Introduction to Natural Heritage
... the process of plate tectonics. Over large periods of time continents can dramatically chance location and alter the distribution of species, e.g., Australia and South America were once joined as Gondwanaland. Both are the only places on earth with marsupials. • Climate change: the variation in the ...
... the process of plate tectonics. Over large periods of time continents can dramatically chance location and alter the distribution of species, e.g., Australia and South America were once joined as Gondwanaland. Both are the only places on earth with marsupials. • Climate change: the variation in the ...
protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity in ontario
... and regain control over their environment are able to draw from traditional teachings and practices. A recent report, based on four aboriginal communities across Canada, indicates that they are breaking new ground in their efforts to protect biodiversity by putting biodiversity in a broader context ...
... and regain control over their environment are able to draw from traditional teachings and practices. A recent report, based on four aboriginal communities across Canada, indicates that they are breaking new ground in their efforts to protect biodiversity by putting biodiversity in a broader context ...
Predation Risk Influences Adaptive Morphological Variation in Fish
... to a variation in predation risk among different habitats cause adaptive morphological changes in a fish population. In aquatic communities, indirect effects of predators have been found to be of major importance for prey habitat preference because the predation risk may vary in both littoral and pe ...
... to a variation in predation risk among different habitats cause adaptive morphological changes in a fish population. In aquatic communities, indirect effects of predators have been found to be of major importance for prey habitat preference because the predation risk may vary in both littoral and pe ...
1 - Black Rock Forest Consortium
... environmental factors such as, elevation and moisture, with biological factors, such as salamanders) and macroinvertebrates, in order to understand their relative influences over decomposition . Numerous studies have documented that various invertebrates can enhance decomposition and nutrient cyclin ...
... environmental factors such as, elevation and moisture, with biological factors, such as salamanders) and macroinvertebrates, in order to understand their relative influences over decomposition . Numerous studies have documented that various invertebrates can enhance decomposition and nutrient cyclin ...
the reciprocal interaction of angiosperm evolution and tetrapod
... endozoochory are larger and possess some sort of reward or attractant, the nature of which depends on the dispersal agent (Ridley, 1930; Van der Pijl, 1982), but note that small diaspores may be dispersed by large herbivores (Janzen, 1984). In this study we will follow methods and use data presented ...
... endozoochory are larger and possess some sort of reward or attractant, the nature of which depends on the dispersal agent (Ridley, 1930; Van der Pijl, 1982), but note that small diaspores may be dispersed by large herbivores (Janzen, 1984). In this study we will follow methods and use data presented ...
Programme - Arid Zone Ecology Forum
... hypothesized that nutrient inputs from the sociable weaver nests have a positive effect on tree growth and nutrient status, but that nests also have negative consequences for the trees through reduced foliar canopies and increased branch fall. We measured nest sizes and canopy volumes, tree leafines ...
... hypothesized that nutrient inputs from the sociable weaver nests have a positive effect on tree growth and nutrient status, but that nests also have negative consequences for the trees through reduced foliar canopies and increased branch fall. We measured nest sizes and canopy volumes, tree leafines ...
Philosophy of Ecology - sikkim university library
... the nineteenth century. It is also contested ground, both because of the richness and complexity of its subject matter, and because of its close ties to important political and economic issues. This volume gathers reflections on the science, its history and its applications to policy-making and ethi ...
... the nineteenth century. It is also contested ground, both because of the richness and complexity of its subject matter, and because of its close ties to important political and economic issues. This volume gathers reflections on the science, its history and its applications to policy-making and ethi ...
Lack of relationship between below
... target plants and their neighbours were manipulated through the use of PVC root exclusion tubes, with target plants grown with or without potential root interactions with their neighbours. Neighbour shoots were also tied back, forcing any target–neighbour interactions to be below ground. 3 Below-gro ...
... target plants and their neighbours were manipulated through the use of PVC root exclusion tubes, with target plants grown with or without potential root interactions with their neighbours. Neighbour shoots were also tied back, forcing any target–neighbour interactions to be below ground. 3 Below-gro ...
SCIENCE ADVICE FROM A RISK ASSESSMENT OF
... Largemouth Bass is a voracious piscivore known to cause changes in ecosystem structure in lakes into which it has been introduced. It is responsible for local extinctions of small prey fishes and declines in minnow species’ richness. It is occurs in both lake and river habitats and some individuals ...
... Largemouth Bass is a voracious piscivore known to cause changes in ecosystem structure in lakes into which it has been introduced. It is responsible for local extinctions of small prey fishes and declines in minnow species’ richness. It is occurs in both lake and river habitats and some individuals ...
a transcontinental risk assessment of barriers to animal
... have strong effects on populations. Species with poor dispersal across the border might have reduced gene flow between populations (Keller & Largiader, 2003), which can lead to driftcaused genetic divergence between populations (Mills & Allendorf, 1996) and rapid loss of genetic diversity in small i ...
... have strong effects on populations. Species with poor dispersal across the border might have reduced gene flow between populations (Keller & Largiader, 2003), which can lead to driftcaused genetic divergence between populations (Mills & Allendorf, 1996) and rapid loss of genetic diversity in small i ...
Ch. 41 Text
... Strong competition can lead to competitive exclusion, local elimination of a competing species The competitive exclusion principle states that two species competing for the same limiting resources cannot coexist in the same place ...
... Strong competition can lead to competitive exclusion, local elimination of a competing species The competitive exclusion principle states that two species competing for the same limiting resources cannot coexist in the same place ...
Species Interactions
... Strong competition can lead to competitive exclusion, local elimination of a competing species The competitive exclusion principle states that two species competing for the same limiting resources cannot coexist in the same place ...
