Sodium channel expression in the ventral posterolateral nucleus of
... The abnormal expression of Nav1.3 in third-order neurons suggests a mechanism whereby injury to a peripheral nerve can propagate pathological molecular changes to sequentially-ordered upstream targets. Second-order dorsal horn nociceptive neurons receive input from the periphery via the dorsal root ...
... The abnormal expression of Nav1.3 in third-order neurons suggests a mechanism whereby injury to a peripheral nerve can propagate pathological molecular changes to sequentially-ordered upstream targets. Second-order dorsal horn nociceptive neurons receive input from the periphery via the dorsal root ...
Cortex-inspired Developmental Learning for Vision-based Navigation, Attention and Recognition
... Over a half century has passed since Alan Turing’s pioneering paper about the possibility of machine intelligence, titled “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”. Since then, the artificial intelligence community has largely followed a path of hand-designed symbolic representation: Given a task to be ...
... Over a half century has passed since Alan Turing’s pioneering paper about the possibility of machine intelligence, titled “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”. Since then, the artificial intelligence community has largely followed a path of hand-designed symbolic representation: Given a task to be ...
Capogna Curr Opin Neurobiol 2014
... neurons of amygdala and inhibitory circuits involved in fear encoding have recently been published [4–7]. The amygdala is one of the most powerful brain areas to address questions regarding the causal relationships between circuit function and behaviour. Remarkably, the physiological role of some sp ...
... neurons of amygdala and inhibitory circuits involved in fear encoding have recently been published [4–7]. The amygdala is one of the most powerful brain areas to address questions regarding the causal relationships between circuit function and behaviour. Remarkably, the physiological role of some sp ...
Motor learning in man: A review of functional and clinical studies
... Activation in the lateral premotor cortex (PMC) during the early stages of skill learning has been observed bilaterally (Deiber et al., 1997; Inoue et al., 1997) and has been reported to be prominent in the right side (Deiber et al., 1997; Jenkins et al., 1994; Inoue et al., 1997). For instance, Jen ...
... Activation in the lateral premotor cortex (PMC) during the early stages of skill learning has been observed bilaterally (Deiber et al., 1997; Inoue et al., 1997) and has been reported to be prominent in the right side (Deiber et al., 1997; Jenkins et al., 1994; Inoue et al., 1997). For instance, Jen ...
Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Mediodorsal Thalamic
... Neurophysiological studies have included both single- and multiple-unit activity in the MD during a delayed response task or visual recognition task in monkeys (Kubota et al., 1972; Fuster and Alexander, 1973; Fahy et al., 1993) and avoidance learning in rabbits (Kubota and Gabriel, 1995); however, ...
... Neurophysiological studies have included both single- and multiple-unit activity in the MD during a delayed response task or visual recognition task in monkeys (Kubota et al., 1972; Fuster and Alexander, 1973; Fahy et al., 1993) and avoidance learning in rabbits (Kubota and Gabriel, 1995); however, ...
Neural correlates of a decision in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of
... regardless of whether the evidence was strong or weak, and whether it was interpreted correctly or incorrectly. These properties are evident in the PFC response. Motion strength affected the response of many PFC neurons (Fig. 5a and b). For this analysis, we selected neurons that predicted the monke ...
... regardless of whether the evidence was strong or weak, and whether it was interpreted correctly or incorrectly. These properties are evident in the PFC response. Motion strength affected the response of many PFC neurons (Fig. 5a and b). For this analysis, we selected neurons that predicted the monke ...
Transgenic Mouse Lines Subdivide Medial Vestibular Nucleus
... gen). Reactions were then incubated at 50°C for 1 h and 75°C for 10 min mouse line with a fluorescently labeled population distinct from that of and stored at 4°C. Positive controls [whole-brain RNA preparations GIN neurons, we examined mice generated by insertion of a modified (RNeasy kit; Qiagen, ...
... gen). Reactions were then incubated at 50°C for 1 h and 75°C for 10 min mouse line with a fluorescently labeled population distinct from that of and stored at 4°C. Positive controls [whole-brain RNA preparations GIN neurons, we examined mice generated by insertion of a modified (RNeasy kit; Qiagen, ...
Motor areas of the frontal lobe by Jarrod Blinch
... As a motor control researcher in cognitive psychology, I use a behavioural approach to study how humans produce movements. Specifically, I record the intricacies of human movements and I use this information to infer how the brain is organised. This is high-level research into human movement; low-le ...
