Propagation of tau pathology in Alzheimer`s disease
... in its intercellular transfer is of great interest. The phosphorylation state and length of extracellular tau have been reported in numerous studies, but obtaining a global picture is difficult since different epitopes were analyzed in various model systems. Analysis of tau in human CSF found that l ...
... in its intercellular transfer is of great interest. The phosphorylation state and length of extracellular tau have been reported in numerous studies, but obtaining a global picture is difficult since different epitopes were analyzed in various model systems. Analysis of tau in human CSF found that l ...
Orexin/Hypocretin: A Neuropeptide at the Interface of Sleep, Energy
... II. Orexin and orexin receptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Identification of orexin (Hypocretin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. Orex ...
... II. Orexin and orexin receptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Identification of orexin (Hypocretin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. Orex ...
Histamine in the Nervous System
... detella pertussis toxin sensitization (Bphs), which controls both histamine-mediated autoimmune T cell and vascular responses after pertussis toxin sensitization. Histamine H1R- and H2R-deficient mice have an imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell function (318, 564) and a lower susceptibility to develop autoimm ...
... detella pertussis toxin sensitization (Bphs), which controls both histamine-mediated autoimmune T cell and vascular responses after pertussis toxin sensitization. Histamine H1R- and H2R-deficient mice have an imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell function (318, 564) and a lower susceptibility to develop autoimm ...
Distinct Roles for Somatically and Dendritically Synthesized Brain
... antibody to GFP at DIV14, DIV21, DIV28, DIV35, and DIV42, as described above. All dendritic spines on one entire main dendrite per neuron (⬎180 m in length) were traced directly under a Nikon Eclipse E800 microscope with an oil-immersion lens (Nikon; Plan APO 60⫻/NA 1.40) using Neurolucida software ...
... antibody to GFP at DIV14, DIV21, DIV28, DIV35, and DIV42, as described above. All dendritic spines on one entire main dendrite per neuron (⬎180 m in length) were traced directly under a Nikon Eclipse E800 microscope with an oil-immersion lens (Nikon; Plan APO 60⫻/NA 1.40) using Neurolucida software ...
The Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Projection
... (Tanahira et al., 2009). In the rat basal forebrain, a substantial proportion of parvalbumin cells contain GABA and project to the cerebral cortex (Celio, 1990; Gritti et al., 1993; Zaborszky et al., 1999). Calbindin and Calretinin. Calbindin has proven to be a useful marker of tangential migratory ...
... (Tanahira et al., 2009). In the rat basal forebrain, a substantial proportion of parvalbumin cells contain GABA and project to the cerebral cortex (Celio, 1990; Gritti et al., 1993; Zaborszky et al., 1999). Calbindin and Calretinin. Calbindin has proven to be a useful marker of tangential migratory ...
The basal forebrain cholinergic projection system in mice. In
... (Tanahira et al., 2009). In the rat basal forebrain, a substantial proportion of parvalbumin cells contain GABA and project to the cerebral cortex (Celio, 1990; Gritti et al., 1993; Zaborszky et al., 1999). Calbindin and Calretinin. Calbindin has proven to be a useful marker of tangential migratory ...
... (Tanahira et al., 2009). In the rat basal forebrain, a substantial proportion of parvalbumin cells contain GABA and project to the cerebral cortex (Celio, 1990; Gritti et al., 1993; Zaborszky et al., 1999). Calbindin and Calretinin. Calbindin has proven to be a useful marker of tangential migratory ...
Relating normalization to neuronal populations across cortical areas
... hypothesized to arise from interactions between neuronal populations, either in the same or different brain areas (Heeger, 1992; Carandini et al., 1997; Carandini and Heeger, 2012; Busse et al., 2009; Chance et al., 2002; Rubin et al., 2013; Rust et al., 2006; Sit et al., 2009), but current models o ...
... hypothesized to arise from interactions between neuronal populations, either in the same or different brain areas (Heeger, 1992; Carandini et al., 1997; Carandini and Heeger, 2012; Busse et al., 2009; Chance et al., 2002; Rubin et al., 2013; Rust et al., 2006; Sit et al., 2009), but current models o ...
The Locus Ceruleus Responds to Signaling Molecules Obtained
... ependyma exclusively in the ventral midline, but never in or near the LoC, robust radiolabel of GDNF-I 125 in the midline of the third and fourth ventricles was taken as additional evidence for a successful injection. The other series of sections was processed for tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochem ...
... ependyma exclusively in the ventral midline, but never in or near the LoC, robust radiolabel of GDNF-I 125 in the midline of the third and fourth ventricles was taken as additional evidence for a successful injection. The other series of sections was processed for tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochem ...
Temporal modulation of the dynamics of neuronal networks with
... very inexperienced and very useless rst-year high school student in the Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée of Joseph Fourier University. Their sincere interest in their work really motivated me during my studies, and they made me choose this very intriguing and weird job that r ...
... very inexperienced and very useless rst-year high school student in the Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée of Joseph Fourier University. Their sincere interest in their work really motivated me during my studies, and they made me choose this very intriguing and weird job that r ...
Dopaminergic control of the globus pallidus and its impact
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
Test Bank 1
... Correct: Glial cells perform all of these functions, and are also the substance that make up the myelin sheath. d. lymph Answer: c Difficulty: 2 Page Reference: 43 Topic: Neurons: The Messengers Skill: A ...
... Correct: Glial cells perform all of these functions, and are also the substance that make up the myelin sheath. d. lymph Answer: c Difficulty: 2 Page Reference: 43 Topic: Neurons: The Messengers Skill: A ...
