White matter tract alterations in fragile X
... et al., 1997]. Early anatomical examination of the fragile X brain found no abnormalities in gross neuropathological examinations [Rudelli et al., 1985; Hinton et al., 1991]. Histologic examinations, however, detected abnormalities in the dendritic structure and density, as well as immature synapses ...
... et al., 1997]. Early anatomical examination of the fragile X brain found no abnormalities in gross neuropathological examinations [Rudelli et al., 1985; Hinton et al., 1991]. Histologic examinations, however, detected abnormalities in the dendritic structure and density, as well as immature synapses ...
University of Birmingham Drosophila neurotrophins reveal a
... to target size [1]. Neurotrophins (NTs) are the major class of molecules promoting neuronal survival in vertebrates. They also control cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and they are required for axonal and dendritic elaborations, synaptic plasticity, excitability, and long-term potent ...
... to target size [1]. Neurotrophins (NTs) are the major class of molecules promoting neuronal survival in vertebrates. They also control cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and they are required for axonal and dendritic elaborations, synaptic plasticity, excitability, and long-term potent ...
Optimal Sizes of Dendritic and Axonal Arbors
... the anatomical data from retinal and cerebellar neurons whose morphology and connectivity are known. The rule may be used to infer connectivity of neurons from their morphology. ...
... the anatomical data from retinal and cerebellar neurons whose morphology and connectivity are known. The rule may be used to infer connectivity of neurons from their morphology. ...
Cross modality matching of brightness and loudness
... may have influenced the cortical response. Basic cross modality matching studies of brightness and loudness reveal that individuals tend to associate brighter lights with louder sounds and dimmer lights with softer sounds (Marks, 1987; McPherson, 1975; Stevens & Marks, 1965). Thus, the intensities o ...
... may have influenced the cortical response. Basic cross modality matching studies of brightness and loudness reveal that individuals tend to associate brighter lights with louder sounds and dimmer lights with softer sounds (Marks, 1987; McPherson, 1975; Stevens & Marks, 1965). Thus, the intensities o ...
Psilocybin Final Project-PDF
... • Well-ordered correlation state • Not much cross-linking between networks ...
... • Well-ordered correlation state • Not much cross-linking between networks ...
Prefrontal and parietal cortex mediate the interference
... but also when they were engaged in the shape task, in which duration information was not explicitly estimated. We analyzed the degree of adaptation to repetition of duration, as above, under conditions in which the participants were engaged in the shape task. In both experiment 1 and experiment 2, n ...
... but also when they were engaged in the shape task, in which duration information was not explicitly estimated. We analyzed the degree of adaptation to repetition of duration, as above, under conditions in which the participants were engaged in the shape task. In both experiment 1 and experiment 2, n ...
Supraspinal control of ejaculation
... Percentage of galanin cells that were Fos-ir after Home Cage, Anestrous Female, Mounts, M+I, 1 Ejac., 2 Ejacs ...
... Percentage of galanin cells that were Fos-ir after Home Cage, Anestrous Female, Mounts, M+I, 1 Ejac., 2 Ejacs ...
Time course of post-traumatic mitochondrial oxidative damage and
... 20 mmol/L HEPES at pH 7.2) and allowed to equilibrate for 1 min. This was followed by the addition of complex-I substrates, 5 mmol/L pyruvate and 2.5 mmol/L malate, to monitor state II respiratory rate. Two boluses of 150 mmol/ ...
... 20 mmol/L HEPES at pH 7.2) and allowed to equilibrate for 1 min. This was followed by the addition of complex-I substrates, 5 mmol/L pyruvate and 2.5 mmol/L malate, to monitor state II respiratory rate. Two boluses of 150 mmol/ ...
chapter 12. schizophrenia 12.4 schizophrenia
... incomplete penetrance. One very real possibility is that there are many genes of minor effect. Such genes are difficult to detect using traditional linkage approaches. A triggering role for the environment in those with a genetic predisposition has also been hypothesized. While genetic modeling has ...
... incomplete penetrance. One very real possibility is that there are many genes of minor effect. Such genes are difficult to detect using traditional linkage approaches. A triggering role for the environment in those with a genetic predisposition has also been hypothesized. While genetic modeling has ...
Here - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience
... when navigating toward an unseen goal. To solve such tasks, we must rely on internal representations of object locations within their environment. Here we attempt to develop a model of the uses of these internal representations in spatial memory, incorporating data from single-unit recording systems ...
