PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX NEURONS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO
... drifting in the neuron’s preferred direction as invisible bar ends presented outside the CRF could not provide unambiguous global directional cues. Consequently, with this masking, the responses of the two neurons in Fig. 2 were statistically indistinguishable among the different global directions o ...
... drifting in the neuron’s preferred direction as invisible bar ends presented outside the CRF could not provide unambiguous global directional cues. Consequently, with this masking, the responses of the two neurons in Fig. 2 were statistically indistinguishable among the different global directions o ...
Auditory Neurons in the Dorsal Cortex of the Inferior Colliculus
... been published or submitted for publication. While I played a major role in the execution of the project described in this thesis, the research could not have been done without the advising from my supervisor Huiming Zhang. His advising was critical for the development of key scientific ideas, desig ...
... been published or submitted for publication. While I played a major role in the execution of the project described in this thesis, the research could not have been done without the advising from my supervisor Huiming Zhang. His advising was critical for the development of key scientific ideas, desig ...
Afferent Input to Nucleus Submedius in Rats
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
concurrent, distributed control of saccade initiation in the frontal eye
... Accumulator models have been evaluated in terms of brain function. Accumulator models suppose that in response to a stimulus, some signal grows until it reaches a threshold thereby triggering a movement in response to the stimulus. Models of this sort include three sources for the stochastic variabi ...
... Accumulator models have been evaluated in terms of brain function. Accumulator models suppose that in response to a stimulus, some signal grows until it reaches a threshold thereby triggering a movement in response to the stimulus. Models of this sort include three sources for the stochastic variabi ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Coding of Object Location in
... (Szwed et al. 2003; Yu et al. 2006). Dashed arcs represent collections of pathways and neuronal stations not relevant for this study (see Kleinfeld et al. 2006; Ahissar and Knutsen 2008). Two optional ways to open the motor-sensory loop are depicted. 1) Opening that preserves active touch (Black). T ...
... (Szwed et al. 2003; Yu et al. 2006). Dashed arcs represent collections of pathways and neuronal stations not relevant for this study (see Kleinfeld et al. 2006; Ahissar and Knutsen 2008). Two optional ways to open the motor-sensory loop are depicted. 1) Opening that preserves active touch (Black). T ...
Central circuitries for body temperature regulation and fever
... effect of body core temperature on skin thermosensation would be small when skin blood flow is attenuated due to cutaneous vasoconstriction. Furthermore, other feedback sensory mechanisms (e.g., the one mediated by thermosensory POA neurons; see below) seem to more faithfully reflect changes in body ...
... effect of body core temperature on skin thermosensation would be small when skin blood flow is attenuated due to cutaneous vasoconstriction. Furthermore, other feedback sensory mechanisms (e.g., the one mediated by thermosensory POA neurons; see below) seem to more faithfully reflect changes in body ...
Descending Pathways in Motor Control
... a pathway in a selective manner that allows additional insight into function. Unfortunately, a completed checklist of all these features is still not available for any of the major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of ea ...
... a pathway in a selective manner that allows additional insight into function. Unfortunately, a completed checklist of all these features is still not available for any of the major mammalian descending pathways. We now have advanced anatomical details for many of them, but the functional roles of ea ...
Intersegmental synchronization of spontaneous activity of dorsal
... set to 0.3 Hz in the low range and 10 kHz in the high range. In all figures, negativity in recordings of cord dorsum potentials is upwards. Action potentials from dorsal horn neurons and field potentials were recorded from the L6–L7 segments using glass micropipettes filled with 1.2 M NaCl solution. ...
... set to 0.3 Hz in the low range and 10 kHz in the high range. In all figures, negativity in recordings of cord dorsum potentials is upwards. Action potentials from dorsal horn neurons and field potentials were recorded from the L6–L7 segments using glass micropipettes filled with 1.2 M NaCl solution. ...
Bayesian Spiking Neurons II: Learning
... be used as building blocks to represent hierarchies of hidden causes for their input. The output spike trains of the Bayesian neurons are close to inhomogeneous Poisson processes, whose rates depend on the state of xt (see section 3 of the companion letter). Thus, we propose to apply a learning rule ...
... be used as building blocks to represent hierarchies of hidden causes for their input. The output spike trains of the Bayesian neurons are close to inhomogeneous Poisson processes, whose rates depend on the state of xt (see section 3 of the companion letter). Thus, we propose to apply a learning rule ...
Central circuitries for body temperature regulation and fever
... effect of body core temperature on skin thermosensation would be small when skin blood flow is attenuated due to cutaneous vasoconstriction. Furthermore, other feedback sensory mechanisms (e.g., the one mediated by thermosensory POA neurons; see below) seem to more faithfully reflect changes in body ...
... effect of body core temperature on skin thermosensation would be small when skin blood flow is attenuated due to cutaneous vasoconstriction. Furthermore, other feedback sensory mechanisms (e.g., the one mediated by thermosensory POA neurons; see below) seem to more faithfully reflect changes in body ...
Cognon Neural Model Software Verification and
... Little is known yet about how the brain can recognize arbitrary sensory patterns within milliseconds using neural spikes to communicate information between neurons. In a typical brain there are several layers of neurons, with each neuron axon connecting to ∼ 104 synapses of neurons in an adjacent la ...
... Little is known yet about how the brain can recognize arbitrary sensory patterns within milliseconds using neural spikes to communicate information between neurons. In a typical brain there are several layers of neurons, with each neuron axon connecting to ∼ 104 synapses of neurons in an adjacent la ...
7 Ghrelin signalling
... First there was the receptor, discovered as the binding site of synthetic compounds that caused the immediate secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the somatotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary. These compounds were developed as potential medicaments aiming to restore body growth (by boosting th ...
