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Rules Ventral Prefrontal Cortical Axons Use to Reach Their Targets
... and Horsley, 1890; Schmahmann and Pandya, 2006; Petrides and Pandya, 2007). These major PFC pathways are well defined, but little is known about the organization of vPFC fibers within them. Of particular importance is determining whether fibers from different vPFC regions are segmented within these ...
... and Horsley, 1890; Schmahmann and Pandya, 2006; Petrides and Pandya, 2007). These major PFC pathways are well defined, but little is known about the organization of vPFC fibers within them. Of particular importance is determining whether fibers from different vPFC regions are segmented within these ...
Receptores Monoaminérgicos en Corteza Prefrontal: Mecanismo de Acción de Fármacos Antipsicóticos
... antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) on PFC function to understand the cellular and network elements involved in its schizomimeitc actions. PCP induces a marked disruption of the activity of the PFC in the rat, increasing and decreasing the activity of 45% and 33% of the pyramidal neurons recorded, respec ...
... antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) on PFC function to understand the cellular and network elements involved in its schizomimeitc actions. PCP induces a marked disruption of the activity of the PFC in the rat, increasing and decreasing the activity of 45% and 33% of the pyramidal neurons recorded, respec ...
Location and connectivity determine GABAergic interneuron survival in the brains... South Hampshire sheep with CLN6 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
... severely reduced in them, but the underlying mutation has yet to be determined. It is probably a novel non-coding mutation in a regulatory region, which may have human analogs (Tammen et al., 2006). To gain insights into the pathogenic mechanisms we have been studying progressive pathological change ...
... severely reduced in them, but the underlying mutation has yet to be determined. It is probably a novel non-coding mutation in a regulatory region, which may have human analogs (Tammen et al., 2006). To gain insights into the pathogenic mechanisms we have been studying progressive pathological change ...
The Development of Ocular Dominance Columns
... columns normally develop. In such animals, neural activity was dramatically reduced in LGN and visual cortex, and geniculocortical afferents did not form ocular dominance patches; they remained instead in their infantile state of complete overlap (figure 6). This lack of segregation was also apparen ...
... columns normally develop. In such animals, neural activity was dramatically reduced in LGN and visual cortex, and geniculocortical afferents did not form ocular dominance patches; they remained instead in their infantile state of complete overlap (figure 6). This lack of segregation was also apparen ...
Mesodermal and neuronal retinoids regulate the induction and
... in the establishment of a functional nervous system. In vertebrates, this complex process involves the implementation of cell-intrinsic events by extrinsic signals emanating from local cellular sources (Jessell and Melton, 1992; Liu and Joyner, 2001). In many cases, inductive signals are expressed b ...
... in the establishment of a functional nervous system. In vertebrates, this complex process involves the implementation of cell-intrinsic events by extrinsic signals emanating from local cellular sources (Jessell and Melton, 1992; Liu and Joyner, 2001). In many cases, inductive signals are expressed b ...
File
... The autonomic nervous system consists of two parts, the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. In general, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects on each organ they influence. The two systems produce a level of fine control that coordinates orga ...
... The autonomic nervous system consists of two parts, the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. In general, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects on each organ they influence. The two systems produce a level of fine control that coordinates orga ...
PDZ Protein Regulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor
... pharmacological strategies for the treatment of human pathologies. Of the many GPCR-interacting proteins, postsynaptic density protein of 95 kilodaltons, disc large, zona occludens-1 (PDZ) domain–containing proteins appear most abundant and have similarly been implicated in disease mechanisms. PDZ p ...
... pharmacological strategies for the treatment of human pathologies. Of the many GPCR-interacting proteins, postsynaptic density protein of 95 kilodaltons, disc large, zona occludens-1 (PDZ) domain–containing proteins appear most abundant and have similarly been implicated in disease mechanisms. PDZ p ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
... the spinal cord, which in turn inhibit the actions of the motor neurons ...
... the spinal cord, which in turn inhibit the actions of the motor neurons ...
Eye-specific Segregation Requires Neural Activity in Three
... of well isolated, individual retinal ganglion cell terminal arbors during this period reveals that they occupy a significantly greater area of tectum following the TTX treatment. These results indicate that Na+-dependent action potentials in the optic nerves of three-eyed tadpoles are necessary for ...