... As a motor control researcher in cognitive psychology, I use a behavioural approach to study how humans produce movements. Specifically, I record the intricacies of human movements and I use this information to infer how the brain is organised. This is high-level research into human movement; low-le ...
Nature template
... efficiently and very fast (5-7). In a brain slice, precise time relations among several neurons have been observed (4). Could this phenomenon be also observed in brains of behaving animals? We use here data-mining techniques and rigorous statistic testing to test how precise are time intervals betwe ...
... efficiently and very fast (5-7). In a brain slice, precise time relations among several neurons have been observed (4). Could this phenomenon be also observed in brains of behaving animals? We use here data-mining techniques and rigorous statistic testing to test how precise are time intervals betwe ...
Differential regulation of the central neural cardiorespiratory system
... PNMT and perform crucial functions throughout the neuraxis from the brainstem to the retina. ‘B’ neurons (B1, B2 and B3) synthesize serotonin and are located in the midline. Initially, it was believed that C1 neurons (Goodchild et al. 1984; Ross et al. 1984) were responsible for regulating sympathet ...
... PNMT and perform crucial functions throughout the neuraxis from the brainstem to the retina. ‘B’ neurons (B1, B2 and B3) synthesize serotonin and are located in the midline. Initially, it was believed that C1 neurons (Goodchild et al. 1984; Ross et al. 1984) were responsible for regulating sympathet ...
Studies of the Role of the Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation
... It is surprising that issues about the on-direction of cells in PPRF are still unresolved 30 years after chronic unit recording methods allowed the first descriptions of pontine cells with saccade-related and eye-position–related activity.9–12 However, untrained subjects were used in early experimen ...
... It is surprising that issues about the on-direction of cells in PPRF are still unresolved 30 years after chronic unit recording methods allowed the first descriptions of pontine cells with saccade-related and eye-position–related activity.9–12 However, untrained subjects were used in early experimen ...
AP150 PATHWAYS ASSIGNMENT
... An action potential begins on a ___UPPER MOTOR_ neurons that leaves the __FRONTAL__ lobe of the brain and passes through the ____CEREBRAL PENDUNCLES__ of the midbrain and then the __PYRAMIDS__ of the medulla oblongata where it then decussates and travels down a __ANTERIOR OR LATTERAL __ column to th ...
... An action potential begins on a ___UPPER MOTOR_ neurons that leaves the __FRONTAL__ lobe of the brain and passes through the ____CEREBRAL PENDUNCLES__ of the midbrain and then the __PYRAMIDS__ of the medulla oblongata where it then decussates and travels down a __ANTERIOR OR LATTERAL __ column to th ...
The role of the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus in the central
... 5.2. Fibers in the DMv and their brainstem origin 5.2.1. PrRP-containing nerve fibers and terminals in the DMH PrRP immunolabeling was detected in different parts of the hypothalamus. PrRP-ir cell bodies appeared exclusively in the most caudal part of the DMH, while PrRP-ir fibers were present in th ...
... 5.2. Fibers in the DMv and their brainstem origin 5.2.1. PrRP-containing nerve fibers and terminals in the DMH PrRP immunolabeling was detected in different parts of the hypothalamus. PrRP-ir cell bodies appeared exclusively in the most caudal part of the DMH, while PrRP-ir fibers were present in th ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... The high-order mental abilities An emerging property of specialized neural networks The number of neurons in the central nervous systems 1012 We aim to understand the principal organization of neuron-like elements and how such structures can support and enable particular mental processes. ...
... The high-order mental abilities An emerging property of specialized neural networks The number of neurons in the central nervous systems 1012 We aim to understand the principal organization of neuron-like elements and how such structures can support and enable particular mental processes. ...
Self-referential forces are sufficient to explain different dendritic
... Torben-Nielsen et al., 2008) then provide these invariant descriptors of morphology. However, despite considerable success, these approaches cannot account for all experimentally observed variations in the data. Indeed, it is often impossible to construct an exhaustive statistical model because the ...
... Torben-Nielsen et al., 2008) then provide these invariant descriptors of morphology. However, despite considerable success, these approaches cannot account for all experimentally observed variations in the data. Indeed, it is often impossible to construct an exhaustive statistical model because the ...
