An ECG Primer
... The modified central lead is created by placing the positive electrode at the 4th intercostal space just to the right of the sternum and the negative electrode below the left clavicle near the shoulder. The ground electrode (red) electrode can be placed anywhere on the body (refer to Figure 4.3). Wh ...
... The modified central lead is created by placing the positive electrode at the 4th intercostal space just to the right of the sternum and the negative electrode below the left clavicle near the shoulder. The ground electrode (red) electrode can be placed anywhere on the body (refer to Figure 4.3). Wh ...
Remodelling of gap junctions and connexin expression in diseased
... current flow that govern the regular rhythm of the healthy heart. As in most tissues and organs, multiple connexin types are expressed in the heart: connexin43 (Cx43), Cx40 and Cx45 are found in distinctive combinations and relative quantities in different, functionally-specialized subsets of cardiac ...
... current flow that govern the regular rhythm of the healthy heart. As in most tissues and organs, multiple connexin types are expressed in the heart: connexin43 (Cx43), Cx40 and Cx45 are found in distinctive combinations and relative quantities in different, functionally-specialized subsets of cardiac ...
Cardiac Murmurs
... Systolic ejection murmurs. These are described as crescendo- decrescendo murmurs; their intensity peaks in early or mid systole(see Figure 2). Ejection murmurs result from some type of outflow obstruction. Important causes include aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, and hypertrophic obstructive car ...
... Systolic ejection murmurs. These are described as crescendo- decrescendo murmurs; their intensity peaks in early or mid systole(see Figure 2). Ejection murmurs result from some type of outflow obstruction. Important causes include aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, and hypertrophic obstructive car ...
Structural mechanics of the mosquito heart and its function in
... qualitative and quantitative data characterizing the heart of the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. Visual observation showed that the heart of resting mosquitoes contracts at a rate of 1.37Hz (82 beats per minute) and switches contraction direction, with 72% of contractions occurring in the anterograde ...
... qualitative and quantitative data characterizing the heart of the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. Visual observation showed that the heart of resting mosquitoes contracts at a rate of 1.37Hz (82 beats per minute) and switches contraction direction, with 72% of contractions occurring in the anterograde ...
Heart Rate Variability for Clinicians
... of HR and cannot measure autonomic tone, just modulation of HR. HRV is a “black box.” Decreased HRV can mean decreased autonomic input or decreased cardiac responsiveness. HRV cutpoints for risk stratification best established in immediate post-MI period. ...
... of HR and cannot measure autonomic tone, just modulation of HR. HRV is a “black box.” Decreased HRV can mean decreased autonomic input or decreased cardiac responsiveness. HRV cutpoints for risk stratification best established in immediate post-MI period. ...
Heart Rate Variability in Mice with Coronary Heart Disease
... thick walls and small lipid cores which are more stable and cause narrowing, flow limitation and chronic angina. In contrast, vulnerable plaques have thinner walls and large lipid cores. Vulnerable plaques may become unstable and have a tendency to rupture which can partially or completely occlude c ...
... thick walls and small lipid cores which are more stable and cause narrowing, flow limitation and chronic angina. In contrast, vulnerable plaques have thinner walls and large lipid cores. Vulnerable plaques may become unstable and have a tendency to rupture which can partially or completely occlude c ...
Basic Cardiac Rhythms - UT Health : The University of Toledo
... ▪ Antiarrhymics such as procainamide to convert the flutter ▪ Slow the ventricular rate by using diltiazem, verapamil, digitalis, or beta ...
... ▪ Antiarrhymics such as procainamide to convert the flutter ▪ Slow the ventricular rate by using diltiazem, verapamil, digitalis, or beta ...
PDF - Oxford Academic
... into four age groups (8-10-5, 10-6-12-5, 12-6-14-5 and > 14-5 years) and three pubertal groups: pre, early and late puberty based on Tanner stages 1, 2-3 and 4-5, respectively. From these normal results, z scores were calculated such that for all control children taken together, their mean z score f ...
... into four age groups (8-10-5, 10-6-12-5, 12-6-14-5 and > 14-5 years) and three pubertal groups: pre, early and late puberty based on Tanner stages 1, 2-3 and 4-5, respectively. From these normal results, z scores were calculated such that for all control children taken together, their mean z score f ...
skeletal muscle during progression of heart failure in rats Temporary
... of freeze-dried and homogenized muscle was placed in glass vials; 1 ml 6 M HCl was added and left to hydrolyze overnight at 120°C. After cooling, 3 ml of distilled water was added. The solution was pipetted into a total volume of 4.5 ml, so that the tissue concentration in all samples reached 0.25 m ...
