Neural Machines for Music Recognition
... properties that models should satisfy, and states a number of hypothesis about the structure and processes in the brain, some of which are more or less supported by actual findings. Although experiments from the field of psychology that were performed several decades ago already suggested that patte ...
... properties that models should satisfy, and states a number of hypothesis about the structure and processes in the brain, some of which are more or less supported by actual findings. Although experiments from the field of psychology that were performed several decades ago already suggested that patte ...
Searching for Arthur Koestler`s Holons – a systemstheoretical
... example of artificial neural networks and related constructions deserve primary attention. From a general point of view, such networks are hierarchical systems forming a kind of multilayer model. Its nodes (e.g., an artificial neuron) could be considered as holons in the sense of Koestler. After a ...
... example of artificial neural networks and related constructions deserve primary attention. From a general point of view, such networks are hierarchical systems forming a kind of multilayer model. Its nodes (e.g., an artificial neuron) could be considered as holons in the sense of Koestler. After a ...
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... of future probabilistic maps of the human cerebellum. r 1999 Academic Press Key Words: cerebellum; atlas; anatomy; human; proportional stereotaxic (Talairach) space; brain mapping. ...
... of future probabilistic maps of the human cerebellum. r 1999 Academic Press Key Words: cerebellum; atlas; anatomy; human; proportional stereotaxic (Talairach) space; brain mapping. ...
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... histochemical methods for demonstration of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve structures to investigate the innervation of the gall bladder and biliary pathways. They have found that the ganglionated plexus associated with the CBD splits into two interconnected components at the level of the lower por ...
... histochemical methods for demonstration of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve structures to investigate the innervation of the gall bladder and biliary pathways. They have found that the ganglionated plexus associated with the CBD splits into two interconnected components at the level of the lower por ...
Soghomonian J.J., Sethares C., and Peters, A
... axodendritic synapses are lost from the neuropil of layer 2/3 in prefrontal area 46 with age (Peters et al., 2008). Whether there is a similar loss of inhibitory axosomatic synapses from this cortex has not been determined, but a study in primate motor cortex suggests that axosomatic synapses are no ...
... axodendritic synapses are lost from the neuropil of layer 2/3 in prefrontal area 46 with age (Peters et al., 2008). Whether there is a similar loss of inhibitory axosomatic synapses from this cortex has not been determined, but a study in primate motor cortex suggests that axosomatic synapses are no ...
Brain asymmetry is encoded at the level of axon terminal morphology
... axonal projection within the FR, from the rHb to the IPN. (b) A single R habenular neuron labeled by focal electroporation and visualized by anti-GFP immunostaining (brown). The image shows the dorsal diencephalon of a dissected brain of a 4 dpf larva. Dotted lines show the borders of the habenulae ...
... axonal projection within the FR, from the rHb to the IPN. (b) A single R habenular neuron labeled by focal electroporation and visualized by anti-GFP immunostaining (brown). The image shows the dorsal diencephalon of a dissected brain of a 4 dpf larva. Dotted lines show the borders of the habenulae ...
Differential Spatial Organization of Otolith Signals in Frog Vestibular
... were removed. Brains were stored overnight at 6°C in oxygenated Ringer solution with a pH of 7.5 ⫾ 0.1 and were used ⱕ4 days after their isolation. For the experiments, the brain stem was fixed to the sylgard floor of a chamber (volume: 2.4 ml) that was continuously perfused with oxygenated Ringer s ...
... were removed. Brains were stored overnight at 6°C in oxygenated Ringer solution with a pH of 7.5 ⫾ 0.1 and were used ⱕ4 days after their isolation. For the experiments, the brain stem was fixed to the sylgard floor of a chamber (volume: 2.4 ml) that was continuously perfused with oxygenated Ringer s ...
Rostral Fastigial Nucleus Activity in the Alert Monkey During Three
... dynamic stimulation and their response to static tilt, these neurons were classified as vertical semicircular canal related (n Å 79, 71.2%) or otolith related (n Å 25; 22.5%). Only seven neurons did not follow the usual response pattern and were classified as complex neurons. For the vertical canal- ...