... of well isolated, individual retinal ganglion cell terminal arbors during this period reveals that they occupy a significantly greater area of tectum following the TTX treatment. These results indicate that Na+-dependent action potentials in the optic nerves of three-eyed tadpoles are necessary for ...
Segregated cholinergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area
... increased their bursting activity (Fig. 5a, right), detected as an increase in the number of bursts episodes (Fig. 5b) and a higher burst probability (Fig. 5c). Accordingly, we observed a tendency for an increase in the proportion of spikes within bursts only after LDT axon stimulation (Fig. 5d). In ...
... increased their bursting activity (Fig. 5a, right), detected as an increase in the number of bursts episodes (Fig. 5b) and a higher burst probability (Fig. 5c). Accordingly, we observed a tendency for an increase in the proportion of spikes within bursts only after LDT axon stimulation (Fig. 5d). In ...
~ Pergamon
... emotional processes. The cellular features which contribute to the functional specialization of its subsectors are poorly understood. In this study we determined the distribution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase-positive neurons in structurally and functionally distinct pref ...
... emotional processes. The cellular features which contribute to the functional specialization of its subsectors are poorly understood. In this study we determined the distribution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase-positive neurons in structurally and functionally distinct pref ...
Dynamics of sensory thalamocortical synaptic networks during
... will also be made to studies from other sensory modalities and species when necessary. A number of reviews and books exist on the properties of the thalamocortical network (e.g. Sherman and Guillery, 1996, 2001; Steriade et al., 1997; Jones and Diamond, 1995). The present review focuses on the basic ...
... will also be made to studies from other sensory modalities and species when necessary. A number of reviews and books exist on the properties of the thalamocortical network (e.g. Sherman and Guillery, 1996, 2001; Steriade et al., 1997; Jones and Diamond, 1995). The present review focuses on the basic ...
Control of Appetite and Food Preference by NMDA Receptor and Its
... control is necessary to prevent and treat obesity. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor is a post-synaptic glutamate receptor and is important for excitatory neurotransmission. It is expressed throughout the nervous system, and is important for long-term potentiation. It requires both ligand (glutam ...
... control is necessary to prevent and treat obesity. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor is a post-synaptic glutamate receptor and is important for excitatory neurotransmission. It is expressed throughout the nervous system, and is important for long-term potentiation. It requires both ligand (glutam ...
On real-world temporal pattern recognition using Liquid State
... input to output. In their basic form they are therefore unsuited for temporal pattern recognition. However, we can patch these techniques up by simply combining various stills into a bigger picture: an input window that hopefully contains enough information for detecting the desired pattern. Statist ...
... input to output. In their basic form they are therefore unsuited for temporal pattern recognition. However, we can patch these techniques up by simply combining various stills into a bigger picture: an input window that hopefully contains enough information for detecting the desired pattern. Statist ...
Dopamine-Independent Locomotion Following Blockade of N
... in dopamine metabolism in the nucleus accumbens and striatum. Neither AP-5 nor DAMGO elevated dopamine metabolism in the prefrontal cortex. Lack of Behavioral Sensitization Produced by Repeated NMDA Antagonist Microinjection into the VTA. Similar to DAMGO, other compounds such as neurotensin or Subs ...
... in dopamine metabolism in the nucleus accumbens and striatum. Neither AP-5 nor DAMGO elevated dopamine metabolism in the prefrontal cortex. Lack of Behavioral Sensitization Produced by Repeated NMDA Antagonist Microinjection into the VTA. Similar to DAMGO, other compounds such as neurotensin or Subs ...
Function of Peripheral Olfactory Organs
... Responses to both contact with and loss of sex pheromone filaments by male moths can be as fast as 0.15s [Grapholita rnolesta (Busck), Baker and Haynes 19871,but usually are between 0.3-0.6s [Heliothis virescens (F.), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer), respectively; Vickers ...
... Responses to both contact with and loss of sex pheromone filaments by male moths can be as fast as 0.15s [Grapholita rnolesta (Busck), Baker and Haynes 19871,but usually are between 0.3-0.6s [Heliothis virescens (F.), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer), respectively; Vickers ...
