Novel approaches to explore mechanisms of
... highly debilitating. Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of the disorder in adults, arising in the hippocampus, cannot be effectively treated by current pharmaceuticals. Novel treatment strategies are highly needed, as well as increased understanding of the hippoc ...
... highly debilitating. Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of the disorder in adults, arising in the hippocampus, cannot be effectively treated by current pharmaceuticals. Novel treatment strategies are highly needed, as well as increased understanding of the hippoc ...
Septins promote dendrite and axon development by negatively
... and multifunctional system of septins. We hypothesized that either local gene disruption or local acute depletion of a pivotal septin subunit from postmitotic, sprouting neurons might reveal a phenotype that is otherwise masked. A reasonable strategy would be to probe neuritogenesis in the developin ...
... and multifunctional system of septins. We hypothesized that either local gene disruption or local acute depletion of a pivotal septin subunit from postmitotic, sprouting neurons might reveal a phenotype that is otherwise masked. A reasonable strategy would be to probe neuritogenesis in the developin ...
Visual Motion-Detection Circuits in Flies: Small
... Ramon y Cajal’s (1937) reference to the “exquisite adjustment” of the insect optic lobes reflected his conclusion that, of all the systems he had encountered, the insect visual pathways were the most structurally complex. The reason Ramon y Cajal gave was that insect optic lobes contain so many diff ...
... Ramon y Cajal’s (1937) reference to the “exquisite adjustment” of the insect optic lobes reflected his conclusion that, of all the systems he had encountered, the insect visual pathways were the most structurally complex. The reason Ramon y Cajal gave was that insect optic lobes contain so many diff ...
A Monosynaptic GABAergic Input from the Inferior Colliculus to the
... inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in morphologically identified thalamocortical relay neurons. The inhibitory potentials cannot ...
... inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in morphologically identified thalamocortical relay neurons. The inhibitory potentials cannot ...
Non-coding-regulatory regions of human brain genes delineated by
... hippocampus, and claustrum has also been detected during development [21]. In adult rodent brain, Maoa transcription is detected in neurons populating the cerebral cortices, the hippocampal formation (HPF), and the cerebellar granule cell layer [22]. Maoa knockout models implicate this gene as a reg ...
... hippocampus, and claustrum has also been detected during development [21]. In adult rodent brain, Maoa transcription is detected in neurons populating the cerebral cortices, the hippocampal formation (HPF), and the cerebellar granule cell layer [22]. Maoa knockout models implicate this gene as a reg ...
Visual and presaccadic activity in area 8Ar of the macaque monkey
... retinotopically organized receptive and movement fields exhibiting a Gaussian shape and ...
... retinotopically organized receptive and movement fields exhibiting a Gaussian shape and ...
Changes in Intracellular pH Associated with Glutamate Excitotoxicity
... However, other experiments have questioned the sole involvement of calcium, sinceneuronal death can occur without large deviations in [Ca*+], and high potassium or cyanide induced increasesin [Ca*+], do not produce toxicity (Michaels and Rothman, 1990; Dubinsky and Rothman, 1991). Intracellular acid ...
... However, other experiments have questioned the sole involvement of calcium, sinceneuronal death can occur without large deviations in [Ca*+], and high potassium or cyanide induced increasesin [Ca*+], do not produce toxicity (Michaels and Rothman, 1990; Dubinsky and Rothman, 1991). Intracellular acid ...
Behavioral verification of associative learning in whisker
... respiration and eye movements (Misslin 2003). Differences in the level of freezing during CS presentations are used to infer alterations in the acquisition or expression of CS fear. Many reports suggest that fear conditioning is a direct function of the intensity of the UCS. For example, Morris and ...
... respiration and eye movements (Misslin 2003). Differences in the level of freezing during CS presentations are used to infer alterations in the acquisition or expression of CS fear. Many reports suggest that fear conditioning is a direct function of the intensity of the UCS. For example, Morris and ...
