests The most commonly per ...
2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With
... Aortic Stenosis: Diagnosis and Follow-Up Recommendations TTE is indicated in patients with signs or symptoms of AS or a bicuspid aortic valve for accurate diagnosis of the cause of AS, hemodynamic severity, LV size and systolic function, and for determining prognosis and timing of valve interventio ...
... Aortic Stenosis: Diagnosis and Follow-Up Recommendations TTE is indicated in patients with signs or symptoms of AS or a bicuspid aortic valve for accurate diagnosis of the cause of AS, hemodynamic severity, LV size and systolic function, and for determining prognosis and timing of valve interventio ...
Retrospective Review of the Frequency of ECG Changes in
... ranging from 0.18 for strict criteria to 0.52 for the presence of any ECG change. The likelihood of meeting strict criteria for ECG changes increased with increasing concentrations of serum potassium (P ⫽ 0.0038), and there was a trend toward increased likelihood of new or resolving symmetric T wave ...
... ranging from 0.18 for strict criteria to 0.52 for the presence of any ECG change. The likelihood of meeting strict criteria for ECG changes increased with increasing concentrations of serum potassium (P ⫽ 0.0038), and there was a trend toward increased likelihood of new or resolving symmetric T wave ...
Title: Electrocardiography in rats
... Surface ECG recording is the most commonly used technique in anesthetised rats. To obtain a limb leads recording, the electrodes are placed under the skin of left and right forepaws and the tail. Additionally, unipolar leads can be positioned anteriorly at the midsternum (Normann et al. 1961). Advan ...
... Surface ECG recording is the most commonly used technique in anesthetised rats. To obtain a limb leads recording, the electrodes are placed under the skin of left and right forepaws and the tail. Additionally, unipolar leads can be positioned anteriorly at the midsternum (Normann et al. 1961). Advan ...
mechanisms of cardiac septation and valve development
... develop into atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) valves, whereas the OFT endocardial cushions give rise to semilunar (aortic and pulmonic) valves (Fig. 1). The formation of heart valves ensures that blood flows in one direction from the atria to ventricles and then to the arteries. Multiple cell ...
... develop into atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) valves, whereas the OFT endocardial cushions give rise to semilunar (aortic and pulmonic) valves (Fig. 1). The formation of heart valves ensures that blood flows in one direction from the atria to ventricles and then to the arteries. Multiple cell ...
UTILISATION OF CARDIAC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
... education of cardiovascular imaging in Asia. In order to achieve this goal, we hold annual scientific meetings and have research activities that include a congenital heart disease study group, CT and MRI guideline committees, and a multi-center research committee. In 2010, ASCI published the Appropr ...
... education of cardiovascular imaging in Asia. In order to achieve this goal, we hold annual scientific meetings and have research activities that include a congenital heart disease study group, CT and MRI guideline committees, and a multi-center research committee. In 2010, ASCI published the Appropr ...
electrocardiography of grevy`s zebras (equus grevyi)
... of the drug combination etorphine–detomidine–acepromazine compared to those receiving additional supplements of these drugs and/or ketamine. All other parameters were not significantly different among groups, except where noted previously. The results of this research indicate that differences in EC ...
... of the drug combination etorphine–detomidine–acepromazine compared to those receiving additional supplements of these drugs and/or ketamine. All other parameters were not significantly different among groups, except where noted previously. The results of this research indicate that differences in EC ...
The Fontan circulation after 45 years: update in
... Hospital survival has markedly improved with a reduction in mortality to 1%–2%. In the last couple of years, despite major efforts, ...
... Hospital survival has markedly improved with a reduction in mortality to 1%–2%. In the last couple of years, despite major efforts, ...
Evaluation of Syncope
... Low-risk (outpatient evaluation recommended)‡ Age younger than 50 years† No history of cardiovascular disease Normal electrocardiographic findings Symptoms consistent with neurally mediated or orthostatic syncope Unremarkable cardiovascular examination *—Patient is at high risk if any of the followi ...
