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AP Music Theory
AP Music Theory

... Figure 1.10 – Use of Accidentals Scale – series of eight pitches using eight consecutive letter names extending from a given pitch to its octave, ascending or descending. Consists of whole steps and half steps – it is the location of the half steps within the scale that determines the type of scale ...
Different scales
Different scales

... • This scale is what it says it is i.e. every step from one note to the next is a whole tone (not a semitone) • This creates a scale of 6 pitches • This music sounds airy, flimsy, fluffy and weightless • Debussy, a French composer used a lot of whole-tonescales in his music • Name the whole tones st ...
Diatonic Harmony Primer - John Ely`s Steel Guitar Web
Diatonic Harmony Primer - John Ely`s Steel Guitar Web

... that scale degree and carrying the name associated with that degree. So the tonic triad is built on degree 1, 3, and 5; the supertonic triad is build on degree 2, 4, and 6; and so on. The seven diatonic triads for the key of C are shown in the diagram (right) and are commonly labeled using the Roman ...
Number Theory and Music
Number Theory and Music

... sounds to the ear. We begin by enumerating a piano keyboard, a portion of which is pictured in figure 1, as a means of organizing pitch relationships. We call each of these numbers a key position. The interval between any two keys—whether black or white—with consecutive key positions is called a hal ...
definitions - St. Joseph`s High School Crossmaglen
definitions - St. Joseph`s High School Crossmaglen

... Pedal- a single note held or repeated (usually in bass), while music continues Sequence- the repetition of a passage at a higher or lower pitch The metre/ Time-Signature- Refers to the number of beats in each bar of the music An octave- a musical interval of eight tones eg. low C up to high C. An ar ...
Music Lettering Test
Music Lettering Test

... a minor scale or a major scale. A few of the things that may help to determine whether the piece is in major or minor are the following: 1. What does the piece sound like? Is it major sounding or minor? 2. Are there a lot of accidentals in the piece? If there are this could be a good sign that it ma ...
Tonal Harmony Chapter 1 Elements of Pitch
Tonal Harmony Chapter 1 Elements of Pitch

...  Key Signature: a pattern of sharps or flats; appears at the beginning of a staff and indicates that certain notes are to be consistently raised or lowered  Seven key signatures using sharps and seven key signatures using flats ...
View printable PDF of 6.7 Contemporary Chords and Harmonic
View printable PDF of 6.7 Contemporary Chords and Harmonic

... More examples of secundal chords: ...
Jefferson College Course Syllabus MSC101 Fundamentals of Music
Jefferson College Course Syllabus MSC101 Fundamentals of Music

... COURSE OUTLINE (course content will be drawn from this) A. ...
lesson 2: musical alphabet, scale degrees and solfeggio
lesson 2: musical alphabet, scale degrees and solfeggio

... Since there are seven letters in the Musical Alphabet, there are also 7 scale degrees in a major scale. ...
POTTER VOICE STUDIO INTERVALS , SCALES , KE Y
POTTER VOICE STUDIO INTERVALS , SCALES , KE Y

... Other Useful Scales Chromatic Scales are made up entirely of half steps. When ascending, the scale uses sharps, when descending it uses flats. ...
LABBS Harmony College 2003: Understanding the Barbershop Style
LABBS Harmony College 2003: Understanding the Barbershop Style

... harmonizing above the melody, the bass singing the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completing the chord. The melody is not sung by the tenor except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishing effect can be created. ...
Music Vocabulary Lists Year 1
Music Vocabulary Lists Year 1

... Harmony - Pleasing combination of two or three tones played together in the background while a melody is being played. Harmony also refers to the study of chord progressions. Homophony - Music written to be sung or played in unison. Instrumentation - Arrangement of music for a combined number of ins ...
VAN TECH MUSIC MUSIC THEORY LEARNING GUIDE Level IIA
VAN TECH MUSIC MUSIC THEORY LEARNING GUIDE Level IIA

... (solfege and numbers). For our purposes we will only learn the modern system using scale degree numbers. In the example below, you’ll see a C Major scale with the scale degree numbers identified below. To ensure that others will understand how you use the numbers, you must always place a caret (^) a ...
Musicianship notes - University High School 2014
Musicianship notes - University High School 2014

... b flat- lowers pitch one half step bb double flat- lowers pitch two half steps, or one full step natural- cancels out all sharps and flats, including key signature Enharmonic Equivalence Two pitches that sound the same, but are notated differently Tetrachords Four consecutive pitches, two tetra cord ...
View printable PDF of 2.2 Roman numerals
View printable PDF of 2.2 Roman numerals

... Seventh chords in major keys ...
Concepts for the Music Theory Sections of the Graduate Preliminary
Concepts for the Music Theory Sections of the Graduate Preliminary

... tonic (diatonic triad built on scale step 1) supertonic (diatonic triad built on scale step 2) mediant (diatonic triad built on scale step 3) subdominant (diatonic triad built on scale step 4) dominant (diatonic triad built on scale step 5) submediant (diatonic triad built on scale step 6) leading t ...
Brief background The tonal hierarchy The first probe tone study
Brief background The tonal hierarchy The first probe tone study

... focal substantive tones on another level and vice versa  in the major mode ‚ the tonic tone is the tone of ultimate rest toward which all other ones tend to move.  On the next higher level the third and fifth of the scale ‚ active melodic tones relative to the tonic, join the tonic as structural t ...
• Melody = a succession of pitches at specific durations that begins
• Melody = a succession of pitches at specific durations that begins

... a  'piece'  =  a  musical  composition  which  is  played  on  instruments.   ...
Context - Fulford School : VLE
Context - Fulford School : VLE

... The chords often have added 6ths (b.8-11), 7ths (b.12 & 13) and 9ths (b.25) common in the popular songs of the day, but also found in Fauré’s song. Note the circle of fifths progression at the end of the song (b.41-4), also frequently found in popular songs and used by Fauré. ...
Sample Grade 1 Theory Paper
Sample Grade 1 Theory Paper

... Put a tick (P ) in the box next to the correct answer. ...
Music Theory Part 2 - The Interval
Music Theory Part 2 - The Interval

... Music Theory – Part 2 The Interval In this section you will learn about how musical intervals or the spaces between notes and how they are used to create musical scales which help make songs. You will need to remember the pattern for the major scale. ...
Aural Revision Grade 7
Aural Revision Grade 7

... In a minor key, chord V is major and chord I is minor. Also, listen to see if chord V is a dominant 7th. I,II or IV – V :Imperfect Cadence (comma) Sounds like the music should continue after a breath as it ends on the dominant not the tonic. In a major key, both IV, V and I are major. In a minor key ...
Higher Music Concepts
Higher Music Concepts

... A chord consisting of three intervals of a minor 3rd built one on top of the other, the interval between the lower and top note being a diminished 7th, e.g. D, F, Ab, B. The chord sounds a bit ‘spooky’. This can be a very useful chord for modulation to distant keys. ...
The Birth of - Early Music America
The Birth of - Early Music America

... two tones, the higher of which is vibrating twice as fast as the lower, that a pure fifth is produced by two tones vibrating in the ratio 3 to 2, and that a pure fourth by two tones vibrating in the ratio 4 to 3. These musical concordances sounded so right, so harmonious, that they were believed in ...
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Circle of fifths



In music theory, the circle of fifths (or circle of fourths) is a visual representation of the relationships among the 12 tones of the chromatic scale, their corresponding key signatures, and the associated major and minor keys. More specifically, it is a geometrical representation of relationships among the 12 pitch classes of the chromatic scale in pitch class space.
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