... Strong competition can lead to competitive exclusion, local elimination of a competing species The competitive exclusion principle states that two species competing for the same limiting resources cannot coexist in the same place ...
NatureServe HCCVI and Adaptation Strategies
... Species were tentatively identified as those that could likely have cascading ecological impacts on community function. Selection criteria included dominant plant species and pollinators for Yucca. Once selected a climate change vulnerability index was scored for their distribution within the ecoreg ...
... Species were tentatively identified as those that could likely have cascading ecological impacts on community function. Selection criteria included dominant plant species and pollinators for Yucca. Once selected a climate change vulnerability index was scored for their distribution within the ecoreg ...
Limiting resources and the regulation of diversity in phytoplankton
... in the algorithm and computed the rank correlation coefficient between Simpson's diversity index and the number of limiting resources. Although these experimental data provided us an estimate of saturating-resource levels, it was difficult to determine actual environmental threshold levels without e ...
... in the algorithm and computed the rank correlation coefficient between Simpson's diversity index and the number of limiting resources. Although these experimental data provided us an estimate of saturating-resource levels, it was difficult to determine actual environmental threshold levels without e ...
Gibb and Hochuli 2004 - Department of Biological Science
... resources may not reflect behavior at natural resources, which may be of lower quality (Kay 2002, Ribas and Schoereder 2002), and more widely dispersed. Behavioral dominance at resources needs to be shown to lead to changes at the population level if competition is to be considered important in stru ...
... resources may not reflect behavior at natural resources, which may be of lower quality (Kay 2002, Ribas and Schoereder 2002), and more widely dispersed. Behavioral dominance at resources needs to be shown to lead to changes at the population level if competition is to be considered important in stru ...
Australian Society for Kangaroos - Commissioner for Sustainability
... Lethal control programs in regard to kangaroos, is known to be a cruel, simplistic and unnecessary response to complex ecological and often political situations. Historically, starvation has been used to justify large-scale slaughter of remnant kangaroo populations, however when investigated, it is ...
... Lethal control programs in regard to kangaroos, is known to be a cruel, simplistic and unnecessary response to complex ecological and often political situations. Historically, starvation has been used to justify large-scale slaughter of remnant kangaroo populations, however when investigated, it is ...
Heterogeneity
... than grazing, whilst the corollary was true at a regional scale. • Overall, untreated local plots had the most heterogeneity, but regional responses varied to a large degree, depending on season of burning (spring burning then grazing increased heterogeneity, autumn burns reduced it) • This variatio ...
... than grazing, whilst the corollary was true at a regional scale. • Overall, untreated local plots had the most heterogeneity, but regional responses varied to a large degree, depending on season of burning (spring burning then grazing increased heterogeneity, autumn burns reduced it) • This variatio ...
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center
... specific impacts, and the overly-generalized biological descriptors of invasives has impeded our predictive capacity of establishment/dispersal (Marchetti et al, 2004), the effort taken to combat the introduction and spread of invasives has been certain and robust. So with still a great deal of unce ...
... specific impacts, and the overly-generalized biological descriptors of invasives has impeded our predictive capacity of establishment/dispersal (Marchetti et al, 2004), the effort taken to combat the introduction and spread of invasives has been certain and robust. So with still a great deal of unce ...
Speciation, and Conservation
... terrain. Such habitat islands have been studied intensively over the past few decades with the development of the field of conservation biology and concepts of reserve size, fragmentation, and corridors (41, 194). Here, much more than for islands in the ocean, the perception of an isolated habitat a ...
... terrain. Such habitat islands have been studied intensively over the past few decades with the development of the field of conservation biology and concepts of reserve size, fragmentation, and corridors (41, 194). Here, much more than for islands in the ocean, the perception of an isolated habitat a ...
Understanding Rapid Evolution in Predator
... the general biological and mathematical mechanisms that cause the new dynamical behavior to arise. Hence, we believe a more general theory is needed in order to characterize the full spectrum of dynamics that ecoevolutionary systems can exhibit. An inherent difficulty in studying systems with rapid ...
... the general biological and mathematical mechanisms that cause the new dynamical behavior to arise. Hence, we believe a more general theory is needed in order to characterize the full spectrum of dynamics that ecoevolutionary systems can exhibit. An inherent difficulty in studying systems with rapid ...
Impacts of invasive alien marine species on
... A good understanding of the mechanisms and magnitude of the impact of invasive alien species on ecosystem services and biodiversity is a prerequisite for the efficient prioritisation of actions to prevent new invasions or for developing mitigation measures. In this review, we identified alien marine ...
... A good understanding of the mechanisms and magnitude of the impact of invasive alien species on ecosystem services and biodiversity is a prerequisite for the efficient prioritisation of actions to prevent new invasions or for developing mitigation measures. In this review, we identified alien marine ...
Climate-related range shifts – a global multidimensional synthesis
... Poleward and upward shifts are the most frequent types of range shifts that have been reported in response to contemporary climate change. However, the number of reports documenting other types of range shifts – such as in east-west directions across longitudes or, even more unexpectedly, towards tr ...
... Poleward and upward shifts are the most frequent types of range shifts that have been reported in response to contemporary climate change. However, the number of reports documenting other types of range shifts – such as in east-west directions across longitudes or, even more unexpectedly, towards tr ...
Biotic interactions in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems: Are they a factor?
... To address these questions, we will need to address at least two shortfalls in our current knowledge. Firstly, we really need to know what is there (see also Wall, 2005). In order to understand how the complexity of the system, or any interaction, changes under given environmental conditions, we nee ...
... To address these questions, we will need to address at least two shortfalls in our current knowledge. Firstly, we really need to know what is there (see also Wall, 2005). In order to understand how the complexity of the system, or any interaction, changes under given environmental conditions, we nee ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.