Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Integration in Hypothalamic
... Stimuli from both internal and external sources can converge on a single neuron which must process these signals and produce an integrated response. Our work is ...
... Stimuli from both internal and external sources can converge on a single neuron which must process these signals and produce an integrated response. Our work is ...
relation between cell size and response characteristics of
... the cell body and the axonal diameter of LVN neurons (Deiters, 1865) and physiologic measurements of axonal conduction velocity of LVN neurons activated antidromically from the lumbar cord (Ito et al., 1964; Wilson et al., 1967; Akaike et al., 1973) have confirmed this finding. Finally, these two ne ...
... the cell body and the axonal diameter of LVN neurons (Deiters, 1865) and physiologic measurements of axonal conduction velocity of LVN neurons activated antidromically from the lumbar cord (Ito et al., 1964; Wilson et al., 1967; Akaike et al., 1973) have confirmed this finding. Finally, these two ne ...
SENSE AND THE SINGLE NEURON: Probing the Physiology of
... spikes. Three curves are shown in Figure 1B: The leftmost corresponds to the neuron firing at least one spike on a single trial and the other two correspond to the firing of at least two or at least three spikes, respectively. The shapes of these neural detection functions (neurometric functions) ar ...
... spikes. Three curves are shown in Figure 1B: The leftmost corresponds to the neuron firing at least one spike on a single trial and the other two correspond to the firing of at least two or at least three spikes, respectively. The shapes of these neural detection functions (neurometric functions) ar ...
Visual and Oculomotor Functions of Monkey Subthalamic Nucleus
... saccade volitionally to a visual or remembered target. Presaccadic activity has been shown to occur in caudate neurons and is believed to suppress the tonic spike discharge of SNr neurons, leading to a disinhibition of output neurons in the superior colliculus (Hikosaka et al. 1989a). In addition, c ...
... saccade volitionally to a visual or remembered target. Presaccadic activity has been shown to occur in caudate neurons and is believed to suppress the tonic spike discharge of SNr neurons, leading to a disinhibition of output neurons in the superior colliculus (Hikosaka et al. 1989a). In addition, c ...
the brainstem control of saccadic eye movements
... recording method in the late 1960s. Research carried out in the intervening years has made it possible to provide a detailed description of the saccadic command signals that are generated by motor neurons and the formation of these signals in premotor brainstem regions. These findings have been assi ...
... recording method in the late 1960s. Research carried out in the intervening years has made it possible to provide a detailed description of the saccadic command signals that are generated by motor neurons and the formation of these signals in premotor brainstem regions. These findings have been assi ...
Hypothalamus
... One of the principal functions of the hypothalamus is to provide temporal organization to the expression of physiological and behavioural processes. This is accomplished by compact cell groups in the rostral hypothalamus, known as the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). SCN neurons exhibit a genetically d ...
... One of the principal functions of the hypothalamus is to provide temporal organization to the expression of physiological and behavioural processes. This is accomplished by compact cell groups in the rostral hypothalamus, known as the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). SCN neurons exhibit a genetically d ...
Temperature - Division Of Animal Sciences
... The Passive System For temperature regulation, the controlled system is the body itself, complete with fully functional cardio-vascular and respiratory systems, metabolic and reproductive activities, and the nervous and endocrine systems controlling these functions. The problem of the passive system ...
... The Passive System For temperature regulation, the controlled system is the body itself, complete with fully functional cardio-vascular and respiratory systems, metabolic and reproductive activities, and the nervous and endocrine systems controlling these functions. The problem of the passive system ...
Development and function of human cerebral cortex neural networks
... subunits, potentially reflecting the mixture of neurons of different developmental ages present in this system (Shi et al., 2012c). In addition to the major excitatory receptor subunits, we found that subunits of GABA, acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, cannabinoid, adrenergic and opioid receptors, ...
... subunits, potentially reflecting the mixture of neurons of different developmental ages present in this system (Shi et al., 2012c). In addition to the major excitatory receptor subunits, we found that subunits of GABA, acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, cannabinoid, adrenergic and opioid receptors, ...
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... feature of cortical dynamics. In recent years, another line of research has attracted great interest: the observation of a bimodal distribution of the membrane potential defining up states and down states at the single cell level (Wilson & Kawaguchi, 1996; Steriade, Contreras, & Amzica, 1994; Contre ...
... feature of cortical dynamics. In recent years, another line of research has attracted great interest: the observation of a bimodal distribution of the membrane potential defining up states and down states at the single cell level (Wilson & Kawaguchi, 1996; Steriade, Contreras, & Amzica, 1994; Contre ...
V1 mechanisms underlying chromatic contrast detection
... (Graham 1977; Sachs et al. 1971). We asked whether signals measured in V1 at a psychophysical detection threshold (PT) are consistent with the cardinal mechanisms model. Although V1 neurons are not tuned to the cardinal color directions when tested with high-contrast stimuli (Horwitz et al. 2007; Jo ...
... (Graham 1977; Sachs et al. 1971). We asked whether signals measured in V1 at a psychophysical detection threshold (PT) are consistent with the cardinal mechanisms model. Although V1 neurons are not tuned to the cardinal color directions when tested with high-contrast stimuli (Horwitz et al. 2007; Jo ...
Modulation of Neuronal Activity in the Monkey Putamen Associated
... inside the guide and was advanced using a manual hydraulic microdrive (MO95, Narishige, Tokyo, Japan). The signal from neuronal activity was amplified 5,000 times, filtered at 0.3–1.5 kHz, and converted to digital pulses through a window discriminator (NeuroLog, Digitimer, Hertfordshire, UK). Presen ...
