A Model of Surround Suppression Through Cortical Feedback
... reason is that these effects may tell us something about the underlying cortical microcircuitry of primary visual cortex. The most straight-forward models of the primary visual cortex involve feedforward connections to linear Gabor-like filters. This type of model cannot describe these surround supp ...
... reason is that these effects may tell us something about the underlying cortical microcircuitry of primary visual cortex. The most straight-forward models of the primary visual cortex involve feedforward connections to linear Gabor-like filters. This type of model cannot describe these surround supp ...
Rebuilding Brain Circuitry with Living Micro
... bridge deep thalamic structures with the cerebral cortex to assess construct survival and integration. We found that micro-TENN neurons survived at least 1 month and maintained their long axonal architecture along the cortical–thalamic axis. Notably, we also found neurite penetration from micro-TENN ...
... bridge deep thalamic structures with the cerebral cortex to assess construct survival and integration. We found that micro-TENN neurons survived at least 1 month and maintained their long axonal architecture along the cortical–thalamic axis. Notably, we also found neurite penetration from micro-TENN ...
Solving the Distal Reward Problem through
... where sd is the time constant of DA uptake and DA(t) models the source of DA due to the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain structures VTA and substantia nigra pars compacta. A better description of DA kinetics, based on Michaelis--Menten formalism, was recently suggested by Montague et ...
... where sd is the time constant of DA uptake and DA(t) models the source of DA due to the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain structures VTA and substantia nigra pars compacta. A better description of DA kinetics, based on Michaelis--Menten formalism, was recently suggested by Montague et ...
Basal Ganglia and Cerebellar Inputs to `AIP`
... of AIP neurons. However, AIP contains more neurons that are exclusively responsive to the visual features of an object, whereas PMv contains more neurons that are selectively responsive during movement (Murata et al., 1997, 2000). Thus, AIP and PMv are thought to be nodes in a cortical network conce ...
... of AIP neurons. However, AIP contains more neurons that are exclusively responsive to the visual features of an object, whereas PMv contains more neurons that are selectively responsive during movement (Murata et al., 1997, 2000). Thus, AIP and PMv are thought to be nodes in a cortical network conce ...
Read Here
... with highest density in motor regions. These findings demonstrate that the activity of a Pet1 neuron subtype with the potential to release both 5-HT and substance P is necessary for normal respiratory dynamics, perhaps via motor outputs that engage muscles of respiration and maintain airway patency. ...
... with highest density in motor regions. These findings demonstrate that the activity of a Pet1 neuron subtype with the potential to release both 5-HT and substance P is necessary for normal respiratory dynamics, perhaps via motor outputs that engage muscles of respiration and maintain airway patency. ...
Motor Resonance Meets Motor Performance - Unitn
... single neurons was recorded during the occurrence of spontaneous movements performed by the animals. In this way they defined different neuronal populations according to their firing properties. In a first work single neuron activity in inferior area 6 was recorded in two exemplars of Macaca Nemestr ...
... single neurons was recorded during the occurrence of spontaneous movements performed by the animals. In this way they defined different neuronal populations according to their firing properties. In a first work single neuron activity in inferior area 6 was recorded in two exemplars of Macaca Nemestr ...
Structural changes that occur during normal aging of primate
... individual prior to death, and to know if the individual showed early signs of dementia. Even when such data are available, postmortem delays usually make it difficult to obtain brain tissue in a state of preservation optimal enough for detailed structural analyses. One solution to these problems is ...
... individual prior to death, and to know if the individual showed early signs of dementia. Even when such data are available, postmortem delays usually make it difficult to obtain brain tissue in a state of preservation optimal enough for detailed structural analyses. One solution to these problems is ...
Cuneiform Neurons Activated during
... NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-containing neurons; the neurotransmitter of the other Fos ⫹ population remains unknown. The Cun nucleus did not contain cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic, or glycinergic neurons. On the basis of neuronal activation during AS-carbachol, as indicated by c-fos expr ...
... NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-containing neurons; the neurotransmitter of the other Fos ⫹ population remains unknown. The Cun nucleus did not contain cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic, or glycinergic neurons. On the basis of neuronal activation during AS-carbachol, as indicated by c-fos expr ...
No Slide Title
... OF H+ IONS IN MEDULLARY INTERSTITIUM • CHRONIC HYPERCAPNIA- WEAKER EFFECT DUE TO RENAL RETENTION OF HCO3 WHICH REDUCES THE H+ ...
... OF H+ IONS IN MEDULLARY INTERSTITIUM • CHRONIC HYPERCAPNIA- WEAKER EFFECT DUE TO RENAL RETENTION OF HCO3 WHICH REDUCES THE H+ ...
Mesodermal and neuronal retinoids regulate the induction and
... hindlimb levels and form medial (LMCm) and lateral (LMCl) divisional subtypes which project to ventral and dorsal muscles in the limb, respectively (Landmesser, 1978; Hollyday, 1980a,b; Tosney and Landmesser, 1985a,b). Individual motor columns and divisions can be molecularly defined by the combinat ...
... hindlimb levels and form medial (LMCm) and lateral (LMCl) divisional subtypes which project to ventral and dorsal muscles in the limb, respectively (Landmesser, 1978; Hollyday, 1980a,b; Tosney and Landmesser, 1985a,b). Individual motor columns and divisions can be molecularly defined by the combinat ...
Webb et al 2002 - User Web Areas at the University of York
... classical receptive field (Fig. 1A, left) is suppressed by the addition of a large annular grating beyond the classical receptive field (Fig. 1B, left). The spontaneous activity (Fig. 1D, left) is slightly suppressed when the annular grating is presented alone (Fig. 1C, left). However, the suppressi ...