... Low-risk (outpatient evaluation recommended)‡ Age younger than 50 years† No history of cardiovascular disease Normal electrocardiographic findings Symptoms consistent with neurally mediated or orthostatic syncope Unremarkable cardiovascular examination *—Patient is at high risk if any of the followi ...
Haemodynamics in Essential Hypertension
... The cardiac output was normal as long as heart failure was not present and, from a pathogenetic point of view, the heart was not of much interest. However, in the late 1950s and the early 1960s a few observations in experimental and human hypertension seemed to indicate that an increased cardiac out ...
... The cardiac output was normal as long as heart failure was not present and, from a pathogenetic point of view, the heart was not of much interest. However, in the late 1950s and the early 1960s a few observations in experimental and human hypertension seemed to indicate that an increased cardiac out ...
The Only EKG Book You`ll Ever Need, 5th Edition
... almost before it becomes available, a simple little electrical gizm o, more than a century old, still holds the key to diagnosing so many critically important clinical disorders, from m ild palpitations and diz ziness to life-threatening heart attacks and arrhythmias. The EKG predates relativity, qu ...
... almost before it becomes available, a simple little electrical gizm o, more than a century old, still holds the key to diagnosing so many critically important clinical disorders, from m ild palpitations and diz ziness to life-threatening heart attacks and arrhythmias. The EKG predates relativity, qu ...
Management of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumps
... Studies have demonstrated the effects of IABP on myocardial oxygen supply and myocardial oxygen demand by examining the diastolic pressure time index (DPTI) and the tension time index (TTI), respectively.5,18 The DPTI is the sum of the diastolic aortic pressure less the left atrial or left ventricul ...
... Studies have demonstrated the effects of IABP on myocardial oxygen supply and myocardial oxygen demand by examining the diastolic pressure time index (DPTI) and the tension time index (TTI), respectively.5,18 The DPTI is the sum of the diastolic aortic pressure less the left atrial or left ventricul ...
Anticoagulant treatment for acute pulmonary embolism: a pathophysiology- based clinical approach
... 6 months) and extended anticoagulation (beyond the first 3–6 months). Anticoagulant treatment with unfractionated heparin reduces 2-week mortality by ∼70% compared with no treatment [33]. In patients with pulmonary embolism, weight-adjusted low-molecular-weight heparin is associated with a statistic ...
... 6 months) and extended anticoagulation (beyond the first 3–6 months). Anticoagulant treatment with unfractionated heparin reduces 2-week mortality by ∼70% compared with no treatment [33]. In patients with pulmonary embolism, weight-adjusted low-molecular-weight heparin is associated with a statistic ...
Pericardial Effusion in Dogs
... A large globoid cardiac silhouette is supportive of pericardial effusion unless the effusion is acute and the pericardial sac has not had the time to stretch. It is not unusual for pericardial effusion to be mistaken for dilated cardiomyopathy. Pleural effusion may also be noted on radiographs. 8 Ca ...
... A large globoid cardiac silhouette is supportive of pericardial effusion unless the effusion is acute and the pericardial sac has not had the time to stretch. It is not unusual for pericardial effusion to be mistaken for dilated cardiomyopathy. Pleural effusion may also be noted on radiographs. 8 Ca ...
Atrial-Selective Approaches for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
... Atrial-selective pharmacologic approaches represent promising novel therapeutic options for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Medical treatment for AF is still more widely applied than interventional therapies but is hampered by several important weaknesses. Besides limited clinical efficac ...
... Atrial-selective pharmacologic approaches represent promising novel therapeutic options for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Medical treatment for AF is still more widely applied than interventional therapies but is hampered by several important weaknesses. Besides limited clinical efficac ...
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia with QRS Duration
... 10. Wongcharoen W, Tai CT, Lin YJ, et al. Alternate morphologies of QRS complex during a tachycardia: what is the mechanism? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2006;17:1255-6. ...
... 10. Wongcharoen W, Tai CT, Lin YJ, et al. Alternate morphologies of QRS complex during a tachycardia: what is the mechanism? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2006;17:1255-6. ...
