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... Our goal is to identify features of auditory cortical organization that are common, and unique, to each taxonomic group. In recent years we have developed a model of auditory cortical organization in nonhuman primates based on a wide range of anatomical and physiological findings (Hackett et al., 19 ...
... Our goal is to identify features of auditory cortical organization that are common, and unique, to each taxonomic group. In recent years we have developed a model of auditory cortical organization in nonhuman primates based on a wide range of anatomical and physiological findings (Hackett et al., 19 ...
1 OSCILLATORY ENTRAINMENT OF THALAMIC NEURONS BY
... For the simultaneous LFP recordings of small- and large-diameter electrodes, we added large- ...
... For the simultaneous LFP recordings of small- and large-diameter electrodes, we added large- ...
2906_lect8
... Study of stereoisomers Molecules that are mirror-image rotations of one another; although they contain the same atoms, they can smell completely different Vibration theory cannot explain this phenomenon ...
... Study of stereoisomers Molecules that are mirror-image rotations of one another; although they contain the same atoms, they can smell completely different Vibration theory cannot explain this phenomenon ...
Playing the electric light orchestra—how electrical stimulation of
... such as amblyopia, blindness and visual hallucinations. Prominent methods currently used to investigate the function of visual cortex are often correlational and include neuroimaging, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electrophysiological techniques, such as single cell neuro ...
... such as amblyopia, blindness and visual hallucinations. Prominent methods currently used to investigate the function of visual cortex are often correlational and include neuroimaging, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electrophysiological techniques, such as single cell neuro ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroscience
... through a differential preamplifier (Plexon, PBX2/16sp-r-G50/16fpG50), where single-unit signals were amplified 50⫻ and filtered at 150 – 9000 Hz. The single-unit signals were then sent to the Multichannel Acquisition Processor box, where they were further filtered at 250 – 8000 Hz, digitized at 40 ...
... through a differential preamplifier (Plexon, PBX2/16sp-r-G50/16fpG50), where single-unit signals were amplified 50⫻ and filtered at 150 – 9000 Hz. The single-unit signals were then sent to the Multichannel Acquisition Processor box, where they were further filtered at 250 – 8000 Hz, digitized at 40 ...
Effects of insulin under normal and low glucose on retinal
... Results. Insulin failed to affect retinal signals at normal glucose levels. However, insulin enhanced the low glucose-induced decrease in rod-driven b-wave amplitude (P < 0.05 at 2 mM; P < 0.01 at 1 mM) without affecting the corresponding changes in the optic nerve response. The standing potential i ...
... Results. Insulin failed to affect retinal signals at normal glucose levels. However, insulin enhanced the low glucose-induced decrease in rod-driven b-wave amplitude (P < 0.05 at 2 mM; P < 0.01 at 1 mM) without affecting the corresponding changes in the optic nerve response. The standing potential i ...
Topography of Visual Cortex Connections with Frontal Eye Field in
... are involved in orienting responses to peripheral visual as well as to acoustic stimuli and therefore are more closely related to spatial vision. This study examined the pattern of connections of frontal eye field (FEF) and surrounding prefrontal cortex with extrastriate visual areas and other postc ...
... are involved in orienting responses to peripheral visual as well as to acoustic stimuli and therefore are more closely related to spatial vision. This study examined the pattern of connections of frontal eye field (FEF) and surrounding prefrontal cortex with extrastriate visual areas and other postc ...
Loss of TDP-43 causes age-dependent progressive motor neuron
... of knockout of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 in mouse postnatal motor neurons using Cre/loxp system. These mice developed progressive weight loss and motor impairment around the age of 60 weeks, and exhibited degeneration of large motor axon, grouped atrophy of the skeletal muscle, and ...
... of knockout of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 in mouse postnatal motor neurons using Cre/loxp system. These mice developed progressive weight loss and motor impairment around the age of 60 weeks, and exhibited degeneration of large motor axon, grouped atrophy of the skeletal muscle, and ...
Section Summary
... Physiological Regulatory Mechanisms: Drinking Two Types of Thirst • Our bodies lose water continuously, primarily through evaporation. • Each breath exposes the moist inner surfaces of the respiratory system to the air; thus, each breath causes the loss of a small amount of water. • In addition, ou ...