... classical receptive field (Fig. 1A, left) is suppressed by the addition of a large annular grating beyond the classical receptive field (Fig. 1B, left). The spontaneous activity (Fig. 1D, left) is slightly suppressed when the annular grating is presented alone (Fig. 1C, left). However, the suppressi ...
Integration of Perspective and Disparity Cues in Surface
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
Roles for miRNAs in Timing Developmental Progression Within
... a certain level of maturity or connectivity. However, additional regulatory mechanisms likely influence miRNA levels in neurons because only a subset of miRNAs appear to be subject to this rapid turnover, and only a subset of neurons display this increased rate of miRNA turnover. Target mRNA levels ...
... a certain level of maturity or connectivity. However, additional regulatory mechanisms likely influence miRNA levels in neurons because only a subset of miRNAs appear to be subject to this rapid turnover, and only a subset of neurons display this increased rate of miRNA turnover. Target mRNA levels ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex during Licking
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
... were chosen to approximately match previous electrophysiological studies (Plata-Salaman et al., 1995; Katz et al., 2001, 2002). All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) and were reagent grade. In addition to being used as a rinse, water was also considered to be a tastant (de Araujo et ...
Heterotopic Transcallosal Projections Are Present throughout the
... the corpus callosum thereby providing an inter-hemispheric connection in the brain. While transcallosal projection neurons have been described in some detail before, it is so far unclear whether they are uniformly organized throughout the cortex or whether different functional regions of the cortex ...
... the corpus callosum thereby providing an inter-hemispheric connection in the brain. While transcallosal projection neurons have been described in some detail before, it is so far unclear whether they are uniformly organized throughout the cortex or whether different functional regions of the cortex ...
Regulation of Action-Potential Firing in Spiny Neurons of the Rat
... silent spiny neurons are not observed to fire in extracellular records made before penetration, their silence is not thought to be from the effects of impalement (Wilson and Groves 1981). Extracellular recording combined with iontophoretic application of excitatory neurotransmitters has also reveale ...
... silent spiny neurons are not observed to fire in extracellular records made before penetration, their silence is not thought to be from the effects of impalement (Wilson and Groves 1981). Extracellular recording combined with iontophoretic application of excitatory neurotransmitters has also reveale ...
Regulation of Action-Potential Firing in Spiny Neurons of the Rat
... silent spiny neurons are not observed to fire in extracellular records made before penetration, their silence is not thought to be from the effects of impalement (Wilson and Groves 1981). Extracellular recording combined with iontophoretic application of excitatory neurotransmitters has also reveale ...
... silent spiny neurons are not observed to fire in extracellular records made before penetration, their silence is not thought to be from the effects of impalement (Wilson and Groves 1981). Extracellular recording combined with iontophoretic application of excitatory neurotransmitters has also reveale ...
Diversity and wiring variability of visual local neurons in the
... Neil and Masland, 1998; MacNeil et al., 1999; Roska and Werblin, 2001; Roska et al., 2006). Consequently, it has been suggested that, in the inner plexiform layer, each stratum innervated by its own input, output, and local neurons (LNs) is responsible for a unique visual representation (Sanes and Z ...
... Neil and Masland, 1998; MacNeil et al., 1999; Roska and Werblin, 2001; Roska et al., 2006). Consequently, it has been suggested that, in the inner plexiform layer, each stratum innervated by its own input, output, and local neurons (LNs) is responsible for a unique visual representation (Sanes and Z ...
Sonic Hedgehog Expression in Corticofugal Projection Neurons
... protein) (Srinivas et al., 2001) reporter mouse to fate map Shhexpressing neurons. We found YFP positive fate mapped cells throughout the rostrocaudal axis of the cortex, nearly all of which were positive for NeuN. The vast majority of Shh lineage cells in the cortex were GABA negative pyramidal neu ...
... protein) (Srinivas et al., 2001) reporter mouse to fate map Shhexpressing neurons. We found YFP positive fate mapped cells throughout the rostrocaudal axis of the cortex, nearly all of which were positive for NeuN. The vast majority of Shh lineage cells in the cortex were GABA negative pyramidal neu ...
Properties of Primary Sensory (Lemniscal) Synapses in the
... high-frequency sensory inputs through this pathway is affected by behavioral state. For instance, Poggio and Mountcastle (1963) demonstrated that the capacity for frequency following of tactile stimuli is dramatically different for thalamic cells in the waking as compared with the anesthetized monke ...
... high-frequency sensory inputs through this pathway is affected by behavioral state. For instance, Poggio and Mountcastle (1963) demonstrated that the capacity for frequency following of tactile stimuli is dramatically different for thalamic cells in the waking as compared with the anesthetized monke ...
Nervous Regulation
... Are specialized structures that are sensitive to changes in the external and internal environment ...
... Are specialized structures that are sensitive to changes in the external and internal environment ...
Response characteristics of neurons in the pulvinar of awake cats to
... awake cats that were allowed to execute spontaneous eye movements. Extracellular cell activity during saccades, saccade-like image shifts, and various stationary visual stimuli was recorded together with the animals’ eye positions. All neurons analyzed had receptive fields that covered most of the c ...
... awake cats that were allowed to execute spontaneous eye movements. Extracellular cell activity during saccades, saccade-like image shifts, and various stationary visual stimuli was recorded together with the animals’ eye positions. All neurons analyzed had receptive fields that covered most of the c ...