Core Lab #1 - Reflex Responses
... The Nervous System and Reflex Responses (p. 395): In a simple reflex arc, such as the knee jerk, a stimulus is detected by a (1) receptor cell, which synapses with a sensory neuron. The (2) sensory neuron carries the impulse from the site of the stimulus to the central nervous system (spinal cord), ...
... The Nervous System and Reflex Responses (p. 395): In a simple reflex arc, such as the knee jerk, a stimulus is detected by a (1) receptor cell, which synapses with a sensory neuron. The (2) sensory neuron carries the impulse from the site of the stimulus to the central nervous system (spinal cord), ...
Full text article
... Establishment of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal function is dependent on the highly controlled and dynamic interactions between regulatory signals from the brain, pituitary and gonads, all of them leading to the attainment of reproductive capacity, where a coordinated and timely activation of ...
... Establishment of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal function is dependent on the highly controlled and dynamic interactions between regulatory signals from the brain, pituitary and gonads, all of them leading to the attainment of reproductive capacity, where a coordinated and timely activation of ...
Human Biology I - Control and Development
... brief period when the area cannot be stimulated again. This prevents the action potential from moving backwards. ...
... brief period when the area cannot be stimulated again. This prevents the action potential from moving backwards. ...
Number and Laminar Distribution of Neurons in a
... a projection column. The estimates confirmed previous reports suggesting that the ensembles of spiny L4 and thick-tufted pyramidal neurons emit the major fraction of APs of a column. The number of APs evoked in a column by a sensory stimulus (principal whisker deflection) was estimated as 4441 withi ...
... a projection column. The estimates confirmed previous reports suggesting that the ensembles of spiny L4 and thick-tufted pyramidal neurons emit the major fraction of APs of a column. The number of APs evoked in a column by a sensory stimulus (principal whisker deflection) was estimated as 4441 withi ...
Neuronal LRP1 Knockout in Adult Mice Leads to Impaired Brain
... lighting conditions was assayed. Mouse activity was measured by 16 photoreceptor beams on all sides of the chamber connected to an Activity Monitor program (Med Associates). Zone analysis was performed to determine the time spent in the center of the chamber (designated by an 8 cm ⫻ 8 cm region) com ...
... lighting conditions was assayed. Mouse activity was measured by 16 photoreceptor beams on all sides of the chamber connected to an Activity Monitor program (Med Associates). Zone analysis was performed to determine the time spent in the center of the chamber (designated by an 8 cm ⫻ 8 cm region) com ...
Table of Contents
... the membrane. Nevertheless, this depolarization still inhibits muscle contraction because the increase in chloride conductance creates a 'current shunt' for excitatory currents (Kuffler and Eyzaguirre, 1955). Specifically, the abundance of open chloride channels clamps the membrane voltage at the ch ...
... the membrane. Nevertheless, this depolarization still inhibits muscle contraction because the increase in chloride conductance creates a 'current shunt' for excitatory currents (Kuffler and Eyzaguirre, 1955). Specifically, the abundance of open chloride channels clamps the membrane voltage at the ch ...
PDF
... Pyramidal neurons located in upper layers of the primate prefrontal cortex also provide rich intracortical projections. From large layer III pyramids 80% of synaptic output belongs to local connections coming from axonal side branches (Melchitzky and Lewis, 2003). They extend several millimeters aro ...
... Pyramidal neurons located in upper layers of the primate prefrontal cortex also provide rich intracortical projections. From large layer III pyramids 80% of synaptic output belongs to local connections coming from axonal side branches (Melchitzky and Lewis, 2003). They extend several millimeters aro ...
A flexible genetic toolkit for arthropod neurogenesis
... processes that generate the neural cells and regulate their differentiation. In order to understand the causes and sequence of evolutionary variations, Volker Hartenstein and I, in a recent review [1], compared early neurogenesis across the animal kingdom by subdividing the developmental processes o ...
... processes that generate the neural cells and regulate their differentiation. In order to understand the causes and sequence of evolutionary variations, Volker Hartenstein and I, in a recent review [1], compared early neurogenesis across the animal kingdom by subdividing the developmental processes o ...