... of freeze-dried and homogenized muscle was placed in glass vials; 1 ml 6 M HCl was added and left to hydrolyze overnight at 120°C. After cooling, 3 ml of distilled water was added. The solution was pipetted into a total volume of 4.5 ml, so that the tissue concentration in all samples reached 0.25 m ...
Korzick-web
... 2. Rate and amplitude of SR Ca2+ cycling is controlled by the amount of free Ca2+ in the system, the SR pumping rate and the number of activated RyRs. 3. LCR period and amplitude determine the time and amplitude of the late exponential DD phase and thus whether the membrane achieves excitation thres ...
... 2. Rate and amplitude of SR Ca2+ cycling is controlled by the amount of free Ca2+ in the system, the SR pumping rate and the number of activated RyRs. 3. LCR period and amplitude determine the time and amplitude of the late exponential DD phase and thus whether the membrane achieves excitation thres ...
MAIN TRIBUTARIES OF THE CORONARY SINUS IN THE
... ABSTRACT: The coronary sinus collects blood from the heart walls. Only few authors have described the coronary sinus in the primates' heart. Its main tributaries are: great cardiac vein, the posterior vein of the left ventricle, the oblique vein of the left atrium, the middle cardiac vein and the sm ...
... ABSTRACT: The coronary sinus collects blood from the heart walls. Only few authors have described the coronary sinus in the primates' heart. Its main tributaries are: great cardiac vein, the posterior vein of the left ventricle, the oblique vein of the left atrium, the middle cardiac vein and the sm ...
Water and sodium regulation in chronic heart failure: the role of
... selected purely on the basis of age [74]. In each of these clinical scenarios, BNP was found to be an independent prognostic indicator when assessed by multivariate analysis. Several theories have been postulated as to why BNP appears to be a better predictor of prognosis than ANP in CHF. These have ...
... selected purely on the basis of age [74]. In each of these clinical scenarios, BNP was found to be an independent prognostic indicator when assessed by multivariate analysis. Several theories have been postulated as to why BNP appears to be a better predictor of prognosis than ANP in CHF. These have ...
QT interval variability in body surface ECG
... Fiducial segment averaging is an alternative basic template matching approach.15 Operator’s choice of the template duration appears to have a low impact on measurement reproducibility results16 and it has been reported that both inter- and intra-operator variability is low.17 Automated template gene ...
... Fiducial segment averaging is an alternative basic template matching approach.15 Operator’s choice of the template duration appears to have a low impact on measurement reproducibility results16 and it has been reported that both inter- and intra-operator variability is low.17 Automated template gene ...
Pulmonary artery and right ventricle function in
... pulmonary artery (PA) has shown the same histological degeneration in BAV patients, especially after application of Ross procedure.[7] Some studies indicate that BAV patients have drastic changes in both the ascending aorta and medial layer of the pulmonary trunk earlier than patients with tricuspid ...
... pulmonary artery (PA) has shown the same histological degeneration in BAV patients, especially after application of Ross procedure.[7] Some studies indicate that BAV patients have drastic changes in both the ascending aorta and medial layer of the pulmonary trunk earlier than patients with tricuspid ...
Echocardiography in Pediatric and Congenital Heart
... output after the Fontan operation A characteristic feature of the Fontan circuit is the lack of pulsatile pulmonary blood flow through the pulmonary vascular bed. In the normal biventricular circulation pulmonary blood flow is generally not a limiting factor for determining cardiac output. In ischem ...
... output after the Fontan operation A characteristic feature of the Fontan circuit is the lack of pulsatile pulmonary blood flow through the pulmonary vascular bed. In the normal biventricular circulation pulmonary blood flow is generally not a limiting factor for determining cardiac output. In ischem ...
Measurement of Left Ventricular Diameter In the Dog by Cardiac
... of the oscilloscope face were made for approximately 15-second periods under each of the various conditions studied in the six dogs. Respiration was suspended after moderate pulmonary inflation during each filming period to lower the diaphragm beneath the cardiac shadow. The initial exposure in thre ...