FREE Sample Here
... 7. While some axons are short – only thousandths of an inch long – others can be up to __________ in length. a) one foot b) one meter Correct. Some axons can be long enough to reach from the brain to the very end of the spinal cord. c) six feet d) one mile Incorrect. Though there are some body parts ...
... 7. While some axons are short – only thousandths of an inch long – others can be up to __________ in length. a) one foot b) one meter Correct. Some axons can be long enough to reach from the brain to the very end of the spinal cord. c) six feet d) one mile Incorrect. Though there are some body parts ...
Neural Effects of Positive and Negative Incentives during
... symptoms between 2–6 days from day of last use [29], MJ users were asked to abstain from marijuana use for 72-hours prior to the experiment to maximize withdrawal symptoms while minimizing attrition. To verify abstinence, we used a bogus pipeline similar to other reported studies11, during which a u ...
... symptoms between 2–6 days from day of last use [29], MJ users were asked to abstain from marijuana use for 72-hours prior to the experiment to maximize withdrawal symptoms while minimizing attrition. To verify abstinence, we used a bogus pipeline similar to other reported studies11, during which a u ...
Effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow
... Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil; 4Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, UK; 5Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil ...
... Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil; 4Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, UK; 5Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil ...
APPSWE Microinjected Mouse Model
... α-synuclein characterizes a variant of AD, known as Lewy body variant (as well as Parkinson’s disease), in which tau tangles are minimal or lacking.24 Gender differences exist in some aspects of transgenic mouse physiology and behavior. Both male and female transgenic mice accumulate plaques with ag ...
... α-synuclein characterizes a variant of AD, known as Lewy body variant (as well as Parkinson’s disease), in which tau tangles are minimal or lacking.24 Gender differences exist in some aspects of transgenic mouse physiology and behavior. Both male and female transgenic mice accumulate plaques with ag ...
Cortical Motor Organization, Mirror Neurons, and
... as to a fundamental tool for our knowledge of the world, for many years, this system was mainly considered in its executive aspects, such as, for example, movement parameters (Evarts 1968; Georgopoulos et al. 1982), or, at most, motor preparation (Weinrich et al. 1984). Interestingly, however, some ...
... as to a fundamental tool for our knowledge of the world, for many years, this system was mainly considered in its executive aspects, such as, for example, movement parameters (Evarts 1968; Georgopoulos et al. 1982), or, at most, motor preparation (Weinrich et al. 1984). Interestingly, however, some ...
Transgenic mice overexpressing the full
... TgNTRK3 per line and 7 wild type mice) with the aid of CASTGRID software package adapted to an OLYMPUS BX51 microscope (Olympus, Denmark), through the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and pars reticulata (SNr) (Bregma − 2.46 mm to − 4.04 mm) and LC (Bregma − 5.34 mm to − 5.8 mm) according to the ...
... TgNTRK3 per line and 7 wild type mice) with the aid of CASTGRID software package adapted to an OLYMPUS BX51 microscope (Olympus, Denmark), through the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and pars reticulata (SNr) (Bregma − 2.46 mm to − 4.04 mm) and LC (Bregma − 5.34 mm to − 5.8 mm) according to the ...
Central Neuropeptide Y Signaling Ameliorates N
... Experiment 2: Effect of NPY and the Y1 Receptor Antagonist BIBP3226 on Pressor Response to L-NAME in the 2 Strains of Rats A chronic cannula was implanted into the lateral cerebral ventricle (intracerebroventricularly) in an anesthetized rat using a Kopf stereotaxic apparatus according to procedures ...
... Experiment 2: Effect of NPY and the Y1 Receptor Antagonist BIBP3226 on Pressor Response to L-NAME in the 2 Strains of Rats A chronic cannula was implanted into the lateral cerebral ventricle (intracerebroventricularly) in an anesthetized rat using a Kopf stereotaxic apparatus according to procedures ...
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... manner (114, 246). The dorsal part of the LPFC projects preferentially to the dorsal and central part of the caudate nucleus, and the ventral part projects to the ventral and central caudate nucleus (293). A topographic connection has been reported in projections from the orbital and medial PFC. The ...