... when navigating toward an unseen goal. To solve such tasks, we must rely on internal representations of object locations within their environment. Here we attempt to develop a model of the uses of these internal representations in spatial memory, incorporating data from single-unit recording systems ...
Hypothesizing that, A Pro-Dopamine Regulator (KB220Z) Should
... of glutamatergic activity can also be a lengthy process because of dopamine’s ability to control long-term excitatory synaptic plasticity. Physiologically, dopamine is at least partly colocalized with glutamate, and hence, these afferents are capable of inducing fast changes in membrane conductance ...
... of glutamatergic activity can also be a lengthy process because of dopamine’s ability to control long-term excitatory synaptic plasticity. Physiologically, dopamine is at least partly colocalized with glutamate, and hence, these afferents are capable of inducing fast changes in membrane conductance ...
FREE Sample Here
... A) The nervous system depends on a balance between neural excitation and inhibition to function effectively. B) Excitatory effects make an action potential more likely to occur, whereas inhibitory effects make action potentials less likely to occur. C) All neurotransmitters have both excitatory and ...
... A) The nervous system depends on a balance between neural excitation and inhibition to function effectively. B) Excitatory effects make an action potential more likely to occur, whereas inhibitory effects make action potentials less likely to occur. C) All neurotransmitters have both excitatory and ...
PDF Document
... ing broad areas of illumination. Opsin expression over long distances may be required because of the trials that use viral vectors to deliver othlength of axons in the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. Outside of the spinal cord and brain, the er types of therapeutic genes are under immune ...
... ing broad areas of illumination. Opsin expression over long distances may be required because of the trials that use viral vectors to deliver othlength of axons in the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. Outside of the spinal cord and brain, the er types of therapeutic genes are under immune ...
Article 5 - Graduate Program in Neuroscience | UBC
... which were related to specific aspects of rewards. These activations may represent the neuronal substrates of rewards during learning and established behavioral performance. The processing of reward expectations suggests an access to central representations of rewards which may be used for the neuro ...
... which were related to specific aspects of rewards. These activations may represent the neuronal substrates of rewards during learning and established behavioral performance. The processing of reward expectations suggests an access to central representations of rewards which may be used for the neuro ...
Neural crest cells and axonal specificity
... specific places in the embryo. They both have to recognize cues to begin this migration, and they both have to respond to signals that guide them along specific routes to their final destination. Recent research has discovered that many of the signals recognized by the neural crest cells and by the ...
... specific places in the embryo. They both have to recognize cues to begin this migration, and they both have to respond to signals that guide them along specific routes to their final destination. Recent research has discovered that many of the signals recognized by the neural crest cells and by the ...
Dopaminergic Transmission and Wake
... reuptake of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin into nerve terminals. In addition, amphetamines affect the transport of monamines into synaptic vesicles. The development of radioligands for DAT led to studies which showed that the binding affinity of cocaine and amphetamine for DAT correlate well w ...
... reuptake of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin into nerve terminals. In addition, amphetamines affect the transport of monamines into synaptic vesicles. The development of radioligands for DAT led to studies which showed that the binding affinity of cocaine and amphetamine for DAT correlate well w ...
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Mediates Activity
... were kept outside the incubator for ⬍1 hr per session. This imaging protocol was found not to cause any apparent ill effects to the imaged neurons or the slice culture, because most neurons remained viable and exhibited the same general dendritic morphology when imaged again 5 or 10 d later (see Fig ...
... were kept outside the incubator for ⬍1 hr per session. This imaging protocol was found not to cause any apparent ill effects to the imaged neurons or the slice culture, because most neurons remained viable and exhibited the same general dendritic morphology when imaged again 5 or 10 d later (see Fig ...
The Medial Frontal Cortex and the Rapid Processing of Monetary
... the ACC and nearby cortical areas generate the ERN (15–18). The design of our study, however, allowed us to demonstrate that the MFN did not reflect error detection. A loss of 5, when the unchosen alternative was a loss of 25, actually corresponded to the “correct” choice; it was the better of the t ...
... the ACC and nearby cortical areas generate the ERN (15–18). The design of our study, however, allowed us to demonstrate that the MFN did not reflect error detection. A loss of 5, when the unchosen alternative was a loss of 25, actually corresponded to the “correct” choice; it was the better of the t ...