... of the oscilloscope face were made for approximately 15-second periods under each of the various conditions studied in the six dogs. Respiration was suspended after moderate pulmonary inflation during each filming period to lower the diaphragm beneath the cardiac shadow. The initial exposure in thre ...
2014 ACC/AHA/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Focused Update of the
... Through a broad-based vetting process, the studies included are identified as being important to the relevant patient population. The focused update is not intended to be based on a complete literature review from the date of the previous guideline publication but rather to include pivotal new evide ...
... Through a broad-based vetting process, the studies included are identified as being important to the relevant patient population. The focused update is not intended to be based on a complete literature review from the date of the previous guideline publication but rather to include pivotal new evide ...
ECG, ANN, PhysioData Net, Classification, MIT-BIH.
... the heart to pump blood less effectively and causing disorders in the heart conduction process [4].Early detection of heart dieses is very helpful for living a long life and increase the improvement of our technique detection of arrhythmias.ECG general feature which are very useful to classification ...
... the heart to pump blood less effectively and causing disorders in the heart conduction process [4].Early detection of heart dieses is very helpful for living a long life and increase the improvement of our technique detection of arrhythmias.ECG general feature which are very useful to classification ...
ppt - UCL Computer Science
... Zhuang, X., et al.: An atlas-based segmentation propagation framework using locally affine registration -Application to automatic whole heart segmentation. MICCAI 2008 Zhuang, X., et al.: Free-Form Deformations Using Adaptive Control Point Status for Whole Heart MR Segmentation. Functional Imaging a ...
... Zhuang, X., et al.: An atlas-based segmentation propagation framework using locally affine registration -Application to automatic whole heart segmentation. MICCAI 2008 Zhuang, X., et al.: Free-Form Deformations Using Adaptive Control Point Status for Whole Heart MR Segmentation. Functional Imaging a ...
Anxiety after Acute Myocardial Infarction and In
... Sympathetic hyperactivity also increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, cause myocardial ischemia by increasing oxygen consumption, and increase left ventricular afterload by producing systemic vasoconstriction (Swan, 1991). A previous study found that anxiety early after AMI independently pre ...
... Sympathetic hyperactivity also increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, cause myocardial ischemia by increasing oxygen consumption, and increase left ventricular afterload by producing systemic vasoconstriction (Swan, 1991). A previous study found that anxiety early after AMI independently pre ...
... ECGs were recorded from isolated toad's hearts that were directly perfused with 5µg/ml of O. brevis extract where it had pronounced effects on the myocardial activity. Negative chronotropic and dromotropic effects were noticed after O. brevis extract application, indicating a significant decrease in ...
Pericardial Diseases
... occur, increasing the likelihood of tamponade. The incidence of this syndrome has been decreasing in recent years. It is believed to have an autoimmune cause due to sensitization to myocardial cells at the time of necrosis. Antimyocardial antibodies have been demonstrated in patients with Dressler s ...
... occur, increasing the likelihood of tamponade. The incidence of this syndrome has been decreasing in recent years. It is believed to have an autoimmune cause due to sensitization to myocardial cells at the time of necrosis. Antimyocardial antibodies have been demonstrated in patients with Dressler s ...
Mechanisms And Prevention Of TAVI
... decrease of mortality in patients with prohibitive surgical risk (PARTNER Cohort B trial), a significantly increased stroke rate was reported early after the TAVI procedure (30 day risk of CVEs: 6.7% vs. 1.7%, p=0.02), which persisted over 3 years (first year: 11.2% vs. 5.5%, p=0.06; second year: 13 ...
... decrease of mortality in patients with prohibitive surgical risk (PARTNER Cohort B trial), a significantly increased stroke rate was reported early after the TAVI procedure (30 day risk of CVEs: 6.7% vs. 1.7%, p=0.02), which persisted over 3 years (first year: 11.2% vs. 5.5%, p=0.06; second year: 13 ...
12-Development_of_Heart
... ostium primum: septum primum does not fuse with cushions resulting in a patent forament primum 3.Sinus venosus defect: incomplete absorption of sinus venosus 4.Common atrium: failure of both septa to develop ...
... ostium primum: septum primum does not fuse with cushions resulting in a patent forament primum 3.Sinus venosus defect: incomplete absorption of sinus venosus 4.Common atrium: failure of both septa to develop ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.