![Evaluating the role of the dingo as a trophic](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002426292_1-cb7c7ef682ac13e6bb1b875d83d84956-300x300.png)
Evaluating the role of the dingo as a trophic
... Harlow (unpub. 2005) have documented a similar pattern in Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming. The lower abundance and altered habitat use of coyotes in an area frequented by wolves was associated with higher rates of capture of small mammals, presumably because coyotes consume more small prey than ...
... Harlow (unpub. 2005) have documented a similar pattern in Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming. The lower abundance and altered habitat use of coyotes in an area frequented by wolves was associated with higher rates of capture of small mammals, presumably because coyotes consume more small prey than ...
CO2, nitrogen, and diversity differentially affect seed production of
... Abstract. Plant species composition and diversity is often influenced by early life history stages; thus, global change could dramatically affect plant community structure by altering seed production. Unfortunately, plant reproductive responses to global change are rarely studied in field settings, ma ...
... Abstract. Plant species composition and diversity is often influenced by early life history stages; thus, global change could dramatically affect plant community structure by altering seed production. Unfortunately, plant reproductive responses to global change are rarely studied in field settings, ma ...
Feeding Relationships and Symbiosis
... interact with one anther • 7th - Life #2 - Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g. Predatorprey, parasitism, mutualism and comme ...
... interact with one anther • 7th - Life #2 - Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g. Predatorprey, parasitism, mutualism and comme ...
Environmental Biology ~ Allan M. Jones ~ 2001
... The last few years have witnessed tremendous changes in the syllabi of environmentallyrelated courses at Advanced Level and in tertiary education. Moreover, there have been major alterations in the way degree and diploma courses are organised in colleges and universities. Syllabus changes reflect th ...
... The last few years have witnessed tremendous changes in the syllabi of environmentallyrelated courses at Advanced Level and in tertiary education. Moreover, there have been major alterations in the way degree and diploma courses are organised in colleges and universities. Syllabus changes reflect th ...
Dynamical and system-wide properties of linear flow
... description of “complex” ecological systems. Because of expected simplicity, it can be surprising when linear systems behavior proves non-simple (Patten, 1975, 1983). This is what we confronted in the preliminaries to this study when we parameterized linearly formulated food-web models differently a ...
... description of “complex” ecological systems. Because of expected simplicity, it can be surprising when linear systems behavior proves non-simple (Patten, 1975, 1983). This is what we confronted in the preliminaries to this study when we parameterized linearly formulated food-web models differently a ...
Biodiversity and the African Savanna: Problems of Definition and
... authors , all of whom argued for holism rather than reductionism for further socio-environmental understanding . [37-44]. This is also relevant to the position that paradigmatic and cultural perspectives, within larger knowledge systems, have created polarized viewpoints on environmental phenomena, ...
... authors , all of whom argued for holism rather than reductionism for further socio-environmental understanding . [37-44]. This is also relevant to the position that paradigmatic and cultural perspectives, within larger knowledge systems, have created polarized viewpoints on environmental phenomena, ...
Animal species diversity driven by habitat heterogeneity
... foliage height diversity, species richness, biodiversity, spatial scale, habitat fragmentation. ...
... foliage height diversity, species richness, biodiversity, spatial scale, habitat fragmentation. ...
Predator - Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
... Theoretical arguments underpin the current strong emphasis on the study of adaptation by prey, rather than that by predators. Loose application of the “arms race” analogy in the evolution of predator–prey interactions has been criticized for failing to recognize that the selective forces on prey and ...
... Theoretical arguments underpin the current strong emphasis on the study of adaptation by prey, rather than that by predators. Loose application of the “arms race” analogy in the evolution of predator–prey interactions has been criticized for failing to recognize that the selective forces on prey and ...
from pik-potsdam.de - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact
... Tertiary species, prevailingly diploid, were pushed downwards from high elevations. On the Alpine margins, especially in the eastern Alps, these populations were brought into contact with populations from other regions, such as the Balkans, under new ecological conditions, and hybridization occured ...
... Tertiary species, prevailingly diploid, were pushed downwards from high elevations. On the Alpine margins, especially in the eastern Alps, these populations were brought into contact with populations from other regions, such as the Balkans, under new ecological conditions, and hybridization occured ...