... Physiological Regulatory Mechanisms: Drinking Two Types of Thirst • Our bodies lose water continuously, primarily through evaporation. • Each breath exposes the moist inner surfaces of the respiratory system to the air; thus, each breath causes the loss of a small amount of water. • In addition, ou ...
Alterations to multisensory and unisensory integration by stimulus
... to rapidly detect, localize, and orient toward biologically relevant events. The superior colliculus (SC) plays a key role in this task by translating sensory signals into the motor commands required for orienting the eyes, ears, and head toward salient visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli as well ...
... to rapidly detect, localize, and orient toward biologically relevant events. The superior colliculus (SC) plays a key role in this task by translating sensory signals into the motor commands required for orienting the eyes, ears, and head toward salient visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli as well ...
Serotonin modulates responses to species
... recordings were made. The loudspeaker was either a 1/ 4 inch Brüel & Kjaer (B&K) microphone biased with 200 V DC and driven as a loudspeaker, or a custom made loudspeaker (Schuller 1997). The B&K loudspeaker was flat within ±5 dB from 18 kHz to at least 60 kHz and the custom made loudspeaker was flat ...
... recordings were made. The loudspeaker was either a 1/ 4 inch Brüel & Kjaer (B&K) microphone biased with 200 V DC and driven as a loudspeaker, or a custom made loudspeaker (Schuller 1997). The B&K loudspeaker was flat within ±5 dB from 18 kHz to at least 60 kHz and the custom made loudspeaker was flat ...
Afferent Input to Nucleus Submedius in Rats
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
PLoS ONE-3
... the incidence for schizophrenia has also been shown to be high in rural areas in India that have high natural background radiation [5]. Taken together, the findings suggest that ionizing radiation may be an environmental trigger that can actualize a predisposition to schizophrenia or indeed cause sc ...
... the incidence for schizophrenia has also been shown to be high in rural areas in India that have high natural background radiation [5]. Taken together, the findings suggest that ionizing radiation may be an environmental trigger that can actualize a predisposition to schizophrenia or indeed cause sc ...
The thalamus as a putative biomarker in neurodegenerative disorders
... defining the boundaries of the thalamus are as follows: the third ventricle serves as the medial boundary, and the internal capsule separates the thalamus from the basal ganglia laterally; superiorly the thalamus is bound by the lateral ventricle, and inferiorly a number of distinctive structures a ...
... defining the boundaries of the thalamus are as follows: the third ventricle serves as the medial boundary, and the internal capsule separates the thalamus from the basal ganglia laterally; superiorly the thalamus is bound by the lateral ventricle, and inferiorly a number of distinctive structures a ...
Medial Prefrontal Cortices Are Unified by Common Connections With Superior
... the medial prefrontal region. We addressed the following questions: Do cortical areas associated with mnemonic ...
... the medial prefrontal region. We addressed the following questions: Do cortical areas associated with mnemonic ...
Glycolytic Enzymes Localize to Synapses under Energy Stress to
... that alter the metabolic state of the brain, such as hypoxia, starvation, and hypoglycemia, have profound effects on synaptic transmission and cognitive function (Cherubini et al., 1989; Gold et al., 1995). Even brief interruptions of activity-stimulated ATP synthesis can result in severe impairment ...
... that alter the metabolic state of the brain, such as hypoxia, starvation, and hypoglycemia, have profound effects on synaptic transmission and cognitive function (Cherubini et al., 1989; Gold et al., 1995). Even brief interruptions of activity-stimulated ATP synthesis can result in severe impairment ...
Topographically Specific Hippocampal Projections Target Functionally Distinct Prefrontal Areas in the
... CA1’ and CA1 fields rostrally, but originated in the subicular fields caudally. In contrast, labeled neurons which innervated orbital cortices were considerably more focal, emanating from the same relative position within a field throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the hippocampal formation. In ma ...
... CA1’ and CA1 fields rostrally, but originated in the subicular fields caudally. In contrast, labeled neurons which innervated orbital cortices were considerably more focal, emanating from the same relative position within a field throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the hippocampal formation. In ma ...
MAP2 and Tau Segregate into Dendritic and Axonal Domains After
... entire extent of the neurite. During this transformation period there were occasional axon-like neurites that contained MAP2 immunoreactivity proximally, while tau immunoreactivity extended over the entire length of the neurite. We conclude that neurons in culture are able to compartmentalize MAP2 a ...