... dynamic stimulation and their response to static tilt, these neurons were classified as vertical semicircular canal related (n Å 79, 71.2%) or otolith related (n Å 25; 22.5%). Only seven neurons did not follow the usual response pattern and were classified as complex neurons. For the vertical canal- ...
New Roles for the External Globus Pallidus in Basal Ganglia Circuits
... These studies in primates provide insights into the anatomical organization of functionally distinct circuits, preserved in the GPe. Like primate basal ganglia, rodent basal ganglia can also be grossly divided into sensorimotor, associative, and limbic territories based on patterns of cortical affer ...
... These studies in primates provide insights into the anatomical organization of functionally distinct circuits, preserved in the GPe. Like primate basal ganglia, rodent basal ganglia can also be grossly divided into sensorimotor, associative, and limbic territories based on patterns of cortical affer ...
For Peer Review - diss.fu
... MnR: 7.8 mm posterior to bregma, 0.8 from the midline, and 7.8 mm ventral to the dura (-6°). Hemisphere for injections into VTA was randomized prior to each experiment. The retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG; 2-hydroxy-4,4-diamino-stilbene, 1% in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4; Fluorochrome, Denver, ...
... MnR: 7.8 mm posterior to bregma, 0.8 from the midline, and 7.8 mm ventral to the dura (-6°). Hemisphere for injections into VTA was randomized prior to each experiment. The retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG; 2-hydroxy-4,4-diamino-stilbene, 1% in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4; Fluorochrome, Denver, ...
mechanisms and biological role of thalamocortical oscillations
... or anesthesia), fast (20-60 Hz) and ultra-fast (100-600 Hz) activities. The fast and ultra-fast activities may be present in various states of vigilance and frequently coexist with slower rhythms. Pathological oscillations within thalamocortical system take place in a form of electrographic seizures ...
... or anesthesia), fast (20-60 Hz) and ultra-fast (100-600 Hz) activities. The fast and ultra-fast activities may be present in various states of vigilance and frequently coexist with slower rhythms. Pathological oscillations within thalamocortical system take place in a form of electrographic seizures ...
Short title: Thalamocortical computations during tactile sensation
... with touch. Our model provides a mechanistic explanation of a behavior-related computation ...
... with touch. Our model provides a mechanistic explanation of a behavior-related computation ...
cortical input to the basal forebrain
... However, cholinergic projection neurons represent only a fraction of the total cell population in these forebrain areas, which also contain GABAergic and peptidergic neurons.9,32,86,98 In studies conducted in behaving monkeys, DeLong and co-workers67 and Rolls and colleagues68,90,91 found that basal ...
... However, cholinergic projection neurons represent only a fraction of the total cell population in these forebrain areas, which also contain GABAergic and peptidergic neurons.9,32,86,98 In studies conducted in behaving monkeys, DeLong and co-workers67 and Rolls and colleagues68,90,91 found that basal ...
Rapid Changes in Synaptic Vesicle Cytochemistry
... ABstrAct Sympathetic neurons taken from rat superior cervical ganglia and grown in culture acquire cholinergic function under certain conditions. These cholinergic sympathetic neurons, however, retain a number of adrenergic properties, including the enzymes involved in the synthesis of norepinephrin ...
... ABstrAct Sympathetic neurons taken from rat superior cervical ganglia and grown in culture acquire cholinergic function under certain conditions. These cholinergic sympathetic neurons, however, retain a number of adrenergic properties, including the enzymes involved in the synthesis of norepinephrin ...
Folie 1
... What truly distinguishes MLP from Symbol -manipulation • Is not clear, because… …both can be context independent …both can be counted as having symbols …both can be localist or distributed ...
... What truly distinguishes MLP from Symbol -manipulation • Is not clear, because… …both can be context independent …both can be counted as having symbols …both can be localist or distributed ...