EVOLUTION OF DIVARICATING PLANTS IN NEW ZEALAND IN
... component of the vegetation. Furthermore, in an archipelago such as New Zealand, wind is frequently ass.ocia,ted with wind-carried salt. Divaricating plants apparently have no particular adaptations to withstand salt such as waxy leaf cuticles or tomentose leaf surfaces, although the woody exteriors ...
... component of the vegetation. Furthermore, in an archipelago such as New Zealand, wind is frequently ass.ocia,ted with wind-carried salt. Divaricating plants apparently have no particular adaptations to withstand salt such as waxy leaf cuticles or tomentose leaf surfaces, although the woody exteriors ...
Reducing Livestock Effects on Public Lands in the Western United
... livestock from western rangelands.’’ These position statements, however, as well as those of the Society for Conservation Biology (Fleischner et al. 1994), conclude that public-land grazing impacts need to be dramatically reduced to allow recovery of degraded ecosystems—an explicit recommendation of ...
... livestock from western rangelands.’’ These position statements, however, as well as those of the Society for Conservation Biology (Fleischner et al. 1994), conclude that public-land grazing impacts need to be dramatically reduced to allow recovery of degraded ecosystems—an explicit recommendation of ...
Intraspecific phenotypic variation among alewife populations drives
... have a profound influence on ecological dynamics [1–3]. Furthermore, evidence that evolution can occur over ecological time scales and can have a measurable impact on concurrent ecological dynamics has inspired research on the feedbacks between ecology and evolution of life-history traits [1,4,5]. T ...
... have a profound influence on ecological dynamics [1–3]. Furthermore, evidence that evolution can occur over ecological time scales and can have a measurable impact on concurrent ecological dynamics has inspired research on the feedbacks between ecology and evolution of life-history traits [1,4,5]. T ...
ecosystem effects of biodiversity manipulations in
... Identifying general patterns in a research area such as this can be a major obstacle because even well-replicated ecological studies are often conducted at single points in space and time, and often focus on one or a small number of variables. This paper reports the results of a large-scale pan-Euro ...
... Identifying general patterns in a research area such as this can be a major obstacle because even well-replicated ecological studies are often conducted at single points in space and time, and often focus on one or a small number of variables. This paper reports the results of a large-scale pan-Euro ...
The Conservation and Ecology of Carnivorous Plants
... Fig. 6.1: Meta-regression of the full model of the interaction between phylogenetic relatedness and the strength of competitive interactions ............................................................................................104 Fig. 6.2: Meta-regression of the interaction between experimen ...
... Fig. 6.1: Meta-regression of the full model of the interaction between phylogenetic relatedness and the strength of competitive interactions ............................................................................................104 Fig. 6.2: Meta-regression of the interaction between experimen ...
Ecogeographical Variation in Skull Shape of South
... Received: 2 July 2015 / Accepted: 31 October 2015 Ó The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ...
... Received: 2 July 2015 / Accepted: 31 October 2015 Ó The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ...
Susquenita Curriculum PENNSYLVANIA Course: Science Grade 7
... Explain relationships among organisms (e.g., producers/consumers, predator/prey, in an ecosystem). S8.B.3.2.1 -- Essential Use evidence to explain factors that affect changes in populations (e.g., deforestation, disease, land use, natural disaster, invasive species). S8.B.3.2.2 -- Essential Use evid ...
... Explain relationships among organisms (e.g., producers/consumers, predator/prey, in an ecosystem). S8.B.3.2.1 -- Essential Use evidence to explain factors that affect changes in populations (e.g., deforestation, disease, land use, natural disaster, invasive species). S8.B.3.2.2 -- Essential Use evid ...
concepts-of-biology
... The most accurate way to determine population size is to count all of the individuals within the area. However, this method is usually not logistically or economically feasible, especially when studying large areas. Thus, scientists usually study populations by sampling a representative portion of e ...
... The most accurate way to determine population size is to count all of the individuals within the area. However, this method is usually not logistically or economically feasible, especially when studying large areas. Thus, scientists usually study populations by sampling a representative portion of e ...
Assemblage and interaction structure of the anemonefish
... 2005), social interactions (Buston 2003; Mitchell and Dill 2005; Buston and Cant 2006), and breeding behaviour (Munday et al. 2006), in part because we have a relatively complete knowledge of the diversity of anemonefish and anemones and the extent of their interaction (Fautin and Allen 1997). In co ...