... manner (114, 246). The dorsal part of the LPFC projects preferentially to the dorsal and central part of the caudate nucleus, and the ventral part projects to the ventral and central caudate nucleus (293). A topographic connection has been reported in projections from the orbital and medial PFC. The ...
Title Modulation of Conditioned Fear, Fear
... amygdala (BLA) is involved in pain, fear and fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-BLA administration of the GABA A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the expression of conditioned-fear, formalin-evoked nociception and fearconditioned analgesia in rats, an ...
... amygdala (BLA) is involved in pain, fear and fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-BLA administration of the GABA A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the expression of conditioned-fear, formalin-evoked nociception and fearconditioned analgesia in rats, an ...
Descending Pathways in Motor Control
... a pathway in a selective manner that allows additional insight into function. Unfortunately, a completed checklist of all these features is still not available for any of the major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of ea ...
... a pathway in a selective manner that allows additional insight into function. Unfortunately, a completed checklist of all these features is still not available for any of the major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of ea ...
Neural effects of positive and negative incentives during marijuana
... symptoms between 2–6 days from day of last use [29], MJ users were asked to abstain from marijuana use for 72-hours prior to the experiment to maximize withdrawal symptoms while minimizing attrition. To verify abstinence, we used a bogus pipeline similar to other reported studies11, during which a u ...
... symptoms between 2–6 days from day of last use [29], MJ users were asked to abstain from marijuana use for 72-hours prior to the experiment to maximize withdrawal symptoms while minimizing attrition. To verify abstinence, we used a bogus pipeline similar to other reported studies11, during which a u ...
Gating of Sensory Input by Spontaneous Cortical Activity
... The activity of neural populations is determined not only by sensory inputs but also by internally generated patterns. During quiet wakefulness, the brain produces spontaneous firing events that can spread over large areas of cortex and have been suggested to underlie processes such as memory recall ...
... The activity of neural populations is determined not only by sensory inputs but also by internally generated patterns. During quiet wakefulness, the brain produces spontaneous firing events that can spread over large areas of cortex and have been suggested to underlie processes such as memory recall ...
Reward and punishment act as distinct factors in guiding behavior
... the left Command key with their left index finger if they heard more clicks in the left ear and to press the right Command key with their right index finger if they heard more clicks in the right ear. In the second block of 300 trials, this instructed contingency was reversed. We found similar resul ...
... the left Command key with their left index finger if they heard more clicks in the left ear and to press the right Command key with their right index finger if they heard more clicks in the right ear. In the second block of 300 trials, this instructed contingency was reversed. We found similar resul ...
Sònia Najas Sales Role of DYRK1A in the development of Syndrome
... neurogenesis in the mBACtgDyrk1a model was associated to defects in cell cycle parameters. By performing genetic rescue experiments, I was able to demonstrate that Dyrk1a is the triplicated gene that is causing the neurogenic defects in the dorsal telencephalon of Ts65Dn embryos. I have also studied ...
... neurogenesis in the mBACtgDyrk1a model was associated to defects in cell cycle parameters. By performing genetic rescue experiments, I was able to demonstrate that Dyrk1a is the triplicated gene that is causing the neurogenic defects in the dorsal telencephalon of Ts65Dn embryos. I have also studied ...
Cerebral cortex and the clinical expression of
... a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which we have found to occur early and to be topographically selective. What is less clear, however, is how these ch ...
... a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which we have found to occur early and to be topographically selective. What is less clear, however, is how these ch ...
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials
... used. Hyperthermia has unclear effects on BAEP waveforms. Numerous toxins and medications affect BAEPs. Ethanol intoxication prolongs both absolute and interpeak latencies without affecting amplitude; ethanol withdrawal has unclear effects. Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, chloral hydrate, and most an ...
... used. Hyperthermia has unclear effects on BAEP waveforms. Numerous toxins and medications affect BAEPs. Ethanol intoxication prolongs both absolute and interpeak latencies without affecting amplitude; ethanol withdrawal has unclear effects. Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, chloral hydrate, and most an ...