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Johnson and Hartson 2009 host variation
... relative size, habitat preferences, or behaviour of larval amphibians may also influence the level of infection, as smaller or more active species represent difficult targets for trematode cercariae (Thiemann & Wassersug 2000; Taylor, Oseen & Wassersug 2004; Koprivnikar, Baker & Forbes 2006). Finall ...
... relative size, habitat preferences, or behaviour of larval amphibians may also influence the level of infection, as smaller or more active species represent difficult targets for trematode cercariae (Thiemann & Wassersug 2000; Taylor, Oseen & Wassersug 2004; Koprivnikar, Baker & Forbes 2006). Finall ...
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... earthworms require C and N and these were obtained from litter, grit and microbes 15. Even among the microbes only few were preferentially ingested while others were rejected. The role of microbes and earthworms in decompositions of organic matter and particularly, in humification is well known7, 15 ...
... earthworms require C and N and these were obtained from litter, grit and microbes 15. Even among the microbes only few were preferentially ingested while others were rejected. The role of microbes and earthworms in decompositions of organic matter and particularly, in humification is well known7, 15 ...
L E T T E R
... above, we also tested for the effects of plant diversity on the temporal stability in abundances of the total number of individuals in each plot, summed across all species within a trophic group. Dependent variables for total abundances were the same as in the analysis of individual populations. In ...
... above, we also tested for the effects of plant diversity on the temporal stability in abundances of the total number of individuals in each plot, summed across all species within a trophic group. Dependent variables for total abundances were the same as in the analysis of individual populations. In ...
bakersfield cactus - Bakersfield Habitat Conservation Plan
... populations of the cactus. They have seen firsthand the damage caused by dumping, trespassing and offroad vehicle use. Because almost all of the known sites are on private land, the couple would like to see more protection to make up with what has been lost. “We have both devoted our careers to the ...
... populations of the cactus. They have seen firsthand the damage caused by dumping, trespassing and offroad vehicle use. Because almost all of the known sites are on private land, the couple would like to see more protection to make up with what has been lost. “We have both devoted our careers to the ...
Effects of disturbance by Siberian marmots (Marmota sibirica) on
... Mongolia (Zahler et al. 2004); however, little is known about some of its ecological roles; in particular in creating spatial heterogeneity at the landscape scale. The types of vegetation that grow on the mounds created by Siberian marmots can differ greatly from that on the surrounding, comparative ...
... Mongolia (Zahler et al. 2004); however, little is known about some of its ecological roles; in particular in creating spatial heterogeneity at the landscape scale. The types of vegetation that grow on the mounds created by Siberian marmots can differ greatly from that on the surrounding, comparative ...
White Box Yellow Box Blakely`s Red Gum
... remnants with a full range of flora and fauna species are very rare. For example, in the Holbrook area, woodlands have been reduced to less than 7% of the pre-European extant. In the NSW South West Slopes less than 4% remains and in the Central Lachlan Region, less than 1% remains. Although large ar ...
... remnants with a full range of flora and fauna species are very rare. For example, in the Holbrook area, woodlands have been reduced to less than 7% of the pre-European extant. In the NSW South West Slopes less than 4% remains and in the Central Lachlan Region, less than 1% remains. Although large ar ...
use intensity affects orthopteran communities
... 0.6 m), which is an aluminum frame covered Materials and Methods with gauze and is quickly placed on an area to prevent insects from fleeing from the area before Study site The study was conducted within the framework capture. This method provides an assessment of of the Biodiversity Exploratories, ...
... 0.6 m), which is an aluminum frame covered Materials and Methods with gauze and is quickly placed on an area to prevent insects from fleeing from the area before Study site The study was conducted within the framework capture. This method provides an assessment of of the Biodiversity Exploratories, ...
Definitions of Biodiversity and Measures of Its Value
... A different situation arises when diversity enters into a more complicated objective. Consider a situation in which a consumer derives benefits from N goods. Suppose that production of the N goods is constrained by some resource or resources; one cannot enjoy unlimited quantities of each. We have de ...
... A different situation arises when diversity enters into a more complicated objective. Consider a situation in which a consumer derives benefits from N goods. Suppose that production of the N goods is constrained by some resource or resources; one cannot enjoy unlimited quantities of each. We have de ...