Synaptic pathways and inhibitory gates in the spinal cord dorsal horn
... touch sensitive afferent input and projection neurons in lamina I that normally transmits information about noxious stimuli to higher centers in the CNS. Evidence that peripheral nerve injury causes a disruption of inhibition was subsequently demonstrated and shown to be, at least in part, due to a ...
... touch sensitive afferent input and projection neurons in lamina I that normally transmits information about noxious stimuli to higher centers in the CNS. Evidence that peripheral nerve injury causes a disruption of inhibition was subsequently demonstrated and shown to be, at least in part, due to a ...
Dopamine in Schizophrenia
... Solomon 1984) but not stereotypy (mediated primarily by the mesostriatal DA system; Staton and Solomon 1984). In addition, Fos immunohistochemistry studies have shown that the NAC might be the common site of action of all APDs (Deutch et al. 1992; Robertson and Fibiger 1992). These findings have led ...
... Solomon 1984) but not stereotypy (mediated primarily by the mesostriatal DA system; Staton and Solomon 1984). In addition, Fos immunohistochemistry studies have shown that the NAC might be the common site of action of all APDs (Deutch et al. 1992; Robertson and Fibiger 1992). These findings have led ...
Lights, Camembert, Action! - Human Reward and Decision Making lab
... behavioral responses are appropriate when anticipating a rewarding or punishing event than when experiencing it. If stimulus substitution were to be the only mechanism in place then a CS would be indistinguishable from the UCS from the point of view of the animal. Thus, a light cue predicting food w ...
... behavioral responses are appropriate when anticipating a rewarding or punishing event than when experiencing it. If stimulus substitution were to be the only mechanism in place then a CS would be indistinguishable from the UCS from the point of view of the animal. Thus, a light cue predicting food w ...
Cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal
... NOT-DTN comes from MT (Distler and Hoffmann, 2001). The aim of the present investigation was to determine the relative contributions of MT and MST to the cortical projections to NOT-DTN and DLPN and whether the same individual neurons provide input to both targets. In addition, we investigated wheth ...
... NOT-DTN comes from MT (Distler and Hoffmann, 2001). The aim of the present investigation was to determine the relative contributions of MT and MST to the cortical projections to NOT-DTN and DLPN and whether the same individual neurons provide input to both targets. In addition, we investigated wheth ...
Gee JNeuro 2012 - Stanford University
... dysfunction in conditions such as schizophrenia. Here we report that in mouse PFC, D2Rs are selectively expressed by a subtype of layer V pyramidal neurons that have thick apical tufts, prominent h-current, and subcortical projections. Within this subpopulation, the D2R agonist quinpirole elicits a ...
... dysfunction in conditions such as schizophrenia. Here we report that in mouse PFC, D2Rs are selectively expressed by a subtype of layer V pyramidal neurons that have thick apical tufts, prominent h-current, and subcortical projections. Within this subpopulation, the D2R agonist quinpirole elicits a ...
Differential effects of nicotine on the activity of substantia nigra and
... Grenhoff et al. 1986, Mereu et al. 1987) and in vitro (Calabresi et al. 1989, Grillner and Svensson 2000, Pidoplichko et al. 1997, Sorenson et al. 1998, Yin and French 2000), and enhances dopamine release from striatal nerve terminals (Blaha and Winn 1993, Blaha et al. 1996, Nisell et al. 1994a,b). ...
... Grenhoff et al. 1986, Mereu et al. 1987) and in vitro (Calabresi et al. 1989, Grillner and Svensson 2000, Pidoplichko et al. 1997, Sorenson et al. 1998, Yin and French 2000), and enhances dopamine release from striatal nerve terminals (Blaha and Winn 1993, Blaha et al. 1996, Nisell et al. 1994a,b). ...
Septins promote dendrite and axon development by negatively
... and multifunctional system of septins. We hypothesized that either local gene disruption or local acute depletion of a pivotal septin subunit from postmitotic, sprouting neurons might reveal a phenotype that is otherwise masked. A reasonable strategy would be to probe neuritogenesis in the developin ...
... and multifunctional system of septins. We hypothesized that either local gene disruption or local acute depletion of a pivotal septin subunit from postmitotic, sprouting neurons might reveal a phenotype that is otherwise masked. A reasonable strategy would be to probe neuritogenesis in the developin ...