Evaluation of Diastolic Filling of Left Ventricle in Health and Disease
... this interpretation of mitral flow velocity curves. The concept of a bimodal distribution of peak filling rates can be misleading. In patients with abnormally low peak filling rates, the “normalization” of the peak filling rate by a drug or intervention was interpreted to represent improvement in th ...
... this interpretation of mitral flow velocity curves. The concept of a bimodal distribution of peak filling rates can be misleading. In patients with abnormally low peak filling rates, the “normalization” of the peak filling rate by a drug or intervention was interpreted to represent improvement in th ...
Reverse Atrial Electrical Remodeling Induced by Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
... fibrosis synergistically contribute to the atrial enlargement present in patients with AF or atrial tachyarrhythmias. In a canine model, echocardiography revealed enlargement of both atria after rapid atrial pacing for 6 weeks (Morillo et al. 1995). Atrial enlargement, especially left atrial (LA) e ...
... fibrosis synergistically contribute to the atrial enlargement present in patients with AF or atrial tachyarrhythmias. In a canine model, echocardiography revealed enlargement of both atria after rapid atrial pacing for 6 weeks (Morillo et al. 1995). Atrial enlargement, especially left atrial (LA) e ...
Parathyroid hormone level is associated with mortality and
... this context, PTH levels have been associated with hypertension, myocardial dysfunction, and vascular diseases.1 – 6 Primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by inadequately high PTH levels with subsequent hypercalcaemia, has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and mortality, which ...
... this context, PTH levels have been associated with hypertension, myocardial dysfunction, and vascular diseases.1 – 6 Primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by inadequately high PTH levels with subsequent hypercalcaemia, has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and mortality, which ...
The Fontan circulation after 45 years: update in physiology
... Hospital survival has markedly improved with a reduction in mortality to 1%–2%. In the last couple of years, despite major efforts, ...
... Hospital survival has markedly improved with a reduction in mortality to 1%–2%. In the last couple of years, despite major efforts, ...
Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Surgery
... Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia seen in clinical practice. In cardiac surgery, one-third of the patients experience episodes of AF during the fi rst postoperative days (postoperative AF), and patients with preoperative AF (concomitant AF) can be offered ablation procedures in ...
... Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia seen in clinical practice. In cardiac surgery, one-third of the patients experience episodes of AF during the fi rst postoperative days (postoperative AF), and patients with preoperative AF (concomitant AF) can be offered ablation procedures in ...
Assessment of Cardiac Murmurs in Children
... Attention should be paid toward allaying the anxiety of the people concerned rather than concentrating on the murmur itself. It is necessary to emphasise that this extra sound does not signify the presence of any underlying heart disease. As such, the child Bulletin 5; September 1998 ...
... Attention should be paid toward allaying the anxiety of the people concerned rather than concentrating on the murmur itself. It is necessary to emphasise that this extra sound does not signify the presence of any underlying heart disease. As such, the child Bulletin 5; September 1998 ...
Pulmonary Hypertension in Sarcoidosis
... The right atrial, ventricle, and pulmonary artery pressures were recorded using a continuous wave tracing. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAmean) was calculated. The pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAO) was also determined. Cardiac output (CO) was determined using the thermodilution techni ...
... The right atrial, ventricle, and pulmonary artery pressures were recorded using a continuous wave tracing. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAmean) was calculated. The pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAO) was also determined. Cardiac output (CO) was determined using the thermodilution techni ...
topography of cardiac ganglia in the adult human heart - East
... tion procedures at Loyola University Medical Center. The Institutional Review Board at Loyola University approved the protocol for removal of heart tissue not directly used during heart transplantation procedures. Five complete hearts from autopsy cases, and atrial or ventricular tissue from ten add ...
... tion procedures at Loyola University Medical Center. The Institutional Review Board at Loyola University approved the protocol for removal of heart tissue not directly used during heart transplantation procedures. Five complete hearts from autopsy cases, and atrial or ventricular tissue from ten add ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
.jpg?width=300)
Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.