Species diversity patterns derived from species
... found to be statistically significant, may help formulate a new model. An example of the latter case is the theory of island biogeography, which helps us model species diversity at both the local and regional scales (Wu and Vankat 1991). No doubt, this interactive procedure has greatly enhanced our ...
... found to be statistically significant, may help formulate a new model. An example of the latter case is the theory of island biogeography, which helps us model species diversity at both the local and regional scales (Wu and Vankat 1991). No doubt, this interactive procedure has greatly enhanced our ...
Restoring Dipterocarp Rainforest Diversity
... consequence of human impact on forest lands", excluding both plantation forests and secondary forests resulting from natural disturbances. Box 1. Definitions of secondary forest and old-growth forest Secondary forest Forest with simple structure and low biodiversity that is dominated by tree species ...
... consequence of human impact on forest lands", excluding both plantation forests and secondary forests resulting from natural disturbances. Box 1. Definitions of secondary forest and old-growth forest Secondary forest Forest with simple structure and low biodiversity that is dominated by tree species ...
Allocation in High-Sea Fisheries
... WHY SO LITTLE PROGRESS? Little incentive for very large expenditure with krill fishery minimal given economic constraints ...
... WHY SO LITTLE PROGRESS? Little incentive for very large expenditure with krill fishery minimal given economic constraints ...
Conservation or Co-evolution? Intermediate Levels of Aboriginal
... hill kangaroo populations peak at intermediate levels of human disturbance, showing that in ecosystems characterized by long-term humanenvironmental interactions, humans can act as trophic mediators, resulting in patterns consistent with epiphenomenal conservation. Framing the question within this c ...
... hill kangaroo populations peak at intermediate levels of human disturbance, showing that in ecosystems characterized by long-term humanenvironmental interactions, humans can act as trophic mediators, resulting in patterns consistent with epiphenomenal conservation. Framing the question within this c ...
Discoveries of new mammal species and their
... morphologically distinct species found in previously poorly surveyed areas. The second, the result of using molecular genetic techniques, was discoveries that the geographic range of a well-known organism was actually the combined ranges of two or more cryptic species—one’s not easily recognized by ...
... morphologically distinct species found in previously poorly surveyed areas. The second, the result of using molecular genetic techniques, was discoveries that the geographic range of a well-known organism was actually the combined ranges of two or more cryptic species—one’s not easily recognized by ...
Species richness and evenness respond in a
... studies on organisms with divergent ecological and evolutionary backgrounds (Buzas and Hayek 1996; Bell 2000; Stirling and Wilsey 2001; Mouillot et al. 2005; Wilsey et al. 2005). Hill (1973) hypothesized that richness fundamentally regulates variation in evenness and diversity statistics. In this ca ...
... studies on organisms with divergent ecological and evolutionary backgrounds (Buzas and Hayek 1996; Bell 2000; Stirling and Wilsey 2001; Mouillot et al. 2005; Wilsey et al. 2005). Hill (1973) hypothesized that richness fundamentally regulates variation in evenness and diversity statistics. In this ca ...
Adaptive Radiation: The Interaction of Ecological Opportunity
... “Seeing this gradation and diversity of structure in one small, intimately related group of birds, one might really fancy that from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one species has been taken and modified for different ends” (Darwin 1845: 380). Since Darwin’s time, naturalists and e ...
... “Seeing this gradation and diversity of structure in one small, intimately related group of birds, one might really fancy that from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one species has been taken and modified for different ends” (Darwin 1845: 380). Since Darwin’s time, naturalists and e ...
Effects of prescribed fall burning on a wetland plant community, with
... other important ecological factors. Burning increased species diversity of plants, especially in the 2 wetter vegetation zones, but had no effect on species richness or on the proportion of native plant species. Wetland plant species responded to prescribed burning independently, and their response ...
... other important ecological factors. Burning increased species diversity of plants, especially in the 2 wetter vegetation zones, but had no effect on species richness or on the proportion of native plant species. Wetland plant species responded to prescribed burning independently, and their response ...
eco building in montenegro
... • The Government of Montenegro confirmed its commitment to the concept of sustainable development by adopting «Development of Montenegro as an ecological state» document in 2001 • After the World Sustainable Development Summit in Johannesburg in 2002, the Government of Montenegro adopted the decision ...