Ventral Medial Nucleus Neurons Send Thalamocortical Afferents
... with a spatial resolution of 1.038 µm/pixel using digital slide scanner TOCO (CLARO, Aomori, Japan), and at most 174 parasagittal or 270 frontal images (file size = 50–150 MB/image) were obtained from a hemisphere. On the images, we traced and digitized the axon fibers with a pen tablet (Bamboo Tablet ...
... with a spatial resolution of 1.038 µm/pixel using digital slide scanner TOCO (CLARO, Aomori, Japan), and at most 174 parasagittal or 270 frontal images (file size = 50–150 MB/image) were obtained from a hemisphere. On the images, we traced and digitized the axon fibers with a pen tablet (Bamboo Tablet ...
Multiple hypothalamic circuits sense and regulate glucose levels
... appear to be the opposite of those of orexin/hypocretin cells. In mice, knockout of MCH increases energy expenditure and reduces body weight (88), and these characteristics are also seen in animals lacking the MCH receptor -1 (MCH1R) (57). Central injection of MCH in rats increases the quantities of ...
... appear to be the opposite of those of orexin/hypocretin cells. In mice, knockout of MCH increases energy expenditure and reduces body weight (88), and these characteristics are also seen in animals lacking the MCH receptor -1 (MCH1R) (57). Central injection of MCH in rats increases the quantities of ...
Anticipated synchronization in neuronal circuits
... After several works in physical systems, a reasonable question arises whether AS can appear in natural (not man-made) systems. In his first paper about AS, Voss already proposed the investigation of physiological systems: “Since the underlying mechanisms are so simple, it should be worth searching f ...
... After several works in physical systems, a reasonable question arises whether AS can appear in natural (not man-made) systems. In his first paper about AS, Voss already proposed the investigation of physiological systems: “Since the underlying mechanisms are so simple, it should be worth searching f ...
Neurons, Brain Chemistry, and Neurotransmission
... molecules can then bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron to elicit a response. Excess neurotransmitter can then be reabsorbed into the presynaptic neuron through the action of specific reuptake molecules called transporters. This process ensures that the signal is terminated when app ...
... molecules can then bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron to elicit a response. Excess neurotransmitter can then be reabsorbed into the presynaptic neuron through the action of specific reuptake molecules called transporters. This process ensures that the signal is terminated when app ...
Glucose-sensing neurons: Are they physiologically relevant?
... levels, which trigger counterregulation (Fig. 1) [32]. In light of this work, most studies of both glucose-sensing and nonglucose-sensing neurons are being performed at glucose levels outside the physiologic range. This issue is of fundamental importance not only to scientists studying food intake a ...
... levels, which trigger counterregulation (Fig. 1) [32]. In light of this work, most studies of both glucose-sensing and nonglucose-sensing neurons are being performed at glucose levels outside the physiologic range. This issue is of fundamental importance not only to scientists studying food intake a ...
The dorsal raphe nucleus—From silver stainings to a role in
... tended to “concentrate in ascending and descending dorsoventral bundles”. However, he was not able to determine how far the fibers continued. Today we know that the fibers of DRN target a multitude of regions, both close to and far from the DRN itself, throughout the brain and spinal cord. Some of t ...
... tended to “concentrate in ascending and descending dorsoventral bundles”. However, he was not able to determine how far the fibers continued. Today we know that the fibers of DRN target a multitude of regions, both close to and far from the DRN itself, throughout the brain and spinal cord. Some of t ...
Pansynaptic Enlargement at Adult Cortical
... (Peters and Kaiserman-Abramof 1970; Harris et al. 1992; Knott et al. 2006). Thin spines had lengths much greater than their diameters, and similar head and neck diameters. Mushroom spines had a much greater head than neck diameter, and stubby spines had a similar length and diameter. Dendritic protr ...
... (Peters and Kaiserman-Abramof 1970; Harris et al. 1992; Knott et al. 2006). Thin spines had lengths much greater than their diameters, and similar head and neck diameters. Mushroom spines had a much greater head than neck diameter, and stubby spines had a similar length and diameter. Dendritic protr ...