Self-organization and interareal networks™in™the™primate cortex
... generally accepted that the physiological function of the cortex is shaped by the pattern of interareal connections. Here, we focus on the SGLs of the cortex that are thought to undergo selective expansion in primates (Dehay and Kennedy, 2007). In a first instance, we review how connection weight de ...
... generally accepted that the physiological function of the cortex is shaped by the pattern of interareal connections. Here, we focus on the SGLs of the cortex that are thought to undergo selective expansion in primates (Dehay and Kennedy, 2007). In a first instance, we review how connection weight de ...
Role of Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress - Diabetes
... mmol/l D-glucose. Note the phase-bright neuronal perikarya and phasedark nonneuronal cells (mostly fibroblasts and Schwann cells). C: Levels of survival of dorsal root ganglion neurons for control (10 mmol/l D-glucose) or 50 mmol/l D-glucose over a 4-week period. Cell numbers were assessed by morpho ...
... mmol/l D-glucose. Note the phase-bright neuronal perikarya and phasedark nonneuronal cells (mostly fibroblasts and Schwann cells). C: Levels of survival of dorsal root ganglion neurons for control (10 mmol/l D-glucose) or 50 mmol/l D-glucose over a 4-week period. Cell numbers were assessed by morpho ...
Representation of Behavioral Tactics and Tactics
... reward. Under the second behavioral condition (see Fig. 1B, fully cued trials), a different set of instruction cues indicated both the behavioral tactics and future actions. An instruction cue illuminated one of the spatial target pair. If illuminated with cyan, it meant a future reach toward the il ...
... reward. Under the second behavioral condition (see Fig. 1B, fully cued trials), a different set of instruction cues indicated both the behavioral tactics and future actions. An instruction cue illuminated one of the spatial target pair. If illuminated with cyan, it meant a future reach toward the il ...
Dorsal spinal cord stimulation obtunds the capacity of intrathoracic
... global stress of rapid cardiac pacing, SCS was started 2 min before and maintained for 2 min after the allocated 5-min periods of cardiac pacing (total 9 min). These data were compared with those obtained during 5-min of pacing alone. With respect to coronary artery occlusion (duration 30 s), occlus ...
... global stress of rapid cardiac pacing, SCS was started 2 min before and maintained for 2 min after the allocated 5-min periods of cardiac pacing (total 9 min). These data were compared with those obtained during 5-min of pacing alone. With respect to coronary artery occlusion (duration 30 s), occlus ...
Disruption of Target Interactions Prevents the Development of
... developmental mechanismsthat give rise to the differential expression of neuropeptides by individual neurons are incompletely understood. One of the first stepstoward understanding how diverse peptidergic phenotypes are generated is elucidating the pattern of peptide expressionduring normal developm ...
... developmental mechanismsthat give rise to the differential expression of neuropeptides by individual neurons are incompletely understood. One of the first stepstoward understanding how diverse peptidergic phenotypes are generated is elucidating the pattern of peptide expressionduring normal developm ...
Axon Terminal Polarization Induced by Weak Uniform
... electric fields can modulate neuronal excitability by membrane potential polarization. Therapeutic applications are designed to increase or decrease cortical excitability based only on the induced somatic polarization of cortical pyramidal neurons. However, in vitro experiments suggested that, in ad ...
... electric fields can modulate neuronal excitability by membrane potential polarization. Therapeutic applications are designed to increase or decrease cortical excitability based only on the induced somatic polarization of cortical pyramidal neurons. However, in vitro experiments suggested that, in ad ...
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF VISUAL AREA MT
... Of the inputs directly from V1, those from layer 4B predominate, at least numerically. After injections of retrograde tracers into macaque MT, more than 90% of the labeled V1 neurons are found in layer 4B; the remaining are found in the large cells of Meynert near the boundary of layers 5 and 6 (Tig ...
... Of the inputs directly from V1, those from layer 4B predominate, at least numerically. After injections of retrograde tracers into macaque MT, more than 90% of the labeled V1 neurons are found in layer 4B; the remaining are found in the large cells of Meynert near the boundary of layers 5 and 6 (Tig ...
A Computational Model of the Amygdala Nuclei`s Role in - laral
... in either BLA (which is lesioned) or LA (which is activated only when food is effectively eaten). As a result, since synaptic modification depends on dopamine, no learning can takes place during second-order conditioning. ...
... in either BLA (which is lesioned) or LA (which is activated only when food is effectively eaten). As a result, since synaptic modification depends on dopamine, no learning can takes place during second-order conditioning. ...