Implication of novel neurotransmitter systems in the regulation of
... In rats, the central regulation of the reproductive axis is carried out by about 10001600 GnRH neurons (7, 8). These neurons ontogenetically originate outside the brain in the olfactory placodes (9) and migrate to their final location during the embryonic life. In addition to these data from mice, r ...
... In rats, the central regulation of the reproductive axis is carried out by about 10001600 GnRH neurons (7, 8). These neurons ontogenetically originate outside the brain in the olfactory placodes (9) and migrate to their final location during the embryonic life. In addition to these data from mice, r ...
neuropathology of dopamine systems in schizophrenia
... basal activity at time of death, while changes in subunit protein expression are related to long-term regulation of the enzyme, affecting the “reserve capacity” of the mitochondria to respond to higher energy demands. Finally, we performed neuronal counts of dopaminergic and total number of neurons ...
... basal activity at time of death, while changes in subunit protein expression are related to long-term regulation of the enzyme, affecting the “reserve capacity” of the mitochondria to respond to higher energy demands. Finally, we performed neuronal counts of dopaminergic and total number of neurons ...
Protracted Synaptogenesis after Activity
... this directly by correlating time-lapse two-photon microscopy of newly formed spines on CA1 pyramidal neurons in organotypic hippocampal slices with electron microscopy. Our results show that, whereas spines that are only a few hours old rarely form synapses, older spines, ranging from 15 to 19 h, c ...
... this directly by correlating time-lapse two-photon microscopy of newly formed spines on CA1 pyramidal neurons in organotypic hippocampal slices with electron microscopy. Our results show that, whereas spines that are only a few hours old rarely form synapses, older spines, ranging from 15 to 19 h, c ...
Apparent Loss and Hypertrophy of Interneurons in a Mouse Model
... other tissues (Koenig, 1964; Haltia et al., 1973; Dyken, 1988; Goebel, 1995). Ultrastructurally, these electron-dense accumulations exhibit granular, curvilinear, or fingerprint-like appearances that are characteristic for each form of NCL (Santavuori, 1988; Goebel, 1995, 1997). Biochemical studies ...
... other tissues (Koenig, 1964; Haltia et al., 1973; Dyken, 1988; Goebel, 1995). Ultrastructurally, these electron-dense accumulations exhibit granular, curvilinear, or fingerprint-like appearances that are characteristic for each form of NCL (Santavuori, 1988; Goebel, 1995, 1997). Biochemical studies ...
Neural mechanism of rapid eye movement sleep generation
... and Hindu Vedic literatures (Mandukya Upanishad, 400 BC-200 BC), classification of such a sleep state on the basis of objective electrophysiological criteria was made possible only in the mid-twentieth century. The period following the discovery of REM sleep was marked by an ever-increasing interest ...
... and Hindu Vedic literatures (Mandukya Upanishad, 400 BC-200 BC), classification of such a sleep state on the basis of objective electrophysiological criteria was made possible only in the mid-twentieth century. The period following the discovery of REM sleep was marked by an ever-increasing interest ...
Examination of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
... considered a thyroid hormone inactivating enzyme in euthyroid conditions by producing inactive rT3 or T2 [14]. The liver and kidney, where D1 participates in the clearance of TH derivatives, contains a relatively large concentration of this enzyme, but D1 is also present in the anterior pituitary, i ...
... considered a thyroid hormone inactivating enzyme in euthyroid conditions by producing inactive rT3 or T2 [14]. The liver and kidney, where D1 participates in the clearance of TH derivatives, contains a relatively large concentration of this enzyme, but D1 is also present in the anterior pituitary, i ...
What clinical disorders tell us about the neural
... a group of patients with similar symptoms, whereas scientific studies tend to be exclusive, focusing on one or a few differences between experimental and control subjects. Finally, basic scientists often study saccades in several species (e.g. monkey or cat) that are both anatomically and physiologi ...
... a group of patients with similar symptoms, whereas scientific studies tend to be exclusive, focusing on one or a few differences between experimental and control subjects. Finally, basic scientists often study saccades in several species (e.g. monkey or cat) that are both anatomically and physiologi ...
Different neurotrophins are expressed and act in a developmental
... that neuronal target fields produce limiting quantities of neurotrophins that promote the survival of the appropriate number of innervating neurons during development (Davies, 1988; Barde, 1989). NGF is synthesized in the target fields of developing NGF-dependent neurons, which include sympathetic n ...
... that neuronal target fields produce limiting quantities of neurotrophins that promote the survival of the appropriate number of innervating neurons during development (Davies, 1988; Barde, 1989). NGF is synthesized in the target fields of developing NGF-dependent neurons, which include sympathetic n ...
Neuronal uptake and propagation of a rare phosphorylated high-molecular-weight tau
... neurons into the extracellular space in an activity-dependent manner17,18, supporting the idea that extracellular misfolded tau that is taken up by neurons may provide a platform for tau pathology spreading. Better understanding of the molecular basis of tau propagation is key to preventing progress ...
... neurons into the extracellular space in an activity-dependent manner17,18, supporting the idea that extracellular misfolded tau that is taken up by neurons may provide a platform for tau pathology spreading. Better understanding of the molecular basis of tau propagation is key to preventing progress ...
electrophysiological and synaptic properties of rat superior and
... using the rat IMG as a model of synaptic transmission to test the hypothesis that the safety factor (i.e., the tendency for a preganglionic action potential to evoke an action potential in a postganglionic neuron) is increased in DOCA-salt HT. Intracellular recordings of IMG neurons with concurrent ...
... using the rat IMG as a model of synaptic transmission to test the hypothesis that the safety factor (i.e., the tendency for a preganglionic action potential to evoke an action potential in a postganglionic neuron) is increased in DOCA-salt HT. Intracellular recordings of IMG neurons with concurrent ...