... 2005), social interactions (Buston 2003; Mitchell and Dill 2005; Buston and Cant 2006), and breeding behaviour (Munday et al. 2006), in part because we have a relatively complete knowledge of the diversity of anemonefish and anemones and the extent of their interaction (Fautin and Allen 1997). In co ...
Disturbance and distributions: avoiding exclusion in a warming world
... Exclusion is well studied in simple diversity-disturbance models in which all but the most competitive species are considered fugitive species; these persist only by avoiding the sustained competition that would otherwise eliminate them. Under some disturbance regimes species coexist in a stable man ...
... Exclusion is well studied in simple diversity-disturbance models in which all but the most competitive species are considered fugitive species; these persist only by avoiding the sustained competition that would otherwise eliminate them. Under some disturbance regimes species coexist in a stable man ...
Invertebrate assemblages of pools in aridland streams have high
... aquatic taxa have adapted to their extreme environment. However, climate change is altering this predictable hydrology, producing longer and more severe droughts and creating novel disturbance regimes for resident organisms. 2. The hydrologic transitions from flowing stream to fragmented pools to dr ...
... aquatic taxa have adapted to their extreme environment. However, climate change is altering this predictable hydrology, producing longer and more severe droughts and creating novel disturbance regimes for resident organisms. 2. The hydrologic transitions from flowing stream to fragmented pools to dr ...
Floral adaptation and diversification under pollen limitation
... of selection on reproductive traits (which also considers outcross siring success). Panel a illustrates combinations of crossfertilization (Fx) and self-fertilization (Fs) that result in PL (white area below diagonal), ovule limitation (heavy diagonal line) and resource limitation (grey area) of see ...
... of selection on reproductive traits (which also considers outcross siring success). Panel a illustrates combinations of crossfertilization (Fx) and self-fertilization (Fs) that result in PL (white area below diagonal), ovule limitation (heavy diagonal line) and resource limitation (grey area) of see ...
Symbiotic fungal endophytes control insect host±parasite interaction
... addressed15. Fungal endophytes in the genus Neotyphodium (Ascomycetes: Clavicipitaceae) form mutualistic associations with a variety of grasses9,11. The fungal hyphae grow intercellularly in leaf and stem tissue, causing asymptomatic infections that are transmitted exclusively through the seeds of t ...
... addressed15. Fungal endophytes in the genus Neotyphodium (Ascomycetes: Clavicipitaceae) form mutualistic associations with a variety of grasses9,11. The fungal hyphae grow intercellularly in leaf and stem tissue, causing asymptomatic infections that are transmitted exclusively through the seeds of t ...
Niche differentiation, rarity, and commonness in the Australian White
... widespread (also refer to Brown 1984; Orians 1997; Gaston and Fuller 2008), and much earlier Darwin (1859) believed that “rarity is the attribute of a vast number of species in all classes, in all countries”. More recently, Kunin (1997) concluded that all species are rare somewhere. Studies have sho ...
... widespread (also refer to Brown 1984; Orians 1997; Gaston and Fuller 2008), and much earlier Darwin (1859) believed that “rarity is the attribute of a vast number of species in all classes, in all countries”. More recently, Kunin (1997) concluded that all species are rare somewhere. Studies have sho ...
Comparability: the key to the applicability of food web research
... This can be possible because of their large effect on the abiotic environment (ecosystem engineers, [30]), or because their cascading interspecific interactions. Either a few or many, as well as either weak or strong direct interactions may lead finally to a community-wide effect, depending on the d ...
... This can be possible because of their large effect on the abiotic environment (ecosystem engineers, [30]), or because their cascading interspecific interactions. Either a few or many, as well as either weak or strong direct interactions may lead finally to a community-wide effect, depending on the d ...
FROM INDIVIDUALS TO ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION: TOWARD AN O J. S
... 2000, Chapin et al. 2000a). In addition, mechanisms operating on one level of biological organization can affect function at higher organizational levels. As a result, the linkages between levels do not become fully apparent until pattern and process are examined simultaneously at several organizati ...
... 2000, Chapin et al. 2000a). In addition, mechanisms operating on one level of biological organization can affect function at higher organizational levels. As a result, the linkages between levels do not become fully apparent until pattern and process are examined simultaneously at several organizati ...
Ecological fitting
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colorado_potato_beetle.jpg?width=300)
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.