... First there was the receptor, discovered as the binding site of synthetic compounds that caused the immediate secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the somatotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary. These compounds were developed as potential medicaments aiming to restore body growth (by boosting th ...
Inhibition of central neurons is reduced following acoustic trauma
... The most common tail response (class A, Fig. 2E) consists of broadly-tuned excitatory responses at and below an upper cutoff frequency (22 kHz in Fig. 2E). The upper frequency edge of the response is sharp at all levels with inhibition sometimes visible at higher frequencies. Auditory nerve fibers i ...
... The most common tail response (class A, Fig. 2E) consists of broadly-tuned excitatory responses at and below an upper cutoff frequency (22 kHz in Fig. 2E). The upper frequency edge of the response is sharp at all levels with inhibition sometimes visible at higher frequencies. Auditory nerve fibers i ...
Synchronisation hubs in the visual cortex may arise from strong
... responses, we computed the oscillation score, as described previously (Muresan et al., 2008). In brief, this measure is based on analysing the power spectrum of autocorrelation histograms (ACHs) computed with 1-ms resolution (see below). The oscillation score is defined as the ratio between the peak ...
... responses, we computed the oscillation score, as described previously (Muresan et al., 2008). In brief, this measure is based on analysing the power spectrum of autocorrelation histograms (ACHs) computed with 1-ms resolution (see below). The oscillation score is defined as the ratio between the peak ...
Joseph and Heberlein 1 Tissue-specific Activation of a
... After obtaining expression data for 89 single clonal females, and 19 individual control flies of the same genotype that did not undergo heat shock, we divided the assayed females into two groups for each different tissue region: (1) flies possessing GFPpositive, and hence UAS-TeTx silenced clones in ...
... After obtaining expression data for 89 single clonal females, and 19 individual control flies of the same genotype that did not undergo heat shock, we divided the assayed females into two groups for each different tissue region: (1) flies possessing GFPpositive, and hence UAS-TeTx silenced clones in ...
Long-range GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex modulate
... overlooked existing long-projecting GABAergic neurons. Further studies characterizing the role of such cortical projections in behavioral regulation may contribute to the understanding and treatment of many mental illnesses. Further studies. The study by Lee et al. (2014) opened opportunities for ex ...
... overlooked existing long-projecting GABAergic neurons. Further studies characterizing the role of such cortical projections in behavioral regulation may contribute to the understanding and treatment of many mental illnesses. Further studies. The study by Lee et al. (2014) opened opportunities for ex ...
Spatiotemporal Properties of Eye Position Signals
... For each neuron, data were aligned on either the initiation of saccades or the onset and offset of visual stimuli. Saccades were detected using automated algorithms. After applying a 29-point finite impulse response filter to eye position data, horizontal and vertical eye velocities were obtained by d ...
... For each neuron, data were aligned on either the initiation of saccades or the onset and offset of visual stimuli. Saccades were detected using automated algorithms. After applying a 29-point finite impulse response filter to eye position data, horizontal and vertical eye velocities were obtained by d ...
Topographic Organization of Corticospinal Projections from the
... precentral sulcus @PCS),and the ventral premotor area (PMv), which is in and adjacent to the caudal bank of the arcuate sulcus (ArS) at its inferior limb. In subsequent reports, we will present our findings on the origin of corticospinal projections from (1) the premotor areas on the medial wall of ...
... precentral sulcus @PCS),and the ventral premotor area (PMv), which is in and adjacent to the caudal bank of the arcuate sulcus (ArS) at its inferior limb. In subsequent reports, we will present our findings on the origin of corticospinal projections from (1) the premotor areas on the medial wall of ...
Maruska & Tricas 2009b
... octaval nuclei in the medulla. All of the hindbrain neurons and the majority of TS neurons ([85%) analyzed in this study were recorded with the low-impedance carbon fiber electrodes, which increased the chances of recording from secondary neurons rather than axons of primary afferents. Initial tract ...
... octaval nuclei in the medulla. All of the hindbrain neurons and the majority of TS neurons ([85%) analyzed in this study were recorded with the low-impedance carbon fiber electrodes, which increased the chances of recording from secondary neurons rather than axons of primary afferents. Initial tract ...
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... monkeys (Cooke and Graziano, 2004; Graziano et al., 2002, 2005) and found the often-confirmed map of the body. However, we then extended the electrical stimulation to a duration that was of behavioral relevance. We stimulated for half a second at a time, approximating the duration of a monkey’s reac ...
... monkeys (Cooke and Graziano, 2004; Graziano et al., 2002, 2005) and found the often-confirmed map of the body. However, we then extended the electrical stimulation to a duration that was of behavioral relevance. We stimulated for half a second at a time, approximating the duration of a monkey’s reac ...
Anatomical organization of the central olfactory
... The three classical ALTs………………………………………………………………...……26 The medial antennal-lobe tract…………………………………………………………..……26 The mediolateral antennal-lobe tract………………………………………………….………26 The lateral antennal-lobe tract…………………………………………………………...……26 ...
... The three classical ALTs………………………………………………………………...……26 The medial antennal-lobe tract…………………………………………………………..……26 The mediolateral antennal-lobe tract………………………………………………….………26 The lateral antennal-lobe tract…………………………………………………………...……26 ...
Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Control of Purposive - lsr
... with each other, and therefore, it is difficult to understand, solely based on the known anatomical connections, how the information is processed in the basal ganglia. We propose that the basal ganglia have two ways to control movements using two kinds of output: 1) control over the thalamocortical ...
... with each other, and therefore, it is difficult to understand, solely based on the known anatomical connections, how the information is processed in the basal ganglia. We propose that the basal ganglia have two ways to control movements using two kinds of output: 1) control over the thalamocortical ...