... entire extent of the neurite. During this transformation period there were occasional axon-like neurites that contained MAP2 immunoreactivity proximally, while tau immunoreactivity extended over the entire length of the neurite. We conclude that neurons in culture are able to compartmentalize MAP2 a ...
Test Bank 1
... Skill: F 3. In regards to the brain, the term “plasticity” refers to ________. a. easily broken or “cracked” b. ability to adapt to new conditions Correct: When one part of the brain adapts and adjusts to the deficits caused by problems with another part of the brain, this is known as plasticity. c. ...
... Skill: F 3. In regards to the brain, the term “plasticity” refers to ________. a. easily broken or “cracked” b. ability to adapt to new conditions Correct: When one part of the brain adapts and adjusts to the deficits caused by problems with another part of the brain, this is known as plasticity. c. ...
Neurobiological Mechanisms of the Placebo Effect
... electrodes for deep brain stimulation (DBS). In fact, by analyzing the effect of subthalamic stimulation on the velocity of movement of the right-hand, the hand movement was found to be faster when the patients expected a good motor performance. These effects occurred within minutes, suggesting that ...
... electrodes for deep brain stimulation (DBS). In fact, by analyzing the effect of subthalamic stimulation on the velocity of movement of the right-hand, the hand movement was found to be faster when the patients expected a good motor performance. These effects occurred within minutes, suggesting that ...
Muscle tone regulation during REM sleep
... vlPAG-LPT and SLD in rats (Lu et al., 2006). As the vlPAG-LPT GABAergic neurons project to the cLDT-SLD, and GABAergic neurons in the cLDTSLD express cFos following enhanced REM sleep, we proposed that these two neuronal populations inhibit each other, and that this mutual inhibition produces state ...
... vlPAG-LPT and SLD in rats (Lu et al., 2006). As the vlPAG-LPT GABAergic neurons project to the cLDT-SLD, and GABAergic neurons in the cLDTSLD express cFos following enhanced REM sleep, we proposed that these two neuronal populations inhibit each other, and that this mutual inhibition produces state ...
Essentials in the neuronal organization of the CNS
... of the form, location and connectivity of the neurons in the brain and in the spinal cord, neurological diagnosis would be impossible. Excellent textbooks are available for students studying in the English language courses. Depending on the orientation of the authors, these descriptions are of vario ...
... of the form, location and connectivity of the neurons in the brain and in the spinal cord, neurological diagnosis would be impossible. Excellent textbooks are available for students studying in the English language courses. Depending on the orientation of the authors, these descriptions are of vario ...
The Olfactory Sensory Map in Drosophila
... discrete dimensions of the external world. For example, the visual system uses retinotopic mapping to organize the field of view in the lateral geniculate nucleus, such that there is an orderly repre‑ sentation of the visual field in the brain.1 The somatosensory system uses somatotopic mapping to p ...
... discrete dimensions of the external world. For example, the visual system uses retinotopic mapping to organize the field of view in the lateral geniculate nucleus, such that there is an orderly repre‑ sentation of the visual field in the brain.1 The somatosensory system uses somatotopic mapping to p ...
Experimental heart failure causes depression
... artery, including anhedonia (i.e., decreased sucrose intake) and behavioral despair (i.e., increased immobility in the forced swim test); both could be reversed by antidepressant treatment (Wann et al., 2007, 2009; Bah et al., 2011). However, these studies lack long term observation and might have b ...
... artery, including anhedonia (i.e., decreased sucrose intake) and behavioral despair (i.e., increased immobility in the forced swim test); both could be reversed by antidepressant treatment (Wann et al., 2007, 2009; Bah et al., 2011). However, these studies lack long term observation and might have b ...
Topographic Maps in Human Frontal Cortex Revealed in Memory
... directions and memorized locations predominantly in the contralateral hemifield with neighboring saccade directions and memorized locations represented in adjacent locations of the map. Particular saccade directions or memorized locations were often represented in multiple locations of the map. The ...
... directions and memorized locations predominantly in the contralateral hemifield with neighboring saccade directions and memorized locations represented in adjacent locations of the map. Particular saccade directions or memorized locations were often represented in multiple locations of the map. The ...