... • The Government of Montenegro confirmed its commitment to the concept of sustainable development by adopting «Development of Montenegro as an ecological state» document in 2001 • After the World Sustainable Development Summit in Johannesburg in 2002, the Government of Montenegro adopted the decision ...
Indirect effects of food web diversity and productivity on bacterial
... cultivation from Carolina Biological Supply, Burlington, NC) and 1·67 g l−1 soil, or 0·07 g l−1 protist pellet and 0·167 g l−1 soil. Soil came from an organic garden on the Rutgers University campus and was used to supplement the media with trace nutrients and minerals. Highproductivity and low-prod ...
... cultivation from Carolina Biological Supply, Burlington, NC) and 1·67 g l−1 soil, or 0·07 g l−1 protist pellet and 0·167 g l−1 soil. Soil came from an organic garden on the Rutgers University campus and was used to supplement the media with trace nutrients and minerals. Highproductivity and low-prod ...
Indirect effects of food web diversity and productivity
... cultivation from Carolina Biological Supply, Burlington, NC) and 1·67 g l−1 soil, or 0·07 g l−1 protist pellet and 0·167 g l−1 soil. Soil came from an organic garden on the Rutgers University campus and was used to supplement the media with trace nutrients and minerals. Highproductivity and low-prod ...
... cultivation from Carolina Biological Supply, Burlington, NC) and 1·67 g l−1 soil, or 0·07 g l−1 protist pellet and 0·167 g l−1 soil. Soil came from an organic garden on the Rutgers University campus and was used to supplement the media with trace nutrients and minerals. Highproductivity and low-prod ...
The angiosperm radiation revisited, an ecological explanation for
... Differences in fresh litter decay were found to have significant effects on soil nutrient mineralization rates. After 4 years, mineralization rates in garden plots that had been planted with monocultures of Molinia caerulea were almost twice as high as in the plots planted with dwarf shrubs (Berends ...
... Differences in fresh litter decay were found to have significant effects on soil nutrient mineralization rates. After 4 years, mineralization rates in garden plots that had been planted with monocultures of Molinia caerulea were almost twice as high as in the plots planted with dwarf shrubs (Berends ...
population dynamics and ecological processes in dendritic networks
... In contrast to the wide theoretic interest in spatially structured networks with lattice-like architecture, there has been little discussion of systems with alternative network geometries, such as the dendritic (branching) geometry common to plants, river systems, and caves. This lack of attention m ...
... In contrast to the wide theoretic interest in spatially structured networks with lattice-like architecture, there has been little discussion of systems with alternative network geometries, such as the dendritic (branching) geometry common to plants, river systems, and caves. This lack of attention m ...
Sc 10 Ecology Unit Notes ppt
... These compounds can reenter plants before going back to the atmosphere, creating a cycle within a cycle Decomposers (bacteria) will break down the wastes/dead organisms and produce Ammonia which is converted back into Nitrates for use by the plants by Nitrifying bacteria. This process is calle ...
... These compounds can reenter plants before going back to the atmosphere, creating a cycle within a cycle Decomposers (bacteria) will break down the wastes/dead organisms and produce Ammonia which is converted back into Nitrates for use by the plants by Nitrifying bacteria. This process is calle ...
RG report
... Main objective To investigate the roles of environmental and social forces in shaping the current geographic variation in reindeer density and production in Finnmark and its consequenses for ecosystem sustainability. Subobjectives - To provide an analysis of spatial and temporal variation in reindee ...
... Main objective To investigate the roles of environmental and social forces in shaping the current geographic variation in reindeer density and production in Finnmark and its consequenses for ecosystem sustainability. Subobjectives - To provide an analysis of spatial and temporal variation in reindee ...
predators, parasitoids, and pathogens as mortality agents in
... of increasing complexity by sequentially adding factors to determine their abilities to account for variability in mortality. However, limited data precluded any models containing more than two factors. Further, each immature stage had to be analyzed separately due to a lack of independence in the d ...
... of increasing complexity by sequentially adding factors to determine their abilities to account for variability in mortality. However, limited data precluded any models containing more than two factors. Further, each immature stage had to be analyzed separately due to a lack of independence in the d ...
Ecological fitting
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colorado_potato_beetle.jpg?width=300)
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.