... inside the guide and was advanced using a manual hydraulic microdrive (MO95, Narishige, Tokyo, Japan). The signal from neuronal activity was amplified 5,000 times, filtered at 0.3–1.5 kHz, and converted to digital pulses through a window discriminator (NeuroLog, Digitimer, Hertfordshire, UK). Presen ...
Basal Ganglia: Internal Organization
... and in this focal plane gives rise to four primary dendrites. The dendrites are initially spine free and then become densely laden with spines, usually after the first bifurcation. An individual MSN possesses 10 000–15 000 spines, each of which receives a glutamatergic input at its head (see Figure ...
... and in this focal plane gives rise to four primary dendrites. The dendrites are initially spine free and then become densely laden with spines, usually after the first bifurcation. An individual MSN possesses 10 000–15 000 spines, each of which receives a glutamatergic input at its head (see Figure ...
A Double-labeling Investigation of the Afferent Connectivity to
... cortical surface (Van Essen, 1979; Kaas, 1980; Tusa et al., 1981), numerous studies have addressed the question of their afferent connectivity. Anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques have demonstrated extensive redundancy in the connections of these visual areas. In other words, each area rec ...
... cortical surface (Van Essen, 1979; Kaas, 1980; Tusa et al., 1981), numerous studies have addressed the question of their afferent connectivity. Anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques have demonstrated extensive redundancy in the connections of these visual areas. In other words, each area rec ...
Cellular scaling rules for the brain of afrotherians
... processed. The cerebellum was dissected by cutting the cerebellar peduncles at the surface of the brainstem. The cerebral cortex in all animals was manually dissected from the striatum and other subcortical structures. The hippocampus was then dissected from each cortical hemisphere, under a stereos ...
... processed. The cerebellum was dissected by cutting the cerebellar peduncles at the surface of the brainstem. The cerebral cortex in all animals was manually dissected from the striatum and other subcortical structures. The hippocampus was then dissected from each cortical hemisphere, under a stereos ...
Gao JCN 2000 - Georgia State University
... 70 sections from the V1 of 53 ferrets, and 67 sections from AI of 55 ferrets (Gao et al., 1999). Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the emergence, distribution, and morphology of PV- and CB-ir neurons in V1 and AI of ferrets. The neuronal morphology and areal and laminar distribution of both PV ...
... 70 sections from the V1 of 53 ferrets, and 67 sections from AI of 55 ferrets (Gao et al., 1999). Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the emergence, distribution, and morphology of PV- and CB-ir neurons in V1 and AI of ferrets. The neuronal morphology and areal and laminar distribution of both PV ...
Clonal analysis of the mushroom bodies
... characteristic antigen compositions, Davis and his colleagues proposed that there are three types of neurons with different characteristic axonal projections (Crittenden et al., 1998). One type of neurons (red) project their axons only into the γ lobe, another type of neurons (green) have branched a ...
... characteristic antigen compositions, Davis and his colleagues proposed that there are three types of neurons with different characteristic axonal projections (Crittenden et al., 1998). One type of neurons (red) project their axons only into the γ lobe, another type of neurons (green) have branched a ...
Central Topography of Cranial Motor Nuclei Controlled by
... trajectories of the migration of facial and accessory abducens neurons were different with adjacent paths radially followed by distinct paths dorsally (Figure 1A) [13]. However, at stage 26 (st26) [14], the migratory streams of both the presumptive facial and accessory abducens nuclei have converged ...
... trajectories of the migration of facial and accessory abducens neurons were different with adjacent paths radially followed by distinct paths dorsally (Figure 1A) [13]. However, at stage 26 (st26) [14], the migratory streams of both the presumptive facial and accessory abducens nuclei have converged ...
Cortical afferents to the smooth-pursuit region of the macaque
... implanted in one eye. To enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of electrode penetrations and subsequent injections, a plastic grid with 1-mm spacing between adjacent holes (Crist Instrument) was secured inside the recording well. The microelectrodes and injection needles traveled inside 23-gauge ...
... implanted in one eye. To enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of electrode penetrations and subsequent injections, a plastic grid with 1-mm spacing between adjacent holes (Crist Instrument) was secured inside the recording well. The microelectrodes and injection needles traveled inside 23-gauge ...
MATERNAL BEHAVIOUR IN LACTATING RATS STIMULATES c
... behaviour that included milk letdown. Both groups of dams had a similar number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylaseimmunoreactive cells in each site, although the number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive cells per microscopic ®eld was signi®cantly greater in the caudal ve ...
... behaviour that included milk letdown. Both groups of dams had a similar number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylaseimmunoreactive cells in each site, although the number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive cells per microscopic ®eld was signi®cantly greater in the caudal ve ...
Selectivity for the Shape, Size, and Orientation of Objects for
... di Parma, Istituto di Fisiologia Umana, Plesso Biotecnologico Integrato, 39-I43100 Parma, Italy ...
... di Parma, Istituto di Fisiologia Umana, Plesso Biotecnologico Integrato, 39-I43100 Parma, Italy ...
Cortical cfos Expression Reveals Broad Receptive Field Excitatory
... Kim and Ebner, 1999). Overall, it remains unknown whether response heterogeneity in neighboring excitatory neurons is related to differences in the ...
... Kim and Ebner, 1999). Overall, it remains unknown whether response heterogeneity in neighboring excitatory